{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2018983706","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1143/jjap.48.011502","title":"Liquid Crystal Orientation Mechanism and Tilt Angle Transition Behavior on Homeotropic Polymer Surfaces due to Ion Beam Treatment","display_name":"Liquid Crystal Orientation Mechanism and Tilt Angle Transition Behavior on Homeotropic Polymer Surfaces due to Ion Beam Treatment","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2018983706","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1143/jjap.48.011502","mag":"2018983706"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1143/jjap.48.011502","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1143/jjap.48.011502","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1143/jjap.48.011502","pdf_url":"https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1143/JJAP.48.011502/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S143744711","display_name":"Japanese Journal of Applied Physics","issn_l":"0021-4922","issn":["0021-4922","1347-4065"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311669","host_organization_name":"Institute of Physics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311669"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Japanese Journal of Applied Physics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1143/JJAP.48.011502/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049965492","display_name":"Sang-Keuk Lee","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193775966","display_name":"Yonsei University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wjejq96","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sang-Keuk Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, 262 Seongsanno, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea","Yonsei university"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, 262 Seongsanno, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Yonsei university","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086582073","display_name":"Byeong\u2010Yun Oh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6638-8947","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6638-8947"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193775966","display_name":"Yonsei University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wjejq96","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Byeong-Yun Oh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, 262 Seongsanno, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea","Yonsei university"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, 262 Seongsanno, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Yonsei university","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100617712","display_name":"Young Hwan Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6549-3649","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6549-3649"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193775966","display_name":"Yonsei University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wjejq96","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Young-Hwan Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, 262 Seongsanno, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea","Yonsei university"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, 262 Seongsanno, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Yonsei university","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109249943","display_name":"Chul-Ho Ok","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193775966","display_name":"Yonsei University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wjejq96","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chul-Ho Ok","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, 262 Seongsanno, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea","Yonsei university"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, 262 Seongsanno, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Yonsei university","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111669414","display_name":"Byoung-Yong Kim","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193775966","display_name":"Yonsei University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wjejq96","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Byoung-Yong Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, 262 Seongsanno, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea","Yonsei university"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, 262 Seongsanno, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Yonsei university","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110463594","display_name":"Jeong-Yeon Hwang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149910238","display_name":"Kent State University","ror":"https://ror.org/049pfb863","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149910238"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jeong-Yeon Hwang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Liquid Crystal Institute, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242, U.S.A"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Liquid Crystal Institute, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149910238"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050989463","display_name":"Dae\u2010Shik Seo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6709-2996","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6709-2996"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193775966","display_name":"Yonsei University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wjejq96","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dae-Shik Seo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, 262 Seongsanno, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea","Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, 262 Seongsanno, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2210,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2210},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2711,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.5054321,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":92},"biblio":{"volume":"48","issue":"1R","first_page":"011502","last_page":"011502"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10306","display_name":"Liquid Crystal Research Advancements","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2504","display_name":"Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10306","display_name":"Liquid Crystal Research Advancements","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2504","display_name":"Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12166","display_name":"Ion-surface interactions and analysis","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2508","display_name":"Surfaces, Coatings and Films"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12224","display_name":"Nanofabrication and Lithography Techniques","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2508","display_name":"Surfaces, Coatings and Films"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/liquid-crystal-alignment","display_name":"liquid crystal alignment","score":0.8090000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tilt-angle","display_name":"tilt angle","score":0.7689999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/homeotropic-alignment","display_name":"homeotropic alignment","score":0.9210000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polyimide-alignment-layer","display_name":"polyimide alignment layer","score":0.7680000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ion-irradiation","display_name":"ion irradiation","score":0.8930000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dipole-dipole-interaction","display_name":"dipole-dipole interaction","score":0.9269999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/c-o-bonding","display_name":"C\u2013O bonding","score":0.8209999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/threshold-voltage","display_name":"threshold