{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2019485352","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14992020802301167","title":"Cognition counts: A working memory system for ease of language understanding (ELU)","display_name":"Cognition counts: A working memory system for ease of language understanding (ELU)","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2019485352","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14992020802301167","mag":"2019485352","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19012117"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/14992020802301167","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14992020802301167","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14992020802301167","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S170890380","display_name":"International Journal of Audiology","issn_l":"1499-2027","issn":["1499-2027","1708-8186"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Audiology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080396768","display_name":"Jerker R\u00f6nnberg","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7311-9959","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7311-9959"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102134673","display_name":"Link\u00f6ping University","ror":"https://ror.org/05ynxx418","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102134673"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jerker R\u00f6nnberg","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Swedish Institute for Disability Research, Link\u00f6ping University, Link\u00f6ping, Sweden. jerker.ronnberg@liu.se","Department of Behavioural Sciences and Learning, Link\u00f6ping University, Sweden","The Swedish Institute for Disability Research, Link\u00f6ping University, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Swedish Institute for Disability Research, Link\u00f6ping University, Link\u00f6ping, Sweden. jerker.ronnberg@liu.se","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102134673"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Behavioural Sciences and Learning, Link\u00f6ping University, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102134673"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Swedish Institute for Disability Research, Link\u00f6ping University, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102134673"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051459128","display_name":"Mary Rudner","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8722-8232","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8722-8232"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102134673","display_name":"Link\u00f6ping University","ror":"https://ror.org/05ynxx418","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102134673"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mary Rudner","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Swedish Institute for Disability Research, Link\u00f6ping University, Sweden; Department of Behavioural Sciences and Learning, Link\u00f6ping University, Sweden","Department of Behavioural Sciences and Learning, Link\u00f6ping University, Sweden","The Swedish Institute for Disability Research, Link\u00f6ping University, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Swedish Institute for Disability Research, Link\u00f6ping University, Sweden; Department of Behavioural Sciences and Learning, Link\u00f6ping University, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102134673"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Behavioural Sciences and Learning, Link\u00f6ping University, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102134673"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Swedish Institute for Disability Research, Link\u00f6ping University, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102134673"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019499757","display_name":"Catharina Foo","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102134673","display_name":"Link\u00f6ping University","ror":"https://ror.org/05ynxx418","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102134673"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Catharina Foo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Behavioural Sciences and Learning, Link\u00f6ping University, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Behavioural Sciences and Learning, Link\u00f6ping University, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102134673"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070985289","display_name":"Thomas Lunner","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7101-7561","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7101-7561"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102134673","display_name":"Link\u00f6ping University","ror":"https://ror.org/05ynxx418","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102134673"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thomas Lunner","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Swedish Institute for Disability Research, Link\u00f6ping University, Sweden; Technical Audiology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Link\u00f6ping University, Sweden; Oticon Research Centre Eriksholm, Snekkersten, Denmark","Oticon Research Centre Eriksholm, Snekkersten, Denmark","Technical Audiology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Link\u00f6ping University, Sweden","The Swedish Institute for Disability Research, Link\u00f6ping University, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Swedish Institute for Disability Research, Link\u00f6ping University, Sweden; Technical Audiology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Link\u00f6ping University, Sweden; Oticon Research Centre Eriksholm, Snekkersten, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102134673"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Oticon Research Centre Eriksholm, Snekkersten, Denmark","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technical Audiology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Link\u00f6ping University, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102134673"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Swedish