{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2019568032","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.395470","title":"Masking techniques at the focal plane of the FORS instruments","display_name":"Masking techniques at the focal plane of the FORS instruments","publication_year":2000,"publication_date":"2000-08-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2019568032","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.395470","mag":"2019568032"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1117/12.395470","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.395470","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.395470","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S183492911","display_name":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","issn_l":"0277-786X","issn":["0277-786X","1996-756X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315543","host_organization_name":"SPIE","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315543"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SPIE"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SPIE Proceedings","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-paper","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076111457","display_name":"Harald Schink","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74656192","display_name":"University of G\u00f6ttingen","ror":"https://ror.org/01y9bpm73","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74656192"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Harald Schink","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universitaets-Sternwarte Gottingen (Germany)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universitaets-Sternwarte Gottingen (Germany)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74656192"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075327472","display_name":"Harald E. Nicklas","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74656192","display_name":"University of G\u00f6ttingen","ror":"https://ror.org/01y9bpm73","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74656192"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Harald E. Nicklas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universitaets-Sternwarte Goettingen (Germany)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universitaets-Sternwarte Goettingen (Germany)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74656192"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025750839","display_name":"Reiner Harke","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74656192","display_name":"University of G\u00f6ttingen","ror":"https://ror.org/01y9bpm73","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74656192"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Reiner Harke","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universitaets-Sternwarte Goettingen (Germany)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universitaets-Sternwarte Goettingen (Germany)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74656192"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079819071","display_name":"Reinhold Haefner","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Reinhold Haefner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universitaets-Sternwarte Muenchen (Germany)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universitaets-Sternwarte Muenchen (Germany)","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063580217","display_name":"Hans-Joachim Hess","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hans-Joachim Hess","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universitaets-Sternwarte Muenchen (Germany)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universitaets-Sternwarte Muenchen (Germany)","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111884926","display_name":"W. Hummel","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wolfgang Hummel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universitaets-Sternwarte Muenchen (Germany)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universitaets-Sternwarte Muenchen (Germany)","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046025348","display_name":"K. H. Mantel","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Karl-Heinz Mantel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universitaets-Sternwarte Muenchen (Germany)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universitaets-Sternwarte Muenchen (Germany)","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014454342","display_name":"Wolfgang Meisl","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wolfgang Meisl","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universitaets-Sternwarte Muenchen (Germany)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universitaets-Sternwarte Muenchen (Germany)","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058397627","display_name":"Bernard Muschielok","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bernard Muschielok","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universitaets-Sternwarte Muenchen (Germany)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universitaets-Sternwarte Muenchen (Germany)","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109941832","display_name":"Karl Tarantik","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Karl Tarantik","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universitaets-Sternwarte Muenchen (Germany)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universitaets-Sternwarte Muenchen (Germany)","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074436179","display_name":"W. Seifert","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Walter Seifert","raw_affiliation_strings":["Landessternwarte Heidelberg (Germany)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Landessternwarte Heidelberg (Germany)","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.078,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86023835,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":"4008","issue":null,"first_page":"175","last_page":"175"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12917","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysical Research","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3105","display_name":"Instrumentation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12917","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysical Research","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3105","display_name":"Instrumentation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11484","display_name":"Adaptive optics and wavefront sensing","score":0.0038999998942017555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10039","display_name":"Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fors","display_name":"FORS","score":0.8569999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/focal-reducer","display_name":"focal reducer","score":0.8299999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spectrograph","display_name":"spectrograph","score":0.9010000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/very-large-telescope","display_name":"Very Large Telescope","score":0.9150000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/instrument-capabilities","display_name":"instrument capabilities","score":0.4519999921321869}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138395690","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q376733","display_name":"Cardinal point","level":2,"score":0.7617339491844177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.5844866037368774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.4619688391685486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777402240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6783436","display_name":"Masking (illustration)","level":2,"score":0.44614261388778687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.4220837652683258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.38026440143585205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.359555184841156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.17524012923240662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.06549796462059021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1117/12.395470","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.395470","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.395470","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S183492911","display_name":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","issn_l":"0277-786X","issn":["0277-786X","1996-756X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315543","host_organization_name":"SPIE","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315543"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SPIE"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SPIE Proceedings","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321114","display_name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung","ror":"https://ror.org/04pz7b180"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323015","display_name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Forschung und Technologie","ror":"https://ror.org/04pz7b180"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1669390535","https://openalex.org/W1609328012","https://openalex.org/W2058086745","https://openalex.org/W2282649765","https://openalex.org/W2072362521","https://openalex.org/W2053505501","https://openalex.org/W6986443495","https://openalex.org/W2577046966","https://openalex.org/W7018786428","https://openalex.org/W3014158342"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"FORS":[1],"instruments":[2],"are":[3,9],"focal":[4],"reducers":[5],"and":[6,19],"spectrographs":[7],"which":[8],"built":[10],"in":[11,38],"two":[12],"copies":[13],"for":[14],"the":[15,22,33],"unit":[16],"telescopes":[17],"UT1":[18],"UT2":[20],"of":[21,27,32],"ESO/VLT":[23],"by":[24],"a":[25,39],"consortium":[26],"University":[28],"Observatories.":[29],"An":[30],"overview":[31],"instrument":[34],"capabilities":[35],"is":[36],"given":[37],"separate":[40],"paper":[41],"at":[42],"this":[43],"conference.":[44]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
