{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2018332138","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s003300050062","title":"Dose reduction in computed tomography by attenuation-based on-line modulation of tube current: evaluation of six anatomical regions","display_name":"Dose reduction in computed tomography by attenuation-based on-line modulation of tube current: evaluation of six anatomical regions","publication_year":2000,"publication_date":"2000-01-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2018332138","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s003300050062","mag":"2018332138","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10663775"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s003300050062","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s003300050062","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s003300050062","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4819472","display_name":"European Radiology","issn_l":"0938-7994","issn":["0938-7994","1432-1084"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European Radiology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108394062","display_name":"Holger Gree\u00df","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181369854","display_name":"Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg","ror":"https://ror.org/00f7hpc57","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181369854"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210088053","display_name":"Universit\u00e4tsklinikum Erlangen","ror":"https://ror.org/0030f2a11","country_code":"DE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210088053"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H. Greess","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Erlangen, Maximiliansplatz 1, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany","Institute of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Erlangen, Maximiliansplatz 1, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany, , DE"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Erlangen, Maximiliansplatz 1, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181369854","https://openalex.org/I4210088053"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Erlangen, Maximiliansplatz 1, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany, , DE","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181369854","https://openalex.org/I4210088053"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110029530","display_name":"H. Wolf","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181369854","display_name":"Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg","ror":"https://ror.org/00f7hpc57","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181369854"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H. Wolf","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Medical Physics, University of Erlangen, Krankenhausstr. 12, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany, DE"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Medical Physics, University of Erlangen, Krankenhausstr. 12, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany, DE","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181369854"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038413899","display_name":"Ulrich Baum","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181369854","display_name":"Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg","ror":"https://ror.org/00f7hpc57","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181369854"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210088053","display_name":"Universit\u00e4tsklinikum Erlangen","ror":"https://ror.org/0030f2a11","country_code":"DE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210088053"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"U. Baum","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Erlangen, Maximiliansplatz 1, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany, , DE"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Erlangen, Maximiliansplatz 1, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany, , DE","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181369854","https://openalex.org/I4210088053"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082428769","display_name":"Michael Lell","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4800-4428","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4800-4428"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181369854","display_name":"Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg","ror":"https://ror.org/00f7hpc57","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181369854"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210088053","display_name":"Universit\u00e4tsklinikum Erlangen","ror":"https://ror.org/0030f2a11","country_code":"DE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210088053"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Lell","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Erlangen, Maximiliansplatz 1, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany, , DE"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Erlangen, Maximiliansplatz 1, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany, , DE","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181369854","https://openalex.org/I4210088053"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091603226","display_name":"M. Pirkl","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181369854","display_name":"Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg","ror":"https://ror.org/00f7hpc57","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181369854"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Pirkl","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Radiation Therapy, University of Erlangen, Universit\u00e4tsstr. 27, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany, , DE"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Radiation Therapy, University of Erlangen, Universit\u00e4tsstr. 27, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany, , DE","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181369854"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109995368","display_name":"Willi A. Kalender","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181369854","display_name":"Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg","ror":"https://ror.org/00f7hpc57","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181369854"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"W. Kalender","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Medical Physics, University of Erlangen, Krankenhausstr. 12, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany, DE"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Medical Physics, University of Erlangen, Krankenhausstr. 12, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany, DE","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181369854"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113602771","display_name":"Werner A. Bautz","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181369854","display_name":"Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg","ror":"https://ror.org/00f7hpc57","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181369854"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210088053","display_name":"Universit\u00e4tsklinikum Erlangen","ror":"https://ror.org/0030f2a11","country_code":"DE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210088053"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"W. A. Bautz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Erlangen, Maximiliansplatz 1, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany, , DE"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Erlangen, Maximiliansplatz 1, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany, , DE","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181369854","https://openalex.org/I4210088053"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2890,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2890},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.0252,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":231,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96721564,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"2","first_page":"391","last_page":"394"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10844","display_name":"Radiation Dose and Imaging","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10844","display_name":"Radiation Dose and Imaging","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10358","display_name":"Advanced Radiotherapy Techniques","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3108","display_name":"Radiation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11361","display_name":"Digital Radiography and Breast Imaging","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tube-current-modulation","display_name":"tube current modulation","score":0.8880000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-quality","display_name":"image quality","score":0.6060000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"noise","score":0.4230000078678131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiotherapy-patients","display_name":"radiotherapy patients","score":0.7039999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/projection-angle","display_name":"projection angle","score":0.4569999873638153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anatomical-regions","display_name":"anatomical regions","score":0.5799999833106995}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55020928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3813865","display_name":"Image quality","level":3,"score":0.7519999146461487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184652730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2357982","display_name":"Attenuation","level":2,"score":0.6550164818763733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2989005","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214963","display_name":"Nuclear medicine","level":1,"score":0.5818498134613037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.5701055526733398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35772409","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1323086","display_name":"Image noise","level":3,"score":0.5415485501289368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163716698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q841267","display_name":"Tomography","level":2,"score":0.4230322539806366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123079801","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750240","display_name":"Modulation (music)","level":2,"score":0.42293331027030945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134093067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2703926","display_name":"Computed radiography","level":4,"score":0.41478264331817627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.3975751996040344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.26330500841140747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.1838783621788025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.1293366551399231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.08032390475273132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.07826948165893555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.06553974747657776}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007091","descriptor_name":"Image Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011829","descriptor_name":"Radiation Dosage","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011835","descriptor_name":"Radiation Protection","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014057","descriptor_name":"Tomography, X-Ray Computed","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015898","descriptor_name":"Tomography Scanners, X-Ray Computed","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s003300050062","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s003300050062","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s003300050062","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4819472","display_name":"European Radiology","issn_l":"0938-7994","issn":["0938-7994","1432-1084"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European Radiology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:10663775","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10663775","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European radiology","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9476000070571899,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":5,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2008921887","https://openalex.org/W2012557291","https://openalex.org/W2015892377","https://openalex.org/W2063887054","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2027032049","https://openalex.org/W2008921887","https://openalex.org/W4235131700","https://openalex.org/W2409543711","https://openalex.org/W2063887054","https://openalex.org/W2015892377","https://openalex.org/W2370790176","https://openalex.org/W2789881409","https://openalex.org/W1985939449","https://openalex.org/W2314552247"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":9}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
