{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2019298261","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jue.2008.10.002","title":"Motorization in developing countries: Causes, consequences, and effectiveness of policy options","display_name":"Motorization in developing countries: Causes, consequences, and effectiveness of policy options","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-10-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2019298261","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jue.2008.10.002","mag":"2019298261"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.jue.2008.10.002","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jue.2008.10.002","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jue.2008.10.002","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S147692640","display_name":"Journal of Urban Economics","issn_l":"0094-1190","issn":["0094-1190","1095-9068"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Urban Economics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004986626","display_name":"Mark Kutzbach","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0347-2896","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0347-2896"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204250578","display_name":"University of California, Irvine","ror":"https://ror.org/04gyf1771","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mark J. Kutzbach","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, Irvine, Department of Economics, 3151 Social Science Plaza, Irvine, CA 92697-5100, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Irvine, Department of Economics, 3151 Social Science Plaza, Irvine, CA 92697-5100, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5004986626"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"],"apc_list":{"value":5080,"currency":"USD","value_usd":5080},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":7.3575,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":77,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96204854,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"65","issue":"2","first_page":"154","last_page":"166"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10698","display_name":"Transportation Planning and Optimization","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10698","display_name":"Transportation Planning and Optimization","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10298","display_name":"Urban Transport and Accessibility","score":0.0010999999940395355,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11942","display_name":"Transportation and Mobility Innovations","score":0.0008999999845400453,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/motorization","display_name":"motorization","score":0.9660000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/car-use","display_name":"car use","score":0.925000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bus-use","display_name":"bus utilization","score":0.9039999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mode-choice","display_name":"mode choice","score":0.906000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/developing-countries","display_name":"developing countries","score":0.7319999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/income-inequality","display_name":"income inequality","score":0.8220000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/traffic-congestion","display_name":"traffic congestion","score":0.9309999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/congestion-pricing","display_name":"congestion pricing","score":0.7559999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tolling","display_name":"tolling","score":0.4729999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/consumer-surplus","display_name":"consumer surplus","score":0.7760000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-transport-policy","display_name":"urban transport policy","score":0.699999988079071}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778025104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408004","display_name":"Toll","level":2,"score":0.7419614791870117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776017872","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3226683","display_name":"Mode choice","level":3,"score":0.5992579460144043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127598652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q558635","display_name":"Per capita","level":3,"score":0.5580694675445557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83864248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177323","display_name":"Developing country","level":2,"score":0.5283280611038208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.5176571011543274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48677424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888088","display_name":"Mode (computer interface)","level":2,"score":0.46327564120292664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779888511","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q244156","display_name":"Traffic congestion","level":2,"score":0.4513593316078186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780378061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25351891","display_name":"Service (business)","level":2,"score":0.4373059868812561},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22212356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775325","display_name":"Transport engineering","level":1,"score":0.365220308303833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.361322283744812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C539828613","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178512","display_name":"Public transport","level":2,"score":0.3533953130245209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.19457337260246277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.14940539002418518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.13672834634780884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136264566","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159810","display_name":"Economy","level":1,"score":0.10887274146080017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.jue.2008.10.002","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jue.2008.10.002","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jue.2008.10.002","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S147692640","display_name":"Journal of Urban Economics","issn_l":"0094-1190","issn":["0094-1190","1095-9068"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Urban Economics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:eee:juecon:v:65:y:2009:i:2:p:154-166","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0094-1190(08)00110-1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":1.0},{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.7390999794006348},{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.7207000255584717}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":43,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W563169617","https://openalex.org/W609676676","https://openalex.org/W789091059","https://openalex.org/W820267753","https://openalex.org/W1480400613","https://openalex.org/W1513323743","https://openalex.org/W1528228139","https://openalex.org/W1551706628","https://openalex.org/W1565709869","https://openalex.org/W1570140053","https://openalex.org/W1591837838","https://openalex.org/W1817110548","https://openalex.org/W1979749010","https://openalex.org/W1980547778","https://openalex.org/W1991572298","https://openalex.org/W1996182165","https://openalex.org/W2010645061","https://openalex.org/W2026994545","https://openalex.org/W2029116596","https://openalex.org/W2035225386","https://openalex.org/W2035464508","https://openalex.org/W2060601723","https://openalex.org/W2060932870","https://openalex.org/W2067492572","https://openalex.org/W2083604084","https://openalex.org/W2084927270","https://openalex.org/W2093831793","https://openalex.org/W2094451629","https://openalex.org/W2102540623","https://openalex.org/W2110990250","https://openalex.org/W2114921595","https://openalex.org/W2121493731","https://openalex.org/W2133569673","https://openalex.org/W2148675284","https://openalex.org/W2312869057","https://openalex.org/W2571093283","https://openalex.org/W3125003758","https://openalex.org/W3125711278","https://openalex.org/W4230090797","https://openalex.org/W6623197352","https://openalex.org/W6633924931","https://openalex.org/W6645389497","https://openalex.org/W6680006950"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W616122113","https://openalex.org/W2326435798","https://openalex.org/W1480400613","https://openalex.org/W3211423314","https://openalex.org/W641194172","https://openalex.org/W2312599324","https://openalex.org/W1848243444","https://openalex.org/W2582652501","https://openalex.org/W3176776256","https://openalex.org/W2091870159"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}