{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2019580100","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2206.1999.00104.x","title":"Need as an operating concept: the case of social work with children and families","display_name":"Need as an operating concept: the case of social work with children and families","publication_year":1999,"publication_date":"1999-02-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2019580100","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2206.1999.00104.x","mag":"2019580100"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1046/j.1365-2206.1999.00104.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2206.1999.00104.x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2206.1999.00104.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S203700963","display_name":"Child & Family Social Work","issn_l":"1356-7500","issn":["1356-7500","1365-2206"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Child & Family Social Work","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113941056","display_name":"Sheppard","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I897542642","display_name":"University of Plymouth","ror":"https://ror.org/008n7pv89","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I897542642"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sheppard","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Social Policy and Social Work, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, Uk,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Social Policy and Social Work, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, Uk,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I897542642"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070835590","display_name":"WOODCOCK","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802974247","display_name":"Devon County Council","ror":"https://ror.org/02sbf1347","country_code":"GB","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802974247"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Woodcock","raw_affiliation_strings":["Devon Social Services Department, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Devon Social Services Department, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802974247"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5113941056"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I897542642"],"apc_list":{"value":3560,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3560},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.3142,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":15,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93395639,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":"1","first_page":"67","last_page":"76"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11028","display_name":"Social Work Education and Practice","score":0.8848000168800354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3321","display_name":"Public Administration"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11028","display_name":"Social Work Education and Practice","score":0.8848000168800354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3321","display_name":"Public Administration"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13624","display_name":"Social Sciences and Policies","score":0.10649999976158142,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3300","display_name":"General Social Sciences"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11380","display_name":"Child Welfare and Adoption","score":0.006599999964237213,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/needs","display_name":"needs","score":0.5419999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-concept","display_name":"operating concept","score":0.6169999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/child-and-family-social-work","display_name":"child and family social work","score":0.8109999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-work-practice","display_name":"social work practice","score":0.6570000052452087}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90734943","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17008777","display_name":"Conceptualization","level":2,"score":0.9232066869735718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78022038","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7644082","display_name":"Superordinate goals","level":2,"score":0.866666316986084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5477714538574219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16920402","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205398","display_name":"Social work","level":2,"score":0.47768646478652954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.45363765954971313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.4272627532482147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C539667460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2414942","display_name":"Management science","level":1,"score":0.41470417380332947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780378061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25351891","display_name":"Service (business)","level":2,"score":0.41359350085258484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.39035531878471375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.3314248323440552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.2785148620605469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.19014930725097656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.1763976812362671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.10147321224212646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.10064148902893066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.08882653713226318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1046/j.1365-2206.1999.00104.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2206.1999.00104.x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2206.1999.00104.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S203700963","display_name":"Child & Family Social Work","issn_l":"1356-7500","issn":["1356-7500","1365-2206"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Child & Family Social Work","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:kar.kent.ac.uk:58992","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://kar.kent.ac.uk/58992/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196264","display_name":"Kent Academic Repository (University of Kent)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I20581793","host_organization_name":"University of Kent","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20581793"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.6399999856948853}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1515851674","https://openalex.org/W1531064885","https://openalex.org/W1972446870","https://openalex.org/W1979112784","https://openalex.org/W1984517957","https://openalex.org/W2036786012","https://openalex.org/W2053676444","https://openalex.org/W2055565392","https://openalex.org/W2063082532","https://openalex.org/W2068270209","https://openalex.org/W2284307532","https://openalex.org/W4239581120"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1557999840","https://openalex.org/W238810398","https://openalex.org/W4251731705","https://openalex.org/W1897985696","https://openalex.org/W851055554","https://openalex.org/W2306356831","https://openalex.org/W4237249951","https://openalex.org/W4312524139","https://openalex.org/W375351343","https://openalex.org/W1953064028"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Need":[0],"is":[1,11,44,91,107,146],"widely":[2],"regarded":[3,13],"as":[4,14,18,130],"central":[5],"to":[6],"social":[7],"work":[8],"practice,":[9],"yet":[10],"equally":[12],"far":[15],"from":[16],"unproblematic":[17],"a":[19,83,87,97,131,135],"concept.":[20],"Considerable":[21],"debate":[22],"has":[23],"occurred":[24],"at":[25],"two":[26,51,76],"levels:":[27],"the":[28,39,60,68,94,108],"policy/service":[29],"delivery":[30],"level":[31,36],"and":[32,64,86,119,127],"an":[33,54],"abstract":[34],"conceptual":[35],"which":[37,111,121,140],"considers":[38],"nature":[40],"of":[41,62,71,78,101,137],"need.":[42,102],"It":[43,90],"suggested":[45],"here,":[46],"however,":[47],"that":[48,93],"between":[49],"these":[50],"levels":[52],"lies":[53],"\u2018operating":[55],"concept\u2019.":[56,89],"This":[57],"focuses":[58],"on":[59],"problem":[61],"defining":[63],"identifying":[65],"need":[66,79,106,138],"in":[67,144],"immediate":[69],"circumstances":[70],"practice.":[72],"At":[73],"this":[74,104],"level,":[75],"concepts":[77],"are":[80,122,125],"put":[81],"forward:":[82],"\u2018deficit":[84],"concept\u2019":[85],"\u2018differentiated":[88],"argued":[92],"latter":[95],"provides":[96],"more":[98],"coherent":[99],"conceptualization":[100],"In":[103],"concept,":[105],"superordinate":[109],"concept":[110],"contains":[112],"within":[113],"it":[114],"three":[115],"subconcepts:":[116],"problems,":[117],"supports":[118],"resources,":[120],"connected.":[123],"These":[124],"analysed,":[126],"their":[128],"potential":[129],"basis":[132],"for":[133],"developing":[134],"system":[136],"classification":[139],"may":[141],"be":[142],"used":[143],"practice":[145],"explored.":[147]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}