{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2018679941","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0894-1777(91)90035-p","title":"Comparison of beta-ray and gamma-ray transmission methods for measurement of frost density distribution","display_name":"Comparison of beta-ray and gamma-ray transmission methods for measurement of frost density distribution","publication_year":1991,"publication_date":"1991-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2018679941","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0894-1777(91)90035-p","mag":"2018679941"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/0894-1777(91)90035-p","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0894-1777(91)90035-p","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0894-1777(91)90035-p","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S130017051","display_name":"Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science","issn_l":"0894-1777","issn":["0894-1777","1879-2286"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110130056","display_name":"T.Y. Bong","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165932596","display_name":"National University of Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/01tgyzw49","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"T.Y. Bong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111597332","display_name":"Nihal E. Wijeysundera","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165932596","display_name":"National University of Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/01tgyzw49","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"N.E. Wijeysundera","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113555471","display_name":"E. L. Saw","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165932596","display_name":"National University of Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/01tgyzw49","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"E.L. Saw","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052577167","display_name":"K.O. Lau","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K.O. Lau","raw_affiliation_strings":["Singapore Institute of Standards and Industrial Research, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Singapore Institute of Standards and Industrial Research, Singapore","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5111597332"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"],"apc_list":{"value":3720,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3720},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.4479,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.82889049,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":"5","first_page":"567","last_page":"576"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12537","display_name":"Flow Measurement and Analysis","score":0.22669999301433563,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3105","display_name":"Instrumentation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12537","display_name":"Flow Measurement and Analysis","score":0.22669999301433563,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3105","display_name":"Instrumentation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12696","display_name":"Icing and De-icing Technologies","score":0.12120000272989273,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11949","display_name":"Nuclear Physics and Applications","score":0.0723000019788742,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3108","display_name":"Radiation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gamma-ray-transmission","display_name":"gamma-ray transmission","score":0.9789999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiation-attenuation","display_name":"radiation attenuation","score":0.8159999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/strontium-90","display_name":"strontium-90","score":0.9129999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/americium-241","display_name":"americium-241","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vertical-tube","display_name":"vertical tube","score":0.6169999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-convection","display_name":"natural convection","score":0.7580000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/moist-air","display_name":"humid air","score":0.8320000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/measurement-uncertainty","display_name":"measurement uncertainty","score":0.671999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frost-layer","display_name":"frost layer","score":0.5450000166893005}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184652730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2357982","display_name":"Attenuation","level":2,"score":0.773398756980896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7910260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11523","display_name":"Gamma ray","level":2,"score":0.6894980072975159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4988496","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1135221","display_name":"Frost (temperature)","level":2,"score":0.5647695064544678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6385141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5170558","display_name":"Coring","level":3,"score":0.5379571914672852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163688568","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q103531","display_name":"Beta particle","level":2,"score":0.5376547574996948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776174256","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830842","display_name":"BETA (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.49672824144363403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153385146","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18335","display_name":"Radiation","level":2,"score":0.44866666197776794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.4163247346878052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.41328638792037964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30475298","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q909554","display_name":"Computational physics","level":1,"score":0.3696092367172241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.3418867290019989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185544564","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81197","display_name":"Nuclear physics","level":1,"score":0.2280789017677307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.17160984873771667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25197100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q890886","display_name":"Drilling","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191897082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467","display_name":"Metallurgy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/0894-1777(91)90035-p","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0894-1777(91)90035-p","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0894-1777(91)90035-p","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S130017051","display_name":"Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science","issn_l":"0894-1777","issn":["0894-1777","1879-2286"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:scholarbank.nus.edu.sg:10635/58005","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://scholarbank.nus.edu.sg/handle/10635/58005","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407052290","display_name":"National University of Singapore","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Scopus","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W172773193","https://openalex.org/W201248705","https://openalex.org/W211454060","https://openalex.org/W628072038","https://openalex.org/W1974229254","https://openalex.org/W1989417786","https://openalex.org/W1994212835","https://openalex.org/W2036493695","https://openalex.org/W2043923447","https://openalex.org/W2056754315","https://openalex.org/W2061839811","https://openalex.org/W2094470720","https://openalex.org/W2114778437","https://openalex.org/W2150541667","https://openalex.org/W2249813030","https://openalex.org/W2317618664","https://openalex.org/W2742275219","https://openalex.org/W2742418718","https://openalex.org/W3193441607","https://openalex.org/W3214235458","https://openalex.org/W6608161079","https://openalex.org/W6674249539","https://openalex.org/W6827389142","https://openalex.org/W7002120553"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2618009387","https://openalex.org/W2130223259","https://openalex.org/W5451650","https://openalex.org/W2111589351","https://openalex.org/W4206584375","https://openalex.org/W2281270397","https://openalex.org/W215781972","https://openalex.org/W3172097857","https://openalex.org/W3024611782","https://openalex.org/W754936345"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}