{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2019522253","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00268-003-7101-x","title":"The Surgeon and Human Immunodeficiency Virus","display_name":"The Surgeon and Human Immunodeficiency Virus","publication_year":2003,"publication_date":"2003-06-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2019522253","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00268-003-7101-x","mag":"2019522253","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12822050"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s00268-003-7101-x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00268-003-7101-x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00268-003-7101-x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S60318618","display_name":"World Journal of Surgery","issn_l":"0364-2313","issn":["0364-2313","1432-2323"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"World Journal of Surgery","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111413489","display_name":"Jens Mielke","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153455119","display_name":"University of Zimbabwe","ror":"https://ror.org/04ze6rb18","country_code":"ZW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153455119"]}],"countries":["ZW"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jens Mielke","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medicine, University of Zimbabwe Medical School, Box A 178, Avondale, Harare, Zimbabwe"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medicine, University of Zimbabwe Medical School, Box A 178, Avondale, Harare, Zimbabwe","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153455119"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047678715","display_name":"Kazadi K. N. Kalangu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2524-4514","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2524-4514"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153455119","display_name":"University of Zimbabwe","ror":"https://ror.org/04ze6rb18","country_code":"ZW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153455119"]}],"countries":["ZW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kazadi K.N. Kalangu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Surgery, University of Zimbabwe Medical School, Box A 178, Avondale, Harare, Zimbabwe"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Surgery, University of Zimbabwe Medical School, Box A 178, Avondale, Harare, Zimbabwe","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153455119"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5111413489"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153455119"],"apc_list":{"value":4000,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4000},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.13188694,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":"27","issue":"8","first_page":"967","last_page":"971"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10082","display_name":"HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions","score":0.5400000214576721,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10082","display_name":"HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions","score":0.5400000214576721,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13147","display_name":"Ethics and bioethics in healthcare","score":0.44429999589920044,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13275","display_name":"Medical and Health Sciences Research","score":0.004000000189989805,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hiv","display_name":"HIV","score":0.6819999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/surgeons","display_name":"surgeons","score":0.7120000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ethical-dilemmas","display_name":"ethical dilemmas","score":0.7329999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/informed-consent","display_name":"informed consent","score":0.8479999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hiv-testing","display_name":"HIV testing","score":0.5929999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/occupational-risk","display_name":"occupational risk","score":0.4169999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/substitute-decision-makers","display_name":"substitute decision-makers","score":0.8450000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-disclosure","display_name":"risk disclosure","score":0.6859999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/professional-associations","display_name":"professional associations","score":0.5220000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource-allocation","display_name":"resource allocation","score":0.4490000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/accountability-for-reasonableness","display_name":"accountability for reasonableness","score":0.9829999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/developing-countries","display_name":"developing countries","score":0.6029999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sub-saharan-africa","display_name":"sub-Saharan Africa","score":0.6359999775886536}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777363581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15098235","display_name":"Harm","level":2,"score":0.7038427591323853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.6870144605636597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68122502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q764527","display_name":"Informed