{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2019969085","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1172/jci106556","title":"Circulating insulin: the proinsulin-like properties of \u201cbig\u201d insulin in patients without islet cell tumors","display_name":"Circulating insulin: the proinsulin-like properties of \u201cbig\u201d insulin in patients without islet cell tumors","publication_year":1971,"publication_date":"1971-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2019969085","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1172/jci106556","mag":"2019969085","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4323127","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/291999"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1172/jci106556","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1172/jci106556","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1172/jci106556","pdf_url":"http://www.jci.org/articles/view/106556/files/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S114430552","display_name":"Journal of Clinical Investigation","issn_l":"0021-9738","issn":["0021-9738","1558-8238"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","oarl","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320279","host_organization_name":"American Society for Clinical Investigation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320279"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Society for Clinical Investigation"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Clinical Investigation","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"http://www.jci.org/articles/view/106556/files/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111585354","display_name":"Barry M. Sherman","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Barry M. Sherman","raw_affiliation_strings":["From the Diabetes Section, Clinical Endocrinology Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Metabolic Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20014","Place du Paris Notre-Dame, Paris 4, France","(I.N.S.E.R.M.), Hotel Dieu,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"From the Diabetes Section, Clinical Endocrinology Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Metabolic Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20014","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Place du Paris Notre-Dame, Paris 4, France","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"(I.N.S.E.R.M.), Hotel Dieu,","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070064147","display_name":"Phillip G\u00f6rden","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Phillip Gorden","raw_affiliation_strings":["From the Diabetes Section, Clinical Endocrinology Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Metabolic Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20014","Place du Paris Notre-Dame, Paris 4, France","(I.N.S.E.R.M.), Hotel Dieu,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"From the Diabetes Section, Clinical Endocrinology Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Metabolic Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20014","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Place du Paris Notre-Dame, Paris 4, France","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"(I.N.S.E.R.M.), Hotel Dieu,","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112097822","display_name":"Jesse Roth","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jesse Roth","raw_affiliation_strings":["From the Diabetes Section, Clinical Endocrinology Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Metabolic Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20014","Place du Paris Notre-Dame, Paris 4, France","(I.N.S.E.R.M.), Hotel Dieu,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"From the Diabetes Section, Clinical Endocrinology Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Metabolic Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20014","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Place du Paris Notre-Dame, Paris 4, France","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"(I.N.S.E.R.M.), Hotel Dieu,","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062448878","display_name":"Pierre Freychet","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154526488","display_name":"Inserm","ror":"https://ror.org/02vjkv261","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154526488"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133078","display_name":"H\u00f4tel-Dieu de Paris","ror":"https://ror.org/03jmjy508","country_code":"FR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097159","https://openalex.org/I4210124464","https://openalex.org/I4210133078"]}],"countries":["FR","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pierre Freychet","raw_affiliation_strings":["( I.N.S.E.R.M.) , Hotel Dieu , Place du Paris Notre- Dame , Paris 4 , France","From the Diabetes Section, Clinical Endocrinology Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Metabolic Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20014","Place du Paris Notre-Dame, Paris 4, France","(I.N.S.E.R.M.), Hotel Dieu,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"( I.N.S.E.R.M.) , Hotel Dieu , Place du Paris Notre- Dame , Paris 4 , France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154526488","https://openalex.org/I4210133078"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"From the Diabetes Section, Clinical Endocrinology Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Metabolic Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20014","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Place du Paris Notre-Dame, Paris 4, France","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"(I.N.S.E.R.M.), Hotel Dieu,","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":5200,"currency":"USD","value_usd":5200},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":12.4907,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":28,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98526664,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"50","issue":"4","first_page":"849","last_page":"858"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10839","display_name":"Pancreatic function and diabetes","score":0.9897000193595886,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10839","display_name":"Pancreatic function and diabetes","score":0.9897000193595886,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10748","display_name":"Growth Hormone and Insulin-like Growth Factors","score":0.0038999998942017555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11171","display_name":"Diabetes and associated disorders","score":0.0019000000320374966,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/proinsulin","display_name":"proinsulin","score":0.8870000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/circulating-insulin","display_name":"circulating insulin","score":0.8759999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/insulin-bioactivity","display_name":"insulin bioactivity","score":0.8349999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/insulin-immunoreactivity","display_name":"insulin immunoreactivity","score":0.609000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/insulin-antibodies","display_name":"insulin