{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2018560042","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.96.26.15026","title":"The mating-type and pathogenicity locus of the fungus Ustilago hordei spans a 500-kb region","display_name":"The mating-type and pathogenicity locus of the fungus Ustilago hordei spans a 500-kb region","publication_year":1999,"publication_date":"1999-12-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2018560042","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.96.26.15026","mag":"2018560042","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10611332","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/24767"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1073/pnas.96.26.15026","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.96.26.15026","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.96.26.15026","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S125754415","display_name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","issn_l":"0027-8424","issn":["0027-8424","1091-6490"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320052","host_organization_name":"National Academy of Sciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320052"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["National Academy of Sciences"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://europepmc.org/pmc/articles/PMC24767","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024216842","display_name":"Nancy Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6663-0713","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6663-0713"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141945490","display_name":"University of British Columbia","ror":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I23732399","display_name":"Montana State University","ror":"https://ror.org/02w0trx84","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I23732399","https://openalex.org/I4210126032"]}],"countries":["CA","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nancy Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Biotechnology Laboratory, Departments of Microbiology and Immunology, and Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z3; and Department of Plant Sciences, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717-3150"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biotechnology Laboratory, Departments of Microbiology and Immunology, and Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z3; and Department of Plant Sciences, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717-3150","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490","https://openalex.org/I23732399"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077529996","display_name":"Guus Bakkeren","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3065-6989","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3065-6989"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141945490","display_name":"University of British Columbia","ror":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I23732399","display_name":"Montana State University","ror":"https://ror.org/02w0trx84","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I23732399","https://openalex.org/I4210126032"]}],"countries":["CA","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guus Bakkeren","raw_affiliation_strings":["Biotechnology Laboratory, Departments of Microbiology and Immunology, and Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z3; and Department of Plant Sciences, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717-3150"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biotechnology Laboratory, Departments of Microbiology and Immunology, and Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z3; and Department of Plant Sciences, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717-3150","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490","https://openalex.org/I23732399"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Katherine Wong","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141945490","display_name":"University of British Columbia","ror":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I23732399","display_name":"Montana State University","ror":"https://ror.org/02w0trx84","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I23732399","https://openalex.org/I4210126032"]}],"countries":["CA","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Katherine Wong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Biotechnology Laboratory, Departments of Microbiology and Immunology, and Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z3; and Department of Plant Sciences, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717-3150"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biotechnology Laboratory, Departments of Microbiology and Immunology, and Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z3; and Department of Plant Sciences, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717-3150","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490","https://openalex.org/I23732399"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"John E. Sherwood","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141945490","display_name":"University of British Columbia","ror":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I23732399","display_name":"Montana State University","ror":"https://ror.org/02w0trx84","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I23732399","https://openalex.org/I4210126032"]}],"countries":["CA","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John E. Sherwood","raw_affiliation_strings":["Biotechnology Laboratory, Departments of Microbiology and Immunology, and Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z3; and Department of Plant Sciences, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717-3150"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biotechnology Laboratory, Departments of Microbiology and Immunology, and Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z3; and Department of Plant Sciences, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717-3150","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490","https://openalex.org/I23732399"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033642835","display_name":"James W. Kronstad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4240-6976","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4240-6976"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141945490","display_name":"University of British Columbia","ror":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I23732399","display_name":"Montana State University","ror":"https://ror.org/02w0trx84","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I23732399","https://openalex.org/I4210126032"]}],"countries":["CA","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"James W. Kronstad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Biotechnology Laboratory, Departments of Microbiology and Immunology, and Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z3; and Department of Plant Sciences, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717-3150"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biotechnology Laboratory, Departments of Microbiology and Immunology, and Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z3; and Department of Plant Sciences, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717-3150","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490","https://openalex.org/I23732399"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.0857,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":116,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74435956,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"96","issue":"26","first_page":"15026","last_page":"15031"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10497","display_name":"Fungal and yeast genetics research","score":0.9179999828338623,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10497","display_name":"Fungal and yeast genetics research","score":0.9179999828338623,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10733","display_name":"Wheat and Barley Genetics and Pathology","score":0.026100000366568565,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12668","display_name":"Yeasts and Rust Fungi Studies","score":0.01769999973475933,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ustilago-hordei","display_name":"Ustilago hordei","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mating-type-locus","display_name":"mating-type locus","score":0.7839999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pathogenicity-locus","display_name":"pathogenicity locus","score":0.9079999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mat1","display_name":"MAT1","score":0.6700000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/covered-smut","display_name":"covered