{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2019345796","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/98.2.267","title":"Formic Acid-Based Treatments for Control of Varroa destructor in a Mediterranean Area","display_name":"Formic Acid-Based Treatments for Control of Varroa destructor in a Mediterranean Area","publication_year":2005,"publication_date":"2005-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2019345796","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/98.2.267","mag":"2019345796","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15889712"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/jee/98.2.267","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/98.2.267","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/98.2.267","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S146976949","display_name":"Journal of Economic Entomology","issn_l":"0022-0493","issn":["0022-0493","1938-291X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Economic Entomology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059498371","display_name":"Alberto Satta","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1296-3835","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1296-3835"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I159650629","display_name":"University of Sassari","ror":"https://ror.org/01bnjbv91","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I159650629"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alberto Satta","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Protezione delle Piante, Sezione di Entomologia Agraria, University of Sassari, Via E. De Nicola 07100, Sassari, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Protezione delle Piante, Sezione di Entomologia Agraria, University of Sassari, Via E. De Nicola 07100, Sassari, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I159650629"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018267790","display_name":"Ignazio Floris","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1274-7147","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1274-7147"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I159650629","display_name":"University of Sassari","ror":"https://ror.org/01bnjbv91","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I159650629"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ignazio Floris","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Protezione delle Piante, Sezione di Entomologia Agraria, University of Sassari, Via E. De Nicola 07100, Sassari, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Protezione delle Piante, Sezione di Entomologia Agraria, University of Sassari, Via E. De Nicola 07100, Sassari, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I159650629"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069984952","display_name":"Mart\u00edn J. Eguaras","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6061-7924","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6061-7924"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I189075073","display_name":"National University of Mar del Plata","ror":"https://ror.org/055eqsb67","country_code":"AR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189075073"]}],"countries":["AR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Martin Eguaras","raw_affiliation_strings":["Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias Universitad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Funes 3350 (7600), Mar del Plata"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias Universitad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Funes 3350 (7600), Mar del Plata","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189075073"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029311559","display_name":"Paolo Cabras","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6153-5928","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6153-5928"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172446870","display_name":"University of Cagliari","ror":"https://ror.org/003109y17","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paolo Cabras","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Tossicologia, University of Cagliari, Viale Diaz 182-09126 Cagliari, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Tossicologia, University of Cagliari, Viale Diaz 182-09126 Cagliari, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111706135","display_name":"Vincenzo Luigi Garau","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172446870","display_name":"University of Cagliari","ror":"https://ror.org/003109y17","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vincenzo Luigi Garau","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Tossicologia, University of Cagliari, Viale Diaz 182-09126 Cagliari, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Tossicologia, University of Cagliari, Viale Diaz 182-09126 Cagliari, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110063076","display_name":"Marinella Melis","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172446870","display_name":"University of Cagliari","ror":"https://ror.org/003109y17","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marinella Melis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Tossicologia, University of Cagliari, Viale Diaz 182-09126 Cagliari, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Tossicologia, University of Cagliari, Viale Diaz 182-09126 Cagliari, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5069984952"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189075073"],"apc_list":{"value":4328,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4328},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.1962,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":66,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.76886438,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"98","issue":"2","first_page":"267","last_page":"273"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11641","display_name":"Insect and Pesticide Research","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1109","display_name":"Insect Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11641","display_name":"Insect and Pesticide Research","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1109","display_name":"Insect Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11386","display_name":"Bee Products Chemical Analysis","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1109","display_name":"Insect Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10702","display_name":"Insect and Arachnid Ecology and Behavior","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1109","display_name":"Insect Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/formic-acid","display_name":"formic acid","score":0.8799999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/varroa-destructor","display_name":"Varroa destructor","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/varroa-control","display_name":"varroosis control","score":0.9290000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mite-mortality","display_name":"mite mortality","score":0.7770000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/release-rate","display_name":"release rate","score":0.5550000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sardinia","display_name":"Sardinia","score":0.7129999995231628}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779381614","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48564","display_name":"Varroa destructor","level":3,"score":0.8664519190788269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154901010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q857628","display_name":"Apiary","level":3,"score":0.7978624105453491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114265396","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q994747","display_name":"Brood","level":2,"score":0.7216265201568604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.6784889698028564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140793950","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q168091","display_name":"Animal