{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2019887489","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1227/00006123-199007000-00001","title":"The Molecular Basis of Brain Injury and Brain Edema: The Role of Oxygen Free Radicals","display_name":"The Molecular Basis of Brain Injury and Brain Edema: The Role of Oxygen Free Radicals","publication_year":1990,"publication_date":"1990-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2019887489","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1227/00006123-199007000-00001","mag":"2019887489","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2198480"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1227/00006123-199007000-00001","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1227/00006123-199007000-00001","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1227/00006123-199007000-00001","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111727011","display_name":"Neurosurgery","issn_l":"0148-396X","issn":["0148-396X","1081-1281","1524-4040"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Neurosurgery","raw_type":"journal-article"},"parent_works":[],"lineage":["https://openalex.org/W2019887489"],"child_works_count":0,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Y Ikeda","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80188885","display_name":"Nippon Medical School","ror":"https://ror.org/00krab219","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80188885"]}],"countries":["JP","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Y Ikeda","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neurosurgery, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan","Department of Neurosurgery, Nippon Medical School (YI), Tokyo, Japan, and Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine (DML), Baltimore, Maryland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurosurgery, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80188885"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurosurgery, Nippon Medical School (YI), Tokyo, Japan, and Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine (DML), Baltimore, Maryland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948","https://openalex.org/I80188885"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112777151","display_name":"Don M. Long","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80188885","display_name":"Nippon Medical School","ror":"https://ror.org/00krab219","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80188885"]}],"countries":["JP","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D M Long","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neurosurgery, Nippon Medical School (YI), Tokyo, Japan, and Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine (DML), Baltimore, Maryland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurosurgery, Nippon Medical School (YI), Tokyo, Japan, and Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine (DML), Baltimore, Maryland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948","https://openalex.org/I80188885"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":14.7342,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":421,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99327083,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"27","issue":"1","first_page":"1","last_page":"1"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10706","display_name":"Traumatic Brain Injury and Neurovascular Disturbances","score":0.6747999787330627,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Clinical Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10706","display_name":"Traumatic Brain Injury and Neurovascular Disturbances","score":0.6747999787330627,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Clinical Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13796","display_name":"Neuroprotection in Cerebral Ischemia","score":0.2045000046491623,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11884","display_name":"Redox biology and oxidative stress","score":0.04619999974966049,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oxygen-free-radicals","display_name":"oxygen free radicals","score":0.9129999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brain-injury","display_name":"brain injury","score":0.902999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cerebral-edema","display_name":"cerebral edema","score":0.9860000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/free-radical-scavengers","display_name":"radical scavengers","score":0.7599999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oxidative-stress","display_name":"oxidative stress","score":0.6119999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pathophysiology","display_name":"pathophysiology","score":0.7490000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antioxidant-therapy","display_name":"antioxidant therapy","score":0.5389999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/free-radical-detection","display_name":"free radical detection","score":0.6940000057220459}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8251195549964905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139066938","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185056","display_name":"Radical","level":2,"score":0.6913090944290161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019162651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q979168","display_name":"Brain edema","level":2,"score":0.6829897165298462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780886150","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q152234","display_name":"Edema","level":2,"score":0.5842375755310059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.490940123796463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10162356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1135939","display_name":"Pathophysiology","level":2,"score":0.44630569219589233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C540031477","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q629","display_name":"Oxygen","level":2,"score":0.412697970867157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42219234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131130","display_name":"Anesthesia","level":1,"score":0.3502548933029175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.22882914543151855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.15039962530136108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.08653271198272705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.059681236743927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001929","descriptor_name":"Brain Edema","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001929","descriptor_name":"Brain Edema","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001930","descriptor_name":"Brain Injuries","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001930","descriptor_name":"Brain Injuries","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005609","descriptor_name":"Free Radicals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010100","descriptor_name":"Oxygen","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1227/00006123-199007000-00001","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1227/00006123-199007000-00001","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1227/00006123-199007000-00001","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111727011","display_name":"Neurosurgery","issn_l":"0148-396X","issn":["0148-396X","1081-1281","1524-4040"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Neurosurgery","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.1097/00006123-199007000-00001","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00006123-199007000-00001","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00006123-199007000-00001","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111727011","display_name":"Neurosurgery","issn_l":"0148-396X","issn":["0148-396X","1081-1281","1524-4040"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Neurosurgery","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:2198480","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2198480","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Neurosurgery","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9476000070571899,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2739296438","https://openalex.org/W2979734464","https://openalex.org/W2480021124","https://openalex.org/W73885394","https://openalex.org/W2046331318","https://openalex.org/W1598606175","https://openalex.org/W2432127637","https://openalex.org/W2036746362","https://openalex.org/W2413871735"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"review":[1],"article":[2],"outlines":[3],"basic":[4],"concepts":[5],"and":[6,22,41,44,63,94],"pathophysiological":[7],"aspects":[8],"of":[9,12,19,38,47,57],"the":[10],"chemistry":[11],"oxygen":[13,31,48,68,80],"free":[14,32,49,69,81],"radicals":[15,33,50,70],"in":[16],"all":[17],"forms":[18],"brain":[20,23,39,42,92,95],"injury":[21,40,93],"edema.":[24,96],"Recent":[25],"experimental":[26],"studies":[27],"have":[28],"demonstrated":[29],"that":[30],"may":[34,84],"be":[35,72],"important":[36],"mediators":[37],"edema,":[43],"pharmacological":[45],"antagonism":[46],"shows":[51],"beneficial":[52],"therapeutic":[53,89],"results.":[54],"A":[55],"number":[56],"fundamental":[58],"questions":[59],"need":[60],"to":[61],"resolved,":[62],"advanced":[64],"techniques":[65],"for":[66,91],"detecting":[67],"will":[71],"needed.":[73],"No":[74],"clinical":[75],"data":[76],"are":[77],"available,":[78],"but":[79],"radical":[82],"scavengers":[83],"possibly":[85],"become":[86],"a":[87],"critical":[88],"modality":[90]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":13}],"updated_date":"2026-11-14T11:04:58.165337","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}