{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2018319554","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1528-1157.1999.tb05557.x","title":"Outcome of Epilepsy Surgery in the First Three Years of Life","display_name":"Outcome of Epilepsy Surgery in the First Three Years of Life","publication_year":1999,"publication_date":"1999-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2018319554","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1528-1157.1999.tb05557.x","mag":"2018319554","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10386524"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1528-1157.1999.tb05557.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1528-1157.1999.tb05557.x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1528-1157.1999.tb05557.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S203153751","display_name":"Epilepsia","issn_l":"0013-9580","issn":["0013-9580","1528-1157","1528-1167"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Epilepsia","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110769879","display_name":"Tateo Sugimoto","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801317318","display_name":"Hospital for Sick Children","ror":"https://ror.org/057q4rt57","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801317318"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Tateo Sugimoto","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Neurology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada","Divisions of Neurology, The Hospital for Sick Children and the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Neurology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801317318"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Divisions of Neurology, The Hospital for Sick Children and the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750","https://openalex.org/I2801317318"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046517361","display_name":"Hiroshi Otsubo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4186-373X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4186-373X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801317318","display_name":"Hospital for Sick Children","ror":"https://ror.org/057q4rt57","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801317318"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hiroshi Otsubo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Divisions of Neurology, The Hospital for Sick Children and the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Divisions of Neurology, The Hospital for Sick Children and the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750","https://openalex.org/I2801317318"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Paul A. Hwang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801317318","display_name":"Hospital for Sick Children","ror":"https://ror.org/057q4rt57","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801317318"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paul A. Hwang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Divisions of Neurology, The Hospital for Sick Children and the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Divisions of Neurology, The Hospital for Sick Children and the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750","https://openalex.org/I2801317318"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111991329","display_name":"Harold J. Hoffman","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801317318","display_name":"Hospital for Sick Children","ror":"https://ror.org/057q4rt57","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801317318"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Harold J. Hoffman","raw_affiliation_strings":["*Neurosurgery, The Hospital for Sick Children and the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"*Neurosurgery, The Hospital for Sick Children and the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750","https://openalex.org/I2801317318"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016387739","display_name":"Venita Jay","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801317318","display_name":"Hospital for Sick Children","ror":"https://ror.org/057q4rt57","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801317318"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Venita Jay","raw_affiliation_strings":["\u2020Neuropathology, The Hospital for Sick Children and the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"\u2020Neuropathology, The Hospital for Sick Children and the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750","https://openalex.org/I2801317318"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015390605","display_name":"O. Carter Snead","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8910-0478","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8910-0478"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801317318","display_name":"Hospital for Sick Children","ror":"https://ror.org/057q4rt57","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801317318"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"O. Carter Snead III","raw_affiliation_strings":["Divisions of Neurology, The Hospital for Sick Children and the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Divisions of Neurology, The Hospital for Sick Children and the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750","https://openalex.org/I2801317318"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5110769879"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750","https://openalex.org/I2801317318"],"apc_list":{"value":4360,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4360},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.2304,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":86,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95704012,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"40","issue":"5","first_page":"560","last_page":"565"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10094","display_name":"Epilepsy research and treatment","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10094","display_name":"Epilepsy research and treatment","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12267","display_name":"Diet and metabolism studies","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12049","display_name":"Tuberous Sclerosis Complex Research","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epilepsy-surgery","display_name":"epilepsy surgery","score":0.7760000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/early-childhood-epilepsy","display_name":"early childhood epilepsy","score":0.6959999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/infants","display_name":"infants","score":0.6700000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hemispherectomy","display_name":"hemispherectomy","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engel-classification","display_name":"Engel classification","score":0.6389999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seizure-outcome","display_name":"seizure outcome","score":0.7950000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/focal-cortical-dysplasia","display_name":"focal cortical dysplasia","score":0.9520000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sturge-weber-syndrome","display_name":"Sturge-Weber