{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2019739427","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1044/jshr.1502.395","title":"Relationships among Components of the Grammar in Language Disorder","display_name":"Relationships among Components of the Grammar in Language Disorder","publication_year":1972,"publication_date":"1972-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2019739427","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1044/jshr.1502.395","mag":"2019739427","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/5047878"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1044/jshr.1502.395","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1044/jshr.1502.395","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1044/jshr.1502.395","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210184872","display_name":"Journal of Speech and Hearing Research","issn_l":"0022-4685","issn":["0022-4685"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320281","host_organization_name":"American Speech\u2013Language\u2013Hearing Association","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320281"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Speech\u2013Language\u2013Hearing Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Speech and Hearing Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073006904","display_name":"Paula Menyuk","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paula Menyuk","raw_affiliation_strings":["Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts","Google Scholar"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google Scholar","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041139245","display_name":"Patricia L. Looney","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1288882113","display_name":"Boston Children's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/00dvg7y05","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1288882113"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Patricia L. Looney","raw_affiliation_strings":["Children\u2019s Hospital Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts","Google Scholar"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Children\u2019s Hospital Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1288882113"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google Scholar","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.2062,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":35,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86762779,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"2","first_page":"395","last_page":"406"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10730","display_name":"Language Development and Disorders","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10730","display_name":"Language Development and Disorders","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10103","display_name":"Reading and Literacy Development","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10403","display_name":"Phonetics and Phonology Research","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/language-disorders","display_name":"language disorders","score":0.8259999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phonological-features","display_name":"phonological features","score":0.5830000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distinctive-features","display_name":"distinctive features","score":0.8119999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meaningfulness","display_name":"meaningfulness","score":0.5040000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonsense-syllables","display_name":"nonsense syllables","score":0.9620000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/language-intervention","display_name":"language intervention","score":0.593999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/children","display_name":"children","score":0.47600001096725464}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776141515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1274479","display_name":"Repetition (rhetorical device)","level":2,"score":0.7277612090110779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62923972","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q600499","display_name":"Nonsense","level":3,"score":0.6282931566238403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103278499","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q254465","display_name":"Similarity (geometry)","level":3,"score":0.5906208157539368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.5901745557785034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778112365","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3511065","display_name":"Sequence (biology)","level":2,"score":0.5320293307304382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4989011287689209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.4937673509120941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26022165","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8091","display_name":"Grammar","level":2,"score":0.47313228249549866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100660578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18733","display_name":"Recall","level":2,"score":0.45933854579925537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3543717861175537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.33751821517944336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2974824905395508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.23116695880889893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D002648","descriptor_name":"Child","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002675","descriptor_name":"Child, Preschool","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007806","descriptor_name":"Language Disorders","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008037","descriptor_name":"Linguistics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008568","descriptor_name":"Memory","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010700","descriptor_name":"Phonetics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012660","descriptor_name":"Semantics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1044/jshr.1502.395","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1044/jshr.1502.395","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1044/jshr.1502.395","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210184872","display_name":"Journal of Speech and Hearing Research","issn_l":"0022-4685","issn":["0022-4685"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320281","host_organization_name":"American Speech\u2013Language\u2013Hearing Association","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320281"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Speech\u2013Language\u2013Hearing Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Speech and Hearing Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:5047878","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/5047878","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of speech and hearing research","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4000000059604645,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2032588153","https://openalex.org/W1989879480","https://openalex.org/W4383742308","https://openalex.org/W2027521153","https://openalex.org/W2912763331","https://openalex.org/W2050786323","https://openalex.org/W105216852","https://openalex.org/W1973872630","https://openalex.org/W1986757395","https://openalex.org/W1988726929"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"study":[1],"(1)":[2],"examined":[3,22],"the":[4,7,23,28,47,53,65,87,95,102,109,114,126,135,152,155],"relationship":[5],"between":[6,46],"accuracy":[8,32,93],"of":[9,11,25,33,36,49,86,91,113,138,144,154],"repetition":[10,31,59,63,92],"syntactic":[12,57],"structures":[13],"and":[14,20,38,60,70,98,119,129],"phonological":[15,29,61],"sequences":[16,66,79,88],"by":[17,52],"language-disordered":[18,37,54,96],"children,":[19],"(2)":[21],"effect":[24],"meaning":[26],"on":[27],"sequence":[30,62],"a":[34,43,73],"group":[35],"normal-speaking":[39,105],"children.":[40,106],"There":[41],"was":[42,72,131],"significant":[44],"correlation":[45],"percentage":[48],"errors":[50],"made":[51],"children":[55,97,162],"in":[56,68,75,81,116,134,141,163],"structure":[58,153],"if":[64,78],"were":[67,80,122],"words,":[69],"there":[71,130],"tendency":[74],"this":[76],"direction":[77],"nonsense":[82,120],"syllables.":[83],"The":[84],"meaningfulness":[85],"affected":[89],"degree":[90],"for":[94,104],"tended":[99],"to":[100,149,157,160],"do":[101],"same":[103],"In":[107],"addition,":[108],"distinctive":[110],"feature":[111,139],"components":[112],"segments":[115,127],"both":[117],"words":[118],"syllables":[121],"better":[123],"recalled":[124],"than":[125],"themselves,":[128],"great":[132],"similarity":[133],"rank":[136],"order":[137],"recall":[140],"each":[142],"type":[143],"sequence.":[145],"These":[146],"findings":[147],"lead":[148],"suggestions":[150],"concerning":[151],"language":[156],"be":[158],"presented":[159],"these":[161],"therapeutic":[164],"situations.":[165]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}