{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2020057037","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3109/14647273.2010.520798","title":"Sperm content of pre-ejaculatory fluid","display_name":"Sperm content of pre-ejaculatory fluid","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-12-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2020057037","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3109/14647273.2010.520798","mag":"2020057037","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21155689","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3564677"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3109/14647273.2010.520798","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3109/14647273.2010.520798","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3109/14647273.2010.520798","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S51346222","display_name":"Human Fertility","issn_l":"1464-7273","issn":["1464-7273","1742-8149"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-40","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Human Fertility","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3564677","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010588982","display_name":"S.R. Killick","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I191240316","display_name":"University of Hull","ror":"https://ror.org/04nkhwh30","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I191240316"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I69768126","display_name":"Hull York Medical School","ror":"https://ror.org/0003e4m70","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I69768126"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Stephen R. Killick","raw_affiliation_strings":["Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, UK. s.r.killick@hull.ac.uk","; Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, UK. s.r.killick@hull.ac.uk","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I191240316","https://openalex.org/I69768126"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"; Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I191240316","https://openalex.org/I69768126"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075205421","display_name":"Christine Leary","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christine Leary","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hull IVF Unit, Women and Children's Hospital, Hull, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hull IVF Unit, Women and Children's Hospital, Hull, UK","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042509274","display_name":"James Trussell","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1417-7849","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1417-7849"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20089843","display_name":"Princeton University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hx57361","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20089843"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"James Trussell","raw_affiliation_strings":["Office of Population Research, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Office of Population Research, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20089843"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048654505","display_name":"Katherine Adams Guthrie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7257-8280","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7257-8280"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800043709","display_name":"Hull University Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust","ror":"https://ror.org/01b11x021","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800043709"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Katherine A. Guthrie","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sexual and Reproductive Healthcare Partnership, Hull and East Yorkshire, Hull, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sexual and Reproductive Healthcare Partnership, Hull and East Yorkshire, Hull, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800043709"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5010588982"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I191240316","https://openalex.org/I69768126"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.1377,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":46,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.81137288,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"1","first_page":"48","last_page":"52"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10116","display_name":"Sperm and Testicular Function","score":0.9258000254631042,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2743","display_name":"Reproductive Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10116","display_name":"Sperm and Testicular Function","score":0.9258000254631042,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2743","display_name":"Reproductive Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10600","display_name":"Reproductive Health and Contraception","score":0.02979999966919422,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13242","display_name":"Male Reproductive Health Studies","score":0.02160000056028366,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3600","display_name":"General Health Professions"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spermatozoa","display_name":"spermatozoa","score":0.8899999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sperm-motility","display_name":"sperm motility","score":0.8659999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/unintended-pregnancy","display_name":"unintended pregnancy","score":0.7720000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/condom-use","display_name":"condom use","score":0.8069999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coitus-interruptus","display_name":"coitus interruptus","score":0.9480000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/male-contraception","display_name":"male contraception","score":0.6809999942779541}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777812360","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q568192","display_name":"Ejaculation","level":2,"score":0.7597121596336365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781087480","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17145","display_name":"Sperm","level":2,"score":0.5809409618377686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16685009","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q335057","display_name":"Andrology","level":1,"score":0.5664881467819214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777362289","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1063420","display_name":"Ejaculatory duct","level":5,"score":0.540547788143158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777786686","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q58","display_name":"Penis","level":2,"score":0.4221070408821106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778093475","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9715","display_name":"Semen","level":2,"score":0.41942012310028076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29456083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1221899","display_name":"Gynecology","level":1,"score":0.40861159563064575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.398581326007843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105702510","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q514","display_name":"Anatomy","level":1,"score":0.18469497561454773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.1306895613670349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781171107","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q217259","display_name":"Seminal vesicle","level":4,"score":0.11331453919410706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776235491","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9625","display_name":"Prostate","level":3,"score":0.06353098154067993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121608353","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12078","display_name":"Cancer","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D004542","descriptor_name":"Ejaculation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010413","descriptor_name":"Penis","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012661","descriptor_name":"Semen","qualifier_ui":"Q000166","qualifier_name":"cytology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013081","descriptor_name":"Sperm Motility","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013094","descriptor_name":"Spermatozoa","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017280","descriptor_name":"Condoms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3109/14647273.2010.520798","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3109/14647273.2010.520798","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3109/14647273.2010.520798","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S51346222","display_name":"Human Fertility","issn_l":"1464-7273","issn":["1464-7273","1742-8149"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-40","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Human Fertility","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:21155689","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21155689","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Human fertility (Cambridge, England)","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:2566220","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3564677","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:3564677","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3564677","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Hum Fertil (Camb)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:2566220","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3564677","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9476000070571899}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3702182775","display_name":"Infrastructure for Population Research","funder_award_id":"R24HD047879","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337611","funder_display_name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320307856","display_name":"World Health Organization","ror":"https://ror.org/01f80g185"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337611","display_name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","ror":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1584327144","https://openalex.org/W1919449728","https://openalex.org/W2024423904","https://openalex.org/W2058589571","https://openalex.org/W2080431531","https://openalex.org/W2114990424","https://openalex.org/W2123037578","https://openalex.org/W2159902645","https://openalex.org/W2178247824","https://openalex.org/W2528781671","https://openalex.org/W2948441820","https://openalex.org/W2994397517","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4300105701"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2343662738","https://openalex.org/W2418494622","https://openalex.org/W4401425499","https://openalex.org/W3018503849","https://openalex.org/W7120622745","https://openalex.org/W2948441820","https://openalex.org/W2461305458","https://openalex.org/W2142176090","https://openalex.org/W2337557536","https://openalex.org/W4401539641"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"study":[1],"was":[2,81],"designed":[3],"to":[4,54,88,109,128,137],"establish":[5],"whether":[6,15],"motile":[7],"spermatozoa":[8,67,130],"are":[9,135],"released":[10],"with":[11,49],"pre-ejaculatory":[12,28,63,103,133],"fluid":[13,17,29],"and":[14,41,68,92],"this":[16],"therefore":[18],"poses":[19],"a":[20,50,75],"risk":[21],"for":[22],"unintended":[23],"pregnancy.":[24],"Forty":[25],"samples":[26,64],"of":[27,46,57,71,78,101,116],"were":[30,37,94],"examined":[31],"from":[32,112],"27":[33,59],"volunteer":[34],"men.":[35],"Samples":[36],"obtained":[38],"by":[39,42],"masturbation":[40],"touching":[43],"the":[44,47,58,79,113],"end":[45],"penis":[48],"Petri":[51],"dish":[52],"prior":[53],"ejaculation.":[55],"Eleven":[56],"subjects":[60],"(41%)":[61],"produced":[62,85],"that":[65,123],"contained":[66],"in":[69,96,131],"10":[70],"these":[72],"cases":[73],"(37%),":[74],"reasonable":[76],"proportion":[77],"sperm":[80],"motile.":[82],"The":[83],"volunteers":[84],"on":[86],"up":[87],"five":[89],"separate":[90],"occasions":[91],"sperms":[93],"found":[95],"either":[97],"all":[98],"or":[99],"none":[100],"their":[102,132],"samples.":[104],"Hence,":[105],"condoms":[106],"should":[107],"continue":[108],"be":[110,122],"used":[111],"first":[114],"moment":[115],"genital":[117],"contact,":[118],"although":[119],"it":[120],"may":[121],"some":[124],"men,":[125],"less":[126],"likely":[127],"leak":[129],"fluid,":[134],"able":[136],"practice":[138],"coitus":[139],"interruptus":[140],"more":[141],"successfully":[142],"than":[143],"others.":[144]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}