syndrome","score":0.921999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hemimegalencephaly","display_name":"hemimegalencephaly","score":0.9200000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tuberous-sclerosis-complex","display_name":"tuberous sclerosis complex","score":0.953000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-grade-glioma","display_name":"low-grade glioma","score":0.8209999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuronal-migration-disorders","display_name":"neuronal migration disorders","score":0.6660000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/infantile-spasms","display_name":"infantile spasms","score":0.7289999723434448}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777060296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1316942","display_name":"Cortical dysplasia","level":3,"score":0.9495176672935486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910338131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40103033","display_name":"Hemimegalencephaly","level":4,"score":0.9281833171844482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778980267","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1362721","display_name":"Tuberous sclerosis","level":2,"score":0.865186870098114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778186239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41571","display_name":"Epilepsy","level":2,"score":0.7646139860153198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780803581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1347108","display_name":"Epilepsy surgery","level":3,"score":0.674627423286438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.5967143177986145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187212893","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q123028","display_name":"Pediatrics","level":1,"score":0.5226925611495972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.5113115310668945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778201146","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1041258","display_name":"Epileptic spasms","level":3,"score":0.4491196274757385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779281540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5062122","display_name":"Central nervous system disease","level":2,"score":0.41597649455070496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.090492844581604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000367","descriptor_name":"Age Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001921","descriptor_name":"Brain","qualifier_ui":"Q000601","qualifier_name":"surgery","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002540","descriptor_name":"Cerebral Cortex","qualifier_ui":"Q000601","qualifier_name":"surgery","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002675","descriptor_name":"Child, Preschool","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004827","descriptor_name":"Epilepsy","qualifier_ui":"Q000601","qualifier_name":"surgery","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005500","descriptor_name":"Follow-Up Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007223","descriptor_name":"Infant","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016896","descriptor_name":"Treatment Outcome","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1528-1157.1999.tb05557.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1528-1157.1999.tb05557.x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1528-1157.1999.tb05557.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S203153751","display_name":"Epilepsia","issn_l":"0013-9580","issn":["0013-9580","1528-1157","1528-1167"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Epilepsia","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:10386524","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10386524","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Epilepsia","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":1.0,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1964011929","https://openalex.org/W1965328797","https://openalex.org/W1967237116","https://openalex.org/W1987243132","https://openalex.org/W1997163011","https://openalex.org/W2006406403","https://openalex.org/W2015691537","https://openalex.org/W2051018991","https://openalex.org/W2051201583","https://openalex.org/W2075857614","https://openalex.org/W2108853102","https://openalex.org/W2730124695","https://openalex.org/W4239594659"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2335299370","https://openalex.org/W1987243132","https://openalex.org/W2087778784","https://openalex.org/W2097635621","https://openalex.org/W2610897998","https://openalex.org/W2631592755","https://openalex.org/W2067232913","https://openalex.org/W360343779","https://openalex.org/W2345113865","https://openalex.org/W4220679565"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"PURPOSE:":[0],"We":[1,23],"analyzed":[2],"our":[3],"experience":[4],"over":[5],"a":[6,103],"6-year":[7],"period":[8,157],"with":[9,99,207,212,221,226],"early-childhood":[10],"patients":[11,220],"who":[12,34,111,228],"had":[13,45,49,54,107,229],"undergone":[14],"epilepsy":[15,36],"surgery,":[16],"and":[17,40,52,70,90,147,192,214],"investigated":[18],"the":[19,25,71,219],"surgical":[20],"outcomes.":[21],"METHOD:":[22],"reviewed":[24],"medical":[26],"records":[27],"of":[28,65,76,83,96,119],"23":[29],"children,":[30],"ages":[31],"0-3":[32],"years,":[33],"underwent":[35,113],"surgery":[37,77,201],"between":[38],"1991":[39],"1996.":[41],"RESULTS:":[42],"Twenty":[43],"children":[44,98],"partial":[46],"seizures;":[47],"two":[48],"infantile":[50],"spasms;":[51],"one":[53],"generalized":[55],"tonic-clonic":[56],"seizures":[57,66,100],"at":[58,63,74],"onset.":[59],"The":[60,116,155,171],"mean":[61,72],"age":[62,73],"onset":[64],"was":[67,78,93,178,223],"4.7":[68],"months,":[69],"time":[75],"15.3":[79],"months.":[80],"A":[81],"total":[82],"32":[84],"operations":[85],"(21":[86],"focal":[87,124,230],"cortical":[88,125,231],"resections":[89],"11":[91],"hemispherectomies)":[92],"performed.":[94],"Five":[95],"12":[97,182],"secondary":[101],"to":[102,161,175],"neuronal":[104],"migration":[105],"disorder":[106],"reoperations,":[108],"including":[109],"three":[110,122],"ultimately":[112],"complete":[114],"hemispherectomy.":[115],"pathology":[117],"consisted":[118],"hemimegalencephaly":[120],"in":[121,128,132,137,140,145,153,181,186,190,195,205,210],"patients,":[123,183],"dysplasia":[126],"(FCD)":[127],"eight,":[129],"tuberous":[130],"sclerosis":[131],"one,":[133],"Sturge-Weber":[134],"syndrome":[135],"(SWS)":[136],"five,":[138],"infarction":[139],"two,":[141],"low-grade":[142],"glioma":[143],"(LGG)":[144],"three,":[146,187],"post-herpes":[148],"simplex":[149],"virus":[150],"encephalitis":[151],"(HSE)":[152],"one.":[154],"follow-up":[156],"ranged":[158],"from":[159,167],"1":[160],"6.5":[162],"years":[163],"(mean,":[164],"3.2":[165],"years)":[166],"patients'":[168],"last":[169],"operation.":[170],"seizure":[172],"outcome":[173,217],"according":[174],"Engel's":[176],"criteria":[177],"class":[179,184,188,193],"I":[180],"II":[185],"III":[189],"six":[191],"IV":[194],"two.":[196],"CONCLUSIONS:":[197],"Seizure":[198,216],"outcomes":[199],"after":[200],"were":[202],"less":[203],"favorable":[204],"infants":[206],"FCD":[208],"than":[209],"those":[211,227],"SWS":[213],"LGG.":[215],"for":[218],"hemispherectomies":[222],"excellent,":[224],"compared":[225],"resections.":[232]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}