{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2018735917","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/agpr.2007.386527","title":"Low Frequency GPR in Difficult Terrain","display_name":"Low Frequency GPR in Difficult Terrain","publication_year":2007,"publication_date":"2007-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2018735917","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/agpr.2007.386527","mag":"2018735917"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/agpr.2007.386527","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/agpr.2007.386527","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/agpr.2007.386527","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306420275","display_name":"International Workshop on Advanced Ground Penetrating Radar","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2007 4th International Workshop on, Advanced Ground Penetrating Radar","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-paper","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043240676","display_name":"Mario Carnevale","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Carnevale","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hager GeoScience, Inc., 596 Main Street, Woburn, MA, USA, mcarnevale@hagergeoscience.com"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hager GeoScience, Inc., 596 Main Street, Woburn, MA, USA, mcarnevale@hagergeoscience.com","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080115721","display_name":"Jutta L. Hager","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. Hager","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hager GeoScience, Inc., Wobum, MA, USA","Hager GeoScience, Inc., 596 Main Street, Woburn, MA, USA, jhager@hagergeoscience.com"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hager GeoScience, Inc., Wobum, MA, USA","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hager GeoScience, Inc., 596 Main Street, Woburn, MA, USA, jhager@hagergeoscience.com","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.14296064,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"68","last_page":"73"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11609","display_name":"Geophysical Methods and Applications","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1908","display_name":"Geophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11609","display_name":"Geophysical Methods and Applications","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1908","display_name":"Geophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10572","display_name":"Geophysical and Geoelectrical Methods","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1908","display_name":"Geophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10233","display_name":"Geotechnical Engineering and Soil Mechanics","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/difficult-terrain","display_name":"difficult terrain","score":0.8700000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/slope-stability","display_name":"slope stability","score":0.49399998784065247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/retaining-wall-failure","display_name":"retaining wall failure","score":0.9129999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seismic-refraction","display_name":"seismic refraction","score":0.9120000004768372}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137527640","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q570309","display_name":"Bedrock","level":2,"score":0.9399570226669312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71813955","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q503560","display_name":"Ground-penetrating radar","level":3,"score":0.9303918480873108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161840515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186131","display_name":"Terrain","level":2,"score":0.8627705574035645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.7238835692405701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.5711918473243713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.5565718412399292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165205528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83371","display_name":"Seismology","level":1,"score":0.4409351646900177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84174578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q889796","display_name":"Surface wave","level":2,"score":0.41157710552215576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114793014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52109","display_name":"Geomorphology","level":1,"score":0.2574995160102844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.1555018126964569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.10723680257797241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.09189364314079285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/agpr.2007.386527","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/agpr.2007.386527","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/agpr.2007.386527","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306420275","display_name":"International Workshop on Advanced Ground Penetrating Radar","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2007 4th International Workshop on, Advanced Ground Penetrating Radar","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4000000059604645,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":4,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2040911793","https://openalex.org/W2076094691","https://openalex.org/W2330514660","https://openalex.org/W4256493751"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W201621041","https://openalex.org/W2568688880","https://openalex.org/W4408441498","https://openalex.org/W1904607490","https://openalex.org/W3021399522","https://openalex.org/W3217606625","https://openalex.org/W2887437281","https://openalex.org/W2147856332","https://openalex.org/W2102601706","https://openalex.org/W7125701089"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Many":[0],"subsurface":[1],"investigations":[2,139],"are":[3],"requested":[4],"in":[5,32,58,81],"areas":[6],"unsuitable":[7],"for":[8],"most":[9],"geophysical":[10],"methods.":[11,42],"In":[12,27,62],"some":[13],"instances,":[14,29],"difficult":[15,60],"terrain":[16],"prevents":[17],"surface":[18,79,93,137],"coupling":[19],"with":[20,85,94],"transmitters,":[21],"receivers,":[22],"or":[23],"other":[24,28],"instrumental":[25],"components.":[26],"such":[30],"as":[31],"urban":[33,83],"areas,":[34],"spatial":[35],"restrictions":[36],"prohibit":[37],"the":[38,68,86,125,145],"use":[39],"of":[40,70,97],"seismic":[41],"Ground":[43],"penetrating":[44],"radar":[45],"(GPR)":[46],"is":[47],"one":[48],"method":[49],"that":[50],"can":[51],"be":[52],"used":[53],"to":[54,74,123,142,150],"attempt":[55],"data":[56,147],"collection":[57],"these":[59],"areas.":[61],"this":[63],"paper,":[64],"we":[65],"will":[66],"demonstrate":[67],"application":[69],"low":[71],"frequency":[72],"GPR":[73,146],"map":[75],"a":[76,95,102,108],"sloping":[77,91],"bedrock":[78,92,152],"configuration":[80],"an":[82,130],"setting":[84],"aforementioned":[87],"site":[88],"limitations.":[89],"The":[90],"relief":[96],"approximately":[98],"21.5":[99],"meters":[100],"underlies":[101],"stabilized":[103],"slide":[104,126],"area":[105],"resulting":[106],"from":[107],"failed":[109],"retaining":[110],"wall.":[111],"40-MHz":[112],"and":[113,128,136,149],"100-MHz":[114],"antenna":[115],"systems":[116],"were":[117,140],"employed":[118],"on":[119],"boulder":[120],"rip-rap":[121],"(used":[122],"stabilize":[124],"area)":[127],"within":[129],"apartment":[131],"house":[132],"complex.":[133],"Seismic":[134],"refraction":[135],"wave":[138],"performed":[141],"help":[143],"constrain":[144],"interpretation":[148],"provide":[151],"integrity":[153],"information.":[154]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}