Institute for Disability Research, Link\u00f6ping University, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102134673"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5080396768"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102134673"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":23.1038,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":521,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99903828,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"47","issue":"sup2","first_page":"S99","last_page":"S105"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10283","display_name":"Hearing Loss and Rehabilitation","score":0.5282999873161316,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3616","display_name":"Speech and Hearing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10283","display_name":"Hearing Loss and Rehabilitation","score":0.5282999873161316,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3616","display_name":"Speech and Hearing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10465","display_name":"Neurobiology of Language and Bilingualism","score":0.3082999885082245,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11285","display_name":"Hearing Impairment and Communication","score":0.08030000329017639,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/working-memory-models","display_name":"working memory models","score":0.8080000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phonological-representation","display_name":"phonological representation","score":0.8040000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lexical-access","display_name":"lexical access","score":0.8149999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sign-language","display_name":"sign language","score":0.9539999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hearing-aids","display_name":"hearing aids","score":0.8960000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chronological-age","display_name":"chronological age","score":0.6790000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/episodic-buffer","display_name":"episodic buffer","score":0.9710000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-understanding","display_name":"speech understanding","score":0.5740000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/long-term-memory","display_name":"long-term memory","score":0.6230000257492065}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780767217","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5532421","display_name":"Generality","level":2,"score":0.7539534568786621},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.704760730266571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148934300","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40998","display_name":"Phonology","level":2,"score":0.5989968776702881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21963081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11337567","display_name":"Working memory","level":3,"score":0.5686500072479248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179226034","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18599","display_name":"Short-term memory","level":4,"score":0.5018515586853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.4973049461841583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25343380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q277521","display_name":"Relation (database)","level":2,"score":0.4477500915527344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144005721","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220986","display_name":"Baddeley's model of working memory","level":5,"score":0.42724525928497314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.41092342138290405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.37784889340400696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.34625130891799927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.33922284841537476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.26431310176849365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.23692134022712708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542102704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183257","display_name":"Psychotherapist","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000367","descriptor_name":"Age Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003071","descriptor_name":"Cognition","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006310","descriptor_name":"Hearing Aids","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006319","descriptor_name":"Hearing Loss, Sensorineural","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006319","descriptor_name":"Hearing Loss, Sensorineural","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006319","descriptor_name":"Hearing Loss, Sensorineural","qualifier_ui":"Q000534","qualifier_name":"rehabilitation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007802","descriptor_name":"Language","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008568","descriptor_name":"Memory","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008954","descriptor_name":"Models, Biological","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012048","descriptor_name":"Correction of Hearing Impairment","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012813","descriptor_name":"Sign Language","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013067","descriptor_name":"Speech Perception","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017603","descriptor_name":"Signal Detection, Psychological","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019986","descriptor_name":"Persons with Hearing Disabilities","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D032882","descriptor_name":"Comprehension","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/14992020802301167","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14992020802301167","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14992020802301167","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S170890380","display_name":"International Journal of