consent","level":3,"score":0.5601060390472412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776007630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2798912","display_name":"Accountability","level":2,"score":0.45777034759521484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.32895833253860474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.1518053114414215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.11984872817993164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.10215887427330017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D003657","descriptor_name":"Decision Making","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004995","descriptor_name":"Ethics, Professional","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007258","descriptor_name":"Informed Consent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009784","descriptor_name":"Occupational Diseases","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013502","descriptor_name":"General Surgery","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013514","descriptor_name":"Surgical Procedures, Operative","qualifier_ui":"Q000941","qualifier_name":"ethics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015658","descriptor_name":"HIV Infections","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D030881","descriptor_name":"Disclosure","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D040841","descriptor_name":"Resource Allocation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s00268-003-7101-x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00268-003-7101-x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00268-003-7101-x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S60318618","display_name":"World Journal of Surgery","issn_l":"0364-2313","issn":["0364-2313","1432-2323"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"World Journal of Surgery","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:12822050","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12822050","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"World journal of surgery","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.8560000061988831},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","score":0.5473999977111816}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":7,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1985037180","https://openalex.org/W1985055736","https://openalex.org/W1992227123","https://openalex.org/W2022396606","https://openalex.org/W2048621748","https://openalex.org/W2468154367","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2128271163","https://openalex.org/W2013677926","https://openalex.org/W1749508754","https://openalex.org/W1972798185","https://openalex.org/W2172135212","https://openalex.org/W2425683915","https://openalex.org/W111683051","https://openalex.org/W2089846405","https://openalex.org/W2091845059","https://openalex.org/W137028711"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,201],"moral":[1],"dilemmas":[2],"faced":[3],"by":[4,133,160],"surgeons":[5,130,154,210],"worldwide":[6],"who":[7],"treat":[8],"patients":[9,157,223],"infected":[10],"with":[11,105,189,224],"the":[12,21,29,53,61,77,82,86,90,93,99,106,125,150,163,193,199],"human":[13],"immunodeficiency":[14],"virus":[15],"(HIV)":[16],"can":[17,102,171],"be":[18,71,111,182],"viewed":[19],"against":[20],"background":[22],"of":[23,35,38,56,96,127,149,165,192,195],"experience":[24],"in":[25,33,98,146,168,178],"sub-Saharan":[26],"countries,":[27],"where":[28],"community":[30],"prevalence":[31],"is":[32,63],"excess":[34],"25%":[36],"(90%":[37],"hospital":[39],"inpatients).":[40],"When":[41,65],"seeking":[42],"consent":[43,66],"for":[44,67,115,124,141,207],"an":[45],"HIV":[46,97,196],"test":[47,69],"before":[48],"surgery,":[49,162],"frank":[50],"communication":[51],"regarding":[52],"surgeons'":[54],"perspective":[55],"risks":[57],"to":[58,88,136,184,198,211],"themselves":[59],"and":[60,109,138,215],"patient":[62,83],"helpful.":[64],"a":[68,74,112],"must":[70],"obtained":[72],"from":[73,155],"substitute":[75],"decision-maker,":[76],"surgeon":[78],"should":[79,110],"consider":[80],"if":[81],"would":[84],"want":[85],"decision-maker":[87],"know":[89],"result.":[91],"Understanding":[92],"natural":[94],"history":[95],"surgical":[100],"setting":[101],"help":[103],"deal":[104],"uncertainties":[107],"encountered":[108],"research":[113],"priority":[114],"developing":[116,169],"countries.":[117],"International":[118],"professional":[119],"organizations":[120],"are":[121],"useful":[122],"platforms":[123],"exchange":[126],"ideas":[128],"when":[129,217],"encounter":[131],"uncertainty":[132],"increasing":[134],"access":[135],"journals":[137],"creating":[139],"opportunities":[140],"discussion.":[142],"Although":[143],"supervisory":[144],"bodies":[145],"some":[147],"parts":[148],"world":[151],"prevent":[152],"HIV-infected":[153],"putting":[156],"at":[158],"risk":[159,194],"offering":[161],"withdrawal":[164],"their":[166],"services":[167],"countries":[170],"cause":[172],"more":[173],"harm":[174],"than":[175],"good.":[176],"Surgeons":[177],"that":[179],"position":[180],"may":[181],"entitled":[183],"offer":[185],"surgery":[186],"but":[187],"only":[188],"full":[190],"disclosure":[191],"infection":[197],"patient.":[200],"decision-making":[202],"process":[203],"known":[204],"as":[205],"\"accountability":[206],"reasonableness\"":[208],"allows":[209],"determine":[212],"fairness,":[213],"legitimacy,":[214],"acceptability":[216],"making":[218],"resource":[219],"allocation":[220],"decisions":[221],"involving":[222],"HIV.":[225]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}