antibodies","score":0.5220000147819519}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90061646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q426173","display_name":"Proinsulin","level":3,"score":0.97774338722229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779306644","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2002370","display_name":"Insulin","level":2,"score":0.8824021220207214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.7211087942123413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.6982860565185547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163994747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2916358","display_name":"Sephadex","level":3,"score":0.5478612184524536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.41207724809646606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.3799857497215271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.19748860597610474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.1880132257938385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181199279","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8047","display_name":"Enzyme","level":2,"score":0.1507180631160736}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000273","descriptor_name":"Adipose Tissue","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000937","descriptor_name":"Antigen-Antibody Reactions","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002850","descriptor_name":"Chromatography, Gel","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007328","descriptor_name":"Insulin","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007328","descriptor_name":"Insulin","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007456","descriptor_name":"Iodine Isotopes","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007516","descriptor_name":"Adenoma, Islet Cell","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009765","descriptor_name":"Obesity","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010455","descriptor_name":"Peptides","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013552","descriptor_name":"Swine","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014357","descriptor_name":"Trypsin","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1172/jci106556","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1172/jci106556","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1172/jci106556","pdf_url":"http://www.jci.org/articles/view/106556/files/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S114430552","display_name":"Journal of Clinical Investigation","issn_l":"0021-9738","issn":["0021-9738","1558-8238"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","oarl","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320279","host_organization_name":"American Society for Clinical Investigation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320279"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Society for Clinical Investigation"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Clinical Investigation","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:291999","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/291999","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"J Clin Invest","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:4323127","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4323127","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of clinical investigation","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1172/jci106556","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1172/jci106556","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1172/jci106556","pdf_url":"http://www.jci.org/articles/view/106556/files/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S114430552","display_name":"Journal of Clinical Investigation","issn_l":"0021-9738","issn":["0021-9738","1558-8238"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","oarl","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320279","host_organization_name":"American Society for Clinical Investigation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320279"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Society for Clinical Investigation"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Clinical Investigation","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.4043000042438507}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2019969085.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2019969085.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W331502463","https://openalex.org/W1977408796","https://openalex.org/W1990126254","https://openalex.org/W2000184187","https://openalex.org/W2010985011","https://openalex.org/W2011111542","https://openalex.org/W2015230257","https://openalex.org/W2041698560","https://openalex.org/W2077413095","https://openalex.org/W2078558764","https://openalex.org/W2087008015","https://openalex.org/W2093477186","https://openalex.org/W2143873575","https://openalex.org/W2408768488","https://openalex.org/W2734698435","https://openalex.org/W2912598913","https://openalex.org/W3023173633","https://openalex.org/W3024675195"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2034811834","https://openalex.org/W1990126254","https://openalex.org/W2011111542","https://openalex.org/W124379828","https://openalex.org/W2031662314","https://openalex.org/W226547484","https://openalex.org/W2128269954","https://openalex.org/W1976459980","https://openalex.org/W2070038729","https://openalex.org/W2422645002"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"When":[0,41,77,164],"plasma":[1,42,73,83],"is":[2,9],"filtered":[3,49],"on":[4,166],"Sephadex":[5],"G-50,":[6],"insulin":[7,63,79,96,105,122,157,171,181,195],"immunoreactivity":[8,97],"recovered":[10],"in":[11,50,74,106],"two":[12],"peaks.":[13],"\"Big\"":[14],"insulin,":[15,23,178],"the":[16,24,55,94,99,107,113,173,183],"higher":[17],"molecular":[18,26],"weight":[19,27],"component,":[20,28],"and":[21,38,48,57,61,84,123],"\"little\"":[22,62,104,142,170],"lower":[25],"have":[29],"elution":[30],"volumes":[31],"that":[32,110,193,204],"correspond":[33],"to":[34,98,138],"those":[35,67],"of":[36,59,71,89,103,119,151],"proinsulin-(125)I":[37],"insulin-(125)I":[39],"respectively.":[40],"was":[43,80],"extracted":[44],"with":[45,86,155,162],"acid":[46],"ethanol":[47],"1.0":[51],"M":[52],"acetic":[53],"acid,":[54],"patterns":[56],"proportions":[58],"\"big\"":[60,78,95,121,140,156,180,194],"were":[64,125],"indistinguishable":[65],"from":[66,82,141],"obtained":[68],"by":[69],"filtration":[70,101],"whole":[72],"neutral":[75],"buffer.":[76],"isolated":[81,167],"mixed":[85],"a":[87,144,201],"tracer":[88],"porcine":[90,145,177,188],"proinsulin-(125)I,":[91],"trypsin":[92,129],"converted":[93,112,126],"gel":[100],"pattern":[102],"same":[108,174,184],"way":[109],"it":[111],"proinsulin":[114,124,146,199,202],"radioactivity.":[115],"More":[116],"than":[117],"90%":[118],"both":[120],"at":[127,160],"optimal":[128],"concentrations.":[130],"Our":[131],"present":[132],"guinea":[133],"pig":[134],"anti-insulin":[135],"serum":[136],"failed":[137],"distinguish":[139],"but":[143,158],"anti-serum,":[147],"under":[148],"appropriate":[149],"conditions":[150],"assay,":[152],"reacted":[153],"strongly":[154],"not":[159],"all":[161],"\"little.\"":[163],"tested":[165],"fat":[168],"cells,":[169],"had":[172,182],"bioactivity":[175],"as":[176,187],"whereas":[179],"low":[185,207],"activity":[186],"proinsulin.":[189],"These":[190],"studies":[191],"suggest":[192],"represents":[196],"either":[197],"single-chain":[198],"and/or":[200],"intermediate":[203],"has":[205],"similar":[206],"bioactivity.":[208]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
