{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2018374074","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0378-4347(96)00459-8","title":"Rapid liquid\u2013liquid extraction of cocaine from urine for gas chromatographic\u2013mass spectrometric analysis","display_name":"Rapid liquid\u2013liquid extraction of cocaine from urine for gas chromatographic\u2013mass spectrometric analysis","publication_year":1997,"publication_date":"1997-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2018374074","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0378-4347(96)00459-8","mag":"2018374074","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9187384"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0378-4347(96)00459-8","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0378-4347(96)00459-8","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0378-4347(96)00459-8","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S14366386","display_name":"Journal of Chromatography B Biomedical Sciences and Applications","issn_l":"0378-4347","issn":["0378-4347","1387-2273","1872-812X","1878-5603"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Chromatography B: Biomedical Sciences and Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019759365","display_name":"Diana Garside","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800717037","display_name":"University of Florida Health","ror":"https://ror.org/04tk2gy88","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800717037","https://openalex.org/I33213144"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33213144","display_name":"University of Florida","ror":"https://ror.org/02y3ad647","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33213144"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Diana Garside","raw_affiliation_strings":["Diagnostic Referral Laboratories, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville 32608, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Diagnostic Referral Laboratories, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville 32608, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800717037","https://openalex.org/I33213144"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080939734","display_name":"Bruce A. Goldberger","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5799-1787","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5799-1787"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33213144","display_name":"University of Florida","ror":"https://ror.org/02y3ad647","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33213144"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Bruce A. Goldberger","raw_affiliation_strings":["Diagnostic Referral Laboratories, University of Florida College of Medicine, 2310 SW 13th Street, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Diagnostic Referral Laboratories, University of Florida College of Medicine, 2310 SW 13th Street, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33213144"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060972692","display_name":"Kenzie L. Preston","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0603-2479","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0603-2479"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1327069482","display_name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse","ror":"https://ror.org/00fq5cm18","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I1327069482"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kenzie L. Preston","raw_affiliation_strings":["Addiction Research Center, National Institute on Drug Abuse, P.O. Box 5180, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Addiction Research Center, National Institute on Drug Abuse, P.O. Box 5180, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1327069482"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110819058","display_name":"Edward J. Cone","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1327069482","display_name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse","ror":"https://ror.org/00fq5cm18","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I1327069482"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Edward J. Cone","raw_affiliation_strings":["Addiction Research Center, National Institute on Drug Abuse, P.O. Box 5180, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Addiction Research Center, National Institute on Drug Abuse, P.O. Box 5180, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1327069482"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5080939734"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33213144"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.1565,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":17,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84065091,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"692","issue":"1","first_page":"61","last_page":"65"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10800","display_name":"Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3005","display_name":"Toxicology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/30","display_name":"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10800","display_name":"Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3005","display_name":"Toxicology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/30","display_name":"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10180","display_name":"Analytical chemistry methods development","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1602","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11460","display_name":"Analytical Methods in Pharmaceuticals","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1602","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cocaine","display_name":"cocaine","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urine","display_name":"urine","score":0.8980000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/liquid-liquid-extraction","display_name":"liquid-liquid extraction","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonpolar-organic-solvents","display_name":"nonpolar organic solvents","score":0.7120000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drug-detection","display_name":"drug detection","score":0.37599998712539673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/forensic-toxicology","display_name":"forensic toxicology","score":0.8519999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sample-preparation","display_name":"sample preparation","score":0.4729999899864197}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43617362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050","display_name":"Chromatography","level":1,"score":0.9065290689468384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776923573","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2294884","display_name":"Derivatization","level":3,"score":0.744747519493103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.7255544066429138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162356407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180809","display_name":"Mass spectrometry","level":2,"score":0.688677191734314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10390740","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2282401","display_name":"Analyte","level":2,"score":0.6673147082328796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205345274","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q873009","display_name":"Gas chromatography\u2013mass spectrometry","level":3,"score":0.6490746140480042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119128265","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q900165","display_name":"Detection limit","level":2,"score":0.6385716199874878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4725764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844704","display_name":"Extraction (chemistry)","level":2,"score":0.622767448425293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123460561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q677065","display_name":"Gas chromatography","level":2,"score":0.6032036542892456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780026642","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40924","display_name":"Urine","level":2,"score":0.5048907399177551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776108993","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q866399","display_name":"Liquid\u2013liquid extraction","level":3,"score":0.41313421726226807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780471494","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q146505","display_name":"Solvent","level":2,"score":0.4124250113964081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.040141791105270386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000473","descriptor_name":"Alkanes","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003042","descriptor_name":"Cocaine","qualifier_ui":"Q000031","qualifier_name":"analogs & derivatives","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003042","descriptor_name":"Cocaine","qualifier_ui":"Q000302","qualifier_name":"isolation & purification","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003042","descriptor_name":"Cocaine","qualifier_ui":"Q000652","qualifier_name":"urine","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008401","descriptor_name":"Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012680","descriptor_name":"Sensitivity and Specificity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015813","descriptor_name":"Substance Abuse Detection","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0378-4347(96)00459-8","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0378-4347(96)00459-8","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0378-4347(96)00459-8","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S14366386","display_name":"Journal of Chromatography B Biomedical Sciences and Applications","issn_l":"0378-4347","issn":["0378-4347","1387-2273","1872-812X","1878-5603"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Chromatography B: Biomedical Sciences and Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:9187384","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9187384","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of chromatography. B, Biomedical sciences and applications","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.428600013256073,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"score":0.41999998688697815,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W156090315","https://openalex.org/W1953789494","https://openalex.org/W1979741826","https://openalex.org/W1985073585","https://openalex.org/W1985767696","https://openalex.org/W1996561609","https://openalex.org/W2011473888","https://openalex.org/W2035923630","https://openalex.org/W2084286513","https://openalex.org/W2084336571","https://openalex.org/W2106327403","https://openalex.org/W2112471627","https://openalex.org/W2141850016","https://openalex.org/W2142090850","https://openalex.org/W2159314094","https://openalex.org/W2162710024","https://openalex.org/W2171540752","https://openalex.org/W2322331007","https://openalex.org/W6607766237","https://openalex.org/W6633030476"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1975875973","https://openalex.org/W2015187480","https://openalex.org/W2323996488","https://openalex.org/W2564864351","https://openalex.org/W2901892413","https://openalex.org/W2106327403","https://openalex.org/W2075205018","https://openalex.org/W2060548389","https://openalex.org/W4299399607","https://openalex.org/W1978134414"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}