voltage","score":0.8349999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/response-time","display_name":"response time","score":0.7699999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polymer-surface-modification","display_name":"polymer surface modification","score":0.4749999940395355}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82621660","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17030602","display_name":"Homeotropic alignment","level":3,"score":0.8343925476074219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779844322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2919140","display_name":"Tilt (camera)","level":2,"score":0.7263056039810181},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111337013","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2737837","display_name":"Irradiation","level":2,"score":0.6641845703125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.6081821322441101},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6556556","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899239","display_name":"Contact angle","level":2,"score":0.5164928436279297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13274807","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q203989","display_name":"Liquid crystal","level":2,"score":0.4842038154602051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175708663","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899559","display_name":"X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy","level":2,"score":0.48008209466934204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145148216","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36496","display_name":"Ion","level":2,"score":0.44374731183052063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50774322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q644248","display_name":"Ion beam","level":3,"score":0.438088059425354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.42913100123405457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173523689","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q215589","display_name":"Dipole","level":2,"score":0.4201425313949585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41999313","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q489328","display_name":"Molecular physics","level":1,"score":0.4009355902671814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168834538","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3705329","display_name":"Beam (structure)","level":2,"score":0.386932909488678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.32735955715179443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46141821","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q209402","display_name":"Nuclear magnetic resonance","level":1,"score":0.1837613880634308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.15902650356292725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.13618886470794678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.06369882822036743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185544564","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81197","display_name":"Nuclear physics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1143/jjap.48.011502","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1143/jjap.48.011502","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1143/jjap.48.011502","pdf_url":"https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1143/JJAP.48.011502/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S143744711","display_name":"Japanese Journal of Applied Physics","issn_l":"0021-4922","issn":["0021-4922","1347-4065"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311669","host_organization_name":"Institute of Physics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311669"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Japanese Journal of Applied Physics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1143/jjap.48.011502","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1143/jjap.48.011502","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1143/jjap.48.011502","pdf_url":"https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1143/JJAP.48.011502/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S143744711","display_name":"Japanese Journal of Applied Physics","issn_l":"0021-4922","issn":["0021-4922","1347-4065"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311669","host_organization_name":"Institute of Physics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311669"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Japanese Journal of Applied Physics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2018983706.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2018983706.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1601763431","https://openalex.org/W1970285525","https://openalex.org/W1977428590","https://openalex.org/W1995056716","https://openalex.org/W1999892864","https://openalex.org/W2002523639","https://openalex.org/W2006519638","https://openalex.org/W2008752792","https://openalex.org/W2009562338","https://openalex.org/W2016131628","https://openalex.org/W2020459748","https://openalex.org/W2029016808","https://openalex.org/W2030798393","https://openalex.org/W2032868632","https://openalex.org/W2033875404","https://openalex.org/W2039052629","https://openalex.org/W2039540742","https://openalex.org/W2040853443","https://openalex.org/W2054487105","https://openalex.org/W2067216936","https://openalex.org/W2070832368","https://openalex.org/W2074725804","https://openalex.org/W2082383373","https://openalex.org/W2089190347","https://openalex.org/W2092714058","https://openalex.org/W2132705193","https://openalex.org/W2140166383"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2211924120","https://openalex.org/W252254101","https://openalex.org/W2007956215","https://openalex.org/W2032628885","https://openalex.org/W1965326156","https://openalex.org/W2165430475","https://openalex.org/W1935143659","https://openalex.org/W2072432049","https://openalex.org/W2046842379","https://openalex.org/W3082900282"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,24],"examined":[1],"the":[2,6,27,41,48,65,80,100,109,125,138,142,147,155,169],"transition":[3],"behavior":[4,114,166],"of":[5,17,40,50,54,75,79,83,99,118],"tilt":[7,38,112,170],"angle":[8,74,90,107,113,121],"on":[9],"homeotropic":[10,66],"polyimide":[11],"(PI)":[12],"surfaces":[13,44],"as":[14,52,115],"a":[15,116,163],"function":[16,117],"ion":[18],"beam":[19],"(IB)":[20],"irradiation":[21,56,134],"incident":[22,59,73,89,106,120],"angle.":[23,60,171],"also":[25],"investigated":[26],"liquid":[28],"crystal":[29],"(LC)":[30],"orientation":[31],"mechanism":[32],"by":[33],"X-ray":[34],"photoelectron":[35],"spectroscopy.":[36],"The":[37,61,77,111,129],"angles":[39],"IB-irradiated":[42],"PI":[43],"were":[45,176],"controlled":[46],"in":[47],"range":[49],"82\u201390\u00b0":[51],"functions":[53],"IB":[55,72,88,105,119,133,183],"time":[57,174],"and":[58,146],"largest":[62],"deviation":[63],"from":[64],"alignment":[67,131,157],"was":[68,91,108,122,135,160],"achieved":[69],"at":[70],"an":[71,94],"45\u00b0.":[76],"plot":[78],"atomic":[81,126],"percentage":[82,127],"C\u2013O":[84,143],"binding":[85,102],"energy":[86,103],"versus":[87,104],"shaped":[92],"like":[93],"upward-pointing":[95],"triangle,":[96],"while":[97],"that":[98],"C=O":[101],"reverse.":[110],"similar":[123],"to":[124,137,168],"behavior.":[128],"LC":[130,148],"with":[132,162,182],"due":[136],"dipole\u2013dipole":[139],"interaction":[140],"between":[141],"single":[144],"bonds":[145],"molecules.":[149],"An":[150],"excellent":[151],"voltage\u2013transmittance":[152],"curve":[153],"for":[154,178],"vertical":[156],"(VA)-LC":[158],"cells":[159,180],"observed":[161],"threshold":[164],"voltage":[165],"related":[167],"Suitable":[172],"response":[173],"characteristics":[175],"measured":[177],"VA-LC":[179],"treated":[181],"irradiation.":[184]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}