Audiology","issn_l":"1499-2027","issn":["1499-2027","1708-8186"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Audiology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:19012117","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19012117","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International journal of audiology","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":77,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W196286962","https://openalex.org/W418318901","https://openalex.org/W564779000","https://openalex.org/W567269029","https://openalex.org/W622401404","https://openalex.org/W644604366","https://openalex.org/W1502222949","https://openalex.org/W1587670526","https://openalex.org/W1604916109","https://openalex.org/W1652832902","https://openalex.org/W1964267588","https://openalex.org/W1966219229","https://openalex.org/W1967840783","https://openalex.org/W1972695419","https://openalex.org/W1976035908","https://openalex.org/W1981220086","https://openalex.org/W1983620410","https://openalex.org/W1984568583","https://openalex.org/W1995876390","https://openalex.org/W1995949764","https://openalex.org/W1996233236","https://openalex.org/W2001627614","https://openalex.org/W2001938508","https://openalex.org/W2006586657","https://openalex.org/W2012692872","https://openalex.org/W2013101761","https://openalex.org/W2023325795","https://openalex.org/W2026992087","https://openalex.org/W2031194732","https://openalex.org/W2031446465","https://openalex.org/W2033846147","https://openalex.org/W2035505590","https://openalex.org/W2040492483","https://openalex.org/W2040522665","https://openalex.org/W2041399291","https://openalex.org/W2044145313","https://openalex.org/W2046518259","https://openalex.org/W2048958905","https://openalex.org/W2049980174","https://openalex.org/W2051444555","https://openalex.org/W2051520187","https://openalex.org/W2056032818","https://openalex.org/W2059628657","https://openalex.org/W2060414815","https://openalex.org/W2076296628","https://openalex.org/W2076325527","https://openalex.org/W2077351555","https://openalex.org/W2089106171","https://openalex.org/W2090399446","https://openalex.org/W2091350391","https://openalex.org/W2093146363","https://openalex.org/W2096971829","https://openalex.org/W2104998611","https://openalex.org/W2106378502","https://openalex.org/W2108070563","https://openalex.org/W2110628236","https://openalex.org/W2110750122","https://openalex.org/W2111056602","https://openalex.org/W2113692442","https://openalex.org/W2113892562","https://openalex.org/W2120603653","https://openalex.org/W2123271282","https://openalex.org/W2127158460","https://openalex.org/W2135704565","https://openalex.org/W2137145004","https://openalex.org/W2139763851","https://openalex.org/W2140802989","https://openalex.org/W2155659454","https://openalex.org/W2166613464","https://openalex.org/W2168562994","https://openalex.org/W2171316976","https://openalex.org/W2201699278","https://openalex.org/W2321611628","https://openalex.org/W2328570161","https://openalex.org/W4239973432","https://openalex.org/W4252438886","https://openalex.org/W4292810144"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4294000480","https://openalex.org/W582644538","https://openalex.org/W2155158173","https://openalex.org/W3118843854","https://openalex.org/W1500014557","https://openalex.org/W573506972","https://openalex.org/W2941943196","https://openalex.org/W2911712138","https://openalex.org/W2078489234","https://openalex.org/W4284885159"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"general":[1],"working":[2],"memory":[3],"system":[4,19,51,100],"for":[5],"ease":[6],"of":[7,17,37,59,122,147,152,185,191],"language":[8,134,158,165],"understanding":[9],"(ELU,":[10],"R\u00f6nnberg,":[11],"2003a)":[12],"is":[13,20,80,101],"presented.":[14],"The":[15],"purpose":[16],"the":[18,25,50,55,88,92,99,114,123,129,133,137,143,157,169,183,189],"to":[21,47,103,128,163,174],"describe":[22],"and":[23,30,57,71,75,91,142,166,168,188],"predict":[24],"dynamic":[26],"interplay":[27],"between":[28,83],"explicit":[29,110],"implicit":[31],"cognitive":[32],"functions,":[33],"especially":[34],"in":[35,62,96,161,172,177],"conditions":[36],"poorly":[38,41],"perceived":[39],"or":[40],"specified":[42],"linguistic":[43],"signals.":[44],"In":[45,113],"relation":[46,162,173],"speech":[48,89],"understanding,":[49],"based":[52],"on":[53,119],"(1)":[54],"quality":[56],"precision":[58],"phonological":[60,84,93],"representations":[61],"long-term":[63,97],"memory,":[64,98],"(2)":[65],"phonologically":[66],"mediated":[67],"lexical":[68],"access":[69],"speed,":[70],"(3)":[72],"explicit,":[73],"storage,":[74],"processing":[76,111,176],"resources.":[77,112],"If":[78],"there":[79],"a":[81,105],"mismatch":[82,106,138,170],"information":[85,94],"extracted":[86],"from":[87],"signal":[90,107,175],"represented":[95],"assumed":[102],"produce":[104],"that":[108],"invokes":[109],"present":[115],"paper,":[116],"we":[117,181],"focus":[118],"four":[120],"aspects":[121],"model":[124],"which":[125],"have":[126],"led":[127],"current,":[130],"updated":[131],"version:":[132],"generality":[135,159],"assumption;":[136,139],"chronological":[140,186],"age;":[141],"episodic":[144],"buffer":[145],"function":[146],"rapid,":[148],"automatic":[149],"multimodal":[150],"binding":[151],"phonology":[153],"(RAMBPHO).":[154],"We":[155],"evaluate":[156],"assumption":[160,171],"sign":[164],"speech,":[167],"hearing":[178],"aids.":[179],"Further,":[180],"discuss":[182],"effects":[184],"age":[187],"implications":[190],"RAMBPHO.":[192]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":25},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":28},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":31},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":47},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":39},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":37},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":33},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":43},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":34},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":32},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":35},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":28},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":17}],"updated_date":"2026-11-12T12:28:57.059296","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}