science","level":1,"score":0.6719061136245728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780871575","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1766457","display_name":"Varroa","level":3,"score":0.5932579040527344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777379063","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161233","display_name":"Formic acid","level":2,"score":0.582199215888977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33070731","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7218","display_name":"Toxicology","level":1,"score":0.4094200134277344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777907900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q102857","display_name":"Honey bee","level":2,"score":0.35123348236083984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.25676557421684265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.10009899735450745}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000053","descriptor_name":"Acari","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001516","descriptor_name":"Bees","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005561","descriptor_name":"Formates","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006722","descriptor_name":"Honey","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007300","descriptor_name":"Insect Control","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007306","descriptor_name":"Insecticides","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019083","descriptor_name":"Mediterranean Region","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/jee/98.2.267","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/98.2.267","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/98.2.267","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S146976949","display_name":"Journal of Economic Entomology","issn_l":"0022-0493","issn":["0022-0493","1938-291X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Economic Entomology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.1603/0022-0493-98.2.267","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1603/0022-0493-98.2.267","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1603/0022-0493-98.2.267","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S146976949","display_name":"Journal of Economic Entomology","issn_l":"0022-0493","issn":["0022-0493","1938-291X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Economic Entomology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:15889712","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15889712","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of economic entomology","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:10.1603/0022-0493-98.2.267","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.bioone.org/doi/10.1603/0022-0493-98.2.267","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402358","display_name":"BioOne Complete (BioOne)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210111627","host_organization_name":"BioOne","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210111627"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:iris.unica.it:11584/101731","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11584/101731","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196293","display_name":"UNICA IRIS Institutional Research Information System (University of Cagliari)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I172446870","host_organization_name":"University of Cagliari","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:iris.uniss.it:11388/78951","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11388/78951","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401147","display_name":"UnissResearch (Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Sassari)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I159650629","host_organization_name":"University of Sassari","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I159650629"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326069","display_name":"Regione Autonoma della Sardegna","ror":"https://ror.org/041vg2t58"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1985504839","https://openalex.org/W1990675080","https://openalex.org/W2000884954","https://openalex.org/W2035031199","https://openalex.org/W2037230598","https://openalex.org/W2063643817","https://openalex.org/W2074747133","https://openalex.org/W2095239682","https://openalex.org/W2110267230","https://openalex.org/W2118052449","https://openalex.org/W2128229310","https://openalex.org/W2156045455","https://openalex.org/W2174813247","https://openalex.org/W2176487827","https://openalex.org/W2297353421","https://openalex.org/W2330607919","https://openalex.org/W2341364100","https://openalex.org/W2341552677","https://openalex.org/W2466854347","https://openalex.org/W2506328777","https://openalex.org/W2772075053","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7217334810","https://openalex.org/W2779554221","https://openalex.org/W2038167751","https://openalex.org/W2978796153","https://openalex.org/W4389673939","https://openalex.org/W3208306837","https://openalex.org/W6990713066","https://openalex.org/W3164656405","https://openalex.org/W2174721066","https://openalex.org/W2472636139"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Two":[0],"formic":[1,71,129],"acid":[2,72,130,209],"autumnal":[3],"treatments,":[4],"gel":[5,75],"packets":[6],"(BeeVar":[7],"formulation)":[8],"and":[9,27,59,104,109,112,121,221,229,250,262],"impregnated":[10],"paperwick":[11],"(Liebig-Dispenser),":[12],"were":[13,40,217],"tested":[14],"in":[15,30,32,42,118,154,211,214],"apiary":[16,44],"to":[17,205,246],"evaluate":[18],"their":[19,28],"effectiveness":[20],"against":[21],"Varroa":[22],"destructor":[23],"Anderson":[24],"&":[25],"Trueman":[26],"residues":[29,210,244],"honey":[31,212,257],"a":[33,78],"Mediterranean":[34],"region":[35],"(Sardinia,":[36],"Italy).":[37],"Both":[38],"treatments":[39],"efficient":[41],"the":[43,47,74,88,116,119,136,155,160,164,175,178,183,193,206,215,227,230,238,241,243,256,260],"control":[45,194],"of":[46,51,53,70,97,128,171,177,182,192,240],"varroosis,":[48],"with":[49,87,159],"values":[50],"percentage":[52],"mite":[54],"mortality":[55,151,198],"ranging":[56],"between":[57,64,101],"93.6":[58],"100%,":[60],"without":[61],"statistical":[62],"differences":[63],"them.":[65],"The":[66,95,125],"more":[67],"gradual":[68],"release":[69],"from":[73,107,115,190,237,259],"application":[76],"allowed":[77],"longer":[79],"action":[80],"(2":[81],"wk":[82],"for":[83,92,143,226,255],"each":[84,93],"treatment)":[85],"compared":[86,158],"Liebig-Dispenser":[89,263],"(approximately":[90],"3d":[91],"treatment).":[94],"rate":[96],"daily":[98],"evaporation":[99],"ranged":[100],"approximately":[102,110,140],"5":[103],"9":[105],"g/d":[106,114],"BeeVar":[108,166,261],"26":[111],"35":[113],"Liebig-Dispenser,":[117],"first":[120],"second":[122],"treatment,":[123,242],"respectively.":[124,233,265],"total":[126],"amount":[127],"administered":[131],"per":[132],"hive":[133],"during":[134],"all":[135],"treatment":[137,167],"period":[138],"was":[139,152,186,202],"200":[141],"g":[142],"either":[144],"treatment.":[145],"A":[146],"significantly":[147,188],"higher":[148],"adult":[149],"bee":[150],"recorded":[153],"Liebig-Dispenser-treated":[156,184,231],"hives":[157,185],"BeeVar-treated":[161],"group.":[162],"On":[163],"contrary,":[165],"produced":[168],"an":[169],"interruption":[170],"brood":[172,180],"reared,":[173],"whereas":[174],"extension":[176],"sealed":[179],"area":[181],"not":[187],"different":[189],"that":[191],"hives.":[195],"Neither":[196],"queen":[197],"nor":[199],"robbing":[200],"activity":[201],"observed":[203],"due":[204],"treatments.":[207],"Formic":[208],"collected":[213],"nest":[216],"3,855":[218],"+/-":[219,223,248,252],"2,061":[220],"3,030":[222],"1,624":[224],"mg/kg":[225,254],"BeeVar-":[228],"hives,":[232],"After":[234],"21":[235],"d":[236],"end":[239],"fell":[245],"1,261":[247],"1,054":[249],"794":[251],"518":[253],"sampled":[258],"groups,":[264]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