smut","score":0.6119999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/barley","display_name":"barley","score":0.7089999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oat","display_name":"oat","score":0.9210000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/restriction-fragment-length-polymorphism","display_name":"restriction fragment length polymorphism","score":0.5379999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sequence-inversion","display_name":"sequence inversion","score":0.7879999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/recombination-suppression","display_name":"recombination suppression","score":0.8069999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antibiotic-resistance-markers","display_name":"antibiotic resistance markers","score":0.6269999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phleomycin","display_name":"phleomycin","score":0.8759999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hygromycin","display_name":"hygromycin","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chromosome-homology","display_name":"chromosome homology","score":0.6050000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sex-chromosomes","display_name":"sex chromosomes","score":0.6069999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fungal-genetics","display_name":"fungal genetics","score":0.5360000133514404}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.8706083297729492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84597430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q106227","display_name":"Locus (genetics)","level":3,"score":0.862369179725647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781222273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2361375","display_name":"Ustilago","level":3,"score":0.8585054874420166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.7390113472938538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.6373866200447083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198348125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q781214","display_name":"Mating type","level":3,"score":0.6239223480224609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60987743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1460232","display_name":"Virulence","level":3,"score":0.46235570311546326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62130838","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5196163","display_name":"Pathogenicity island","level":4,"score":0.4207513630390167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779678110","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q764","display_name":"Fungus","level":2,"score":0.41299593448638916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.17367523908615112}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000072235","descriptor_name":"Mating Factor","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001467","descriptor_name":"Hordeum","qualifier_ui":"Q000382","qualifier_name":"microbiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002874","descriptor_name":"Chromosome Mapping","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005800","descriptor_name":"Genes, Fungal","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010455","descriptor_name":"Peptides","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010935","descriptor_name":"Plant Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011995","descriptor_name":"Recombination, Genetic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012098","descriptor_name":"Reproduction","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014588","descriptor_name":"Ustilago","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014588","descriptor_name":"Ustilago","qualifier_ui":"Q000472","qualifier_name":"pathogenicity","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015825","descriptor_name":"Chromosomes, Fungal","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016521","descriptor_name":"Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018554","descriptor_name":"Avena","qualifier_ui":"Q000382","qualifier_name":"microbiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D049770","descriptor_name":"Genes, Mating Type, Fungal","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1073/pnas.96.26.15026","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.96.26.15026","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.96.26.15026","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S125754415","display_name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","issn_l":"0027-8424","issn":["0027-8424","1091-6490"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320052","host_organization_name":"National Academy of Sciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320052"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["National Academy of Sciences"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:191356","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://europepmc.org/pmc/articles/PMC24767","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:24767","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/24767","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:10611332","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10611332","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:191356","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://europepmc.org/pmc/articles/PMC24767","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.40450000762939453,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","display_name":"Zero hunger"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1827561550","https://openalex.org/W1866961380","https://openalex.org/W1911395125","https://openalex.org/W1927083604","https://openalex.org/W1970327593","https://openalex.org/W1995296125","https://openalex.org/W2021353663","https://openalex.org/W2028833103","https://openalex.org/W2031168303","https://openalex.org/W2032927339","https://openalex.org/W2038277427","https://openalex.org/W2044657061","https://openalex.org/W2050624333","https://openalex.org/W2062358366","https://openalex.org/W2065852287","https://openalex.org/W2069053494","https://openalex.org/W2073222581","https://openalex.org/W2074602563","https://openalex.org/W2075258858","https://openalex.org/W2078487164","https://openalex.org/W2084650631","https://openalex.org/W2085422902","https://openalex.org/W2088440825","https://openalex.org/W2095698732","https://openalex.org/W2109090731","https://openalex.org/W2110347480","https://openalex.org/W2113198743","https://openalex.org/W2124879478","https://openalex.org/W2125142272","https://openalex.org/W2138432951","https://openalex.org/W2138995111","https://openalex.org/W2164679491","https://openalex.org/W2187397206","https://openalex.org/W2209333198","https://openalex.org/W2331958521","https://openalex.org/W2487030116"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2344977391","https://openalex.org/W1911395125","https://openalex.org/W1276805909","https://openalex.org/W2113198743","https://openalex.org/W347180420","https://openalex.org/W2008893481","https://openalex.org/W352926883","https://openalex.org/W2075258858","https://openalex.org/W4237349179","https://openalex.org/W2342739562"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"fungal":[1],"pathogen":[2],"Ustilago":[3],"hordei":[4,164],"causes":[5],"the":[6,23,40,46,50,57,60,78,81,85,109,118,151,155,159,172,176],"covered":[7],"smut":[8],"disease":[9],"of":[10,77,80,162],"barley":[11],"and":[12,15,33,42,54,69,87,95,100,117,132],"oats.":[13],"Mating":[14],"pathogenicity":[16],"in":[17,65,72,113,122],"this":[18,36],"fungus":[19],"are":[20],"controlled":[21],"by":[22],"MAT":[24,152,160,177],"locus,":[25],"which":[26],"contains":[27],"two":[28],"distinct":[29],"gene":[30,89,111,120],"complexes,":[31],"a":[32,41,66,73,86,110,141],"b.":[34],"In":[35],"study,":[37],"we":[38],"tagged":[39],"b":[43,88,119],"regions":[44],"with":[45,129,167,171],"recognition":[47],"sequence":[48,96],"for":[49,93],"restriction":[51],"enzyme":[52],"I-SceI":[53],"determined":[55],"that":[56,146,175],"distance":[58],"between":[59,98],"complexes":[61,90],"is":[62,148],"500":[63],"kb":[64,71],"MAT-1":[67,99,114],"strain":[68],"430":[70],"MAT-2":[74,123],"strain.":[75],"Characterization":[76],"organization":[79],"known":[82],"genes":[83],"within":[84,150],"provided":[91],"evidence":[92],"nonhomology":[94],"inversion":[97],"MAT-2.":[101],"Antibiotic-resistance":[102],"markers":[103],"also":[104,179],"were":[105,127,138],"used":[106],"to":[107,135],"tag":[108],"complex":[112,121],"strains":[115,124,131],"(phleomycin)":[116],"(hygromycin).":[125],"Crosses":[126],"performed":[128],"these":[130],"progeny":[133],"resistant":[134],"both":[136],"antibiotics":[137],"recovered":[139],"at":[140],"very":[142],"low":[143],"frequency,":[144],"suggesting":[145],"recombination":[147],"suppressed":[149],"region.":[153],"Overall,":[154],"chromosome":[156],"homologues":[157],"carrying":[158],"locus":[161,178],"U.":[163],"share":[165],"features":[166],"primitive":[168],"sex":[169],"chromosomes,":[170],"added":[173],"twist":[174],"controls":[180],"pathogenicity.":[181]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":9}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}