{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2018246587","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00005768-199705001-01383","title":"CROSS VALIDATION OF THE 20 M SHUTTLE RUN TEST IN CHILDREN WITH MENTAL RETARDATION 1384","display_name":"CROSS VALIDATION OF THE 20 M SHUTTLE RUN TEST IN CHILDREN WITH MENTAL RETARDATION 1384","publication_year":1997,"publication_date":"1997-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2018246587","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00005768-199705001-01383","mag":"2018246587"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1097/00005768-199705001-01383","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00005768-199705001-01383","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00005768-199705001-01383","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S14544163","display_name":"Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise","issn_l":"0195-9131","issn":["0195-9131","1530-0315"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Medicine &amp;amp Science in Sports &amp;amp Exercise","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-abstract","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018704235","display_name":"Bo Fernhall","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9393-3018","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9393-3018"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102298084","display_name":"Andrews University","ror":"https://ror.org/04aaa2n62","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102298084"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193531525","display_name":"George Washington University","ror":"https://ror.org/00y4zzh67","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193531525"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39587148","display_name":"Wichita State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00c4e7y75","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39587148"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"B. Fernhall","raw_affiliation_strings":["George Washington University, Washington, DC, Wichita State University, Wichita, KS, Andrews University, Berrien Springs, MI","Sponsor: B. Fernhall, FACSM)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"George Washington University, Washington, DC, Wichita State University, Wichita, KS, Andrews University, Berrien Springs, MI","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102298084","https://openalex.org/I193531525","https://openalex.org/I39587148"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sponsor: B. Fernhall, FACSM)","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059956830","display_name":"Ken H. Pitetti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8321-8894","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8321-8894"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102298084","display_name":"Andrews University","ror":"https://ror.org/04aaa2n62","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102298084"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193531525","display_name":"George Washington University","ror":"https://ror.org/00y4zzh67","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193531525"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39587148","display_name":"Wichita State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00c4e7y75","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39587148"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K. Pitetti","raw_affiliation_strings":["George Washington University, Washington, DC, Wichita State University, Wichita, KS, Andrews University, Berrien Springs, MI","(Sponsor: B. Fernhall, FACSM)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"George Washington University, Washington, DC, Wichita State University, Wichita, KS, Andrews University, Berrien Springs, MI","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102298084","https://openalex.org/I193531525","https://openalex.org/I39587148"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"(Sponsor: B. Fernhall, FACSM)","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110272118","display_name":"L. Millar","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102298084","display_name":"Andrews University","ror":"https://ror.org/04aaa2n62","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102298084"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193531525","display_name":"George Washington University","ror":"https://ror.org/00y4zzh67","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193531525"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39587148","display_name":"Wichita State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00c4e7y75","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39587148"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"L. Millar","raw_affiliation_strings":["George Washington University, Washington, DC, Wichita State University, Wichita, KS, Andrews University, Berrien Springs, MI","(Sponsor: B. Fernhall, FACSM)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"George Washington University, Washington, DC, Wichita State University, Wichita, KS, Andrews University, Berrien Springs, MI","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102298084","https://openalex.org/I193531525","https://openalex.org/I39587148"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"(Sponsor: B. Fernhall, FACSM)","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025035257","display_name":"Terri Hensen","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102298084","display_name":"Andrews University","ror":"https://ror.org/04aaa2n62","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102298084"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193531525","display_name":"George Washington University","ror":"https://ror.org/00y4zzh67","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193531525"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39587148","display_name":"Wichita State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00c4e7y75","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39587148"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"T. Hensen","raw_affiliation_strings":["George Washington University, Washington, DC, Wichita State University, Wichita, KS, Andrews University, Berrien Springs, MI","(Sponsor: B. Fernhall, FACSM)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"George Washington University, Washington, DC, Wichita State University, Wichita, KS, Andrews University, Berrien Springs, MI","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102298084","https://openalex.org/I193531525","https://openalex.org/I39587148"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"(Sponsor: B. Fernhall, FACSM)","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081304135","display_name":"Matthew D. Vukovich","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6621-8588","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6621-8588"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102298084","display_name":"Andrews University","ror":"https://ror.org/04aaa2n62","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102298084"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193531525","display_name":"George Washington University","ror":"https://ror.org/00y4zzh67","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193531525"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39587148","display_name":"Wichita State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00c4e7y75","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39587148"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Vukovich","raw_affiliation_strings":["George Washington University, Washington, DC, Wichita State University, Wichita, KS, Andrews University, Berrien Springs, MI","(Sponsor: B. Fernhall, FACSM)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"George Washington University, Washington, DC, Wichita State University, Wichita, KS, Andrews University, Berrien Springs, MI","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102298084","https://openalex.org/I193531525","https://openalex.org/I39587148"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"(Sponsor: B. Fernhall, FACSM)","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"29","issue":"Supplement","first_page":"244","last_page":"244"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11209","display_name":"Cardiovascular and exercise physiology","score":0.9765999913215637,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2707","display_name":"Complementary and alternative medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11209","display_name":"Cardiovascular and exercise physiology","score":0.9765999913215637,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2707","display_name":"Complementary and alternative medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10352","display_name":"Physical Activity and Health","score":0.008500000461935997,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10157","display_name":"Sports Performance and Training","score":0.004600000102072954,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2732","display_name":"Orthopedics and Sports Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/20-m-shuttle-run-test","display_name":"20-m shuttle run test","score":0.9800000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intellectual-disability","display_name":"intellectual disability","score":0.796999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/children","display_name":"children","score":0.7260000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cardiorespiratory-fitness","display_name":"cardiorespiratory fitness","score":0.8479999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vo2max","display_name":"VO2max","score":0.8889999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/test-retest-reliability","display_name":"test-retest reliability","score":0.8199999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cross-validation","display_name":"cross-validation","score":0.6420000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/treadmill-exercise-testing","display_name":"treadmill exercise testing","score":0.5809999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cardiorespiratory-fitness-assessment","display_name":"cardiorespiratory fitness assessment","score":0.6150000095367432}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141832487","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q604159","display_name":"Multi-stage fitness test","level":3,"score":0.8647554516792297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196310339","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60354","display_name":"VO2 max","level":4,"score":0.6834632158279419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781464450","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q839144","display_name":"Treadmill","level":2,"score":0.575728714466095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.5585950613021851},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.49247822165489197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993388814","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7608036","display_name":"Step test","level":3,"score":0.4409680664539337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777953023","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1073121","display_name":"Heart rate","level":3,"score":0.41075512766838074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.37778791785240173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1862650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186005","display_name":"Physical therapy","level":1,"score":0.367298424243927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140793950","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q168091","display_name":"Animal science","level":1,"score":0.3439367115497589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018023364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q425265","display_name":"Significant difference","level":2,"score":0.23438626527786255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.21211647987365723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171687745","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309252","display_name":"Physical fitness","level":2,"score":0.19465991854667664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84393581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82642","display_name":"Blood pressure","level":2,"score":0.12795111536979675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.06505534052848816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1097/00005768-199705001-01383","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00005768-199705001-01383","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00005768-199705001-01383","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S14544163","display_name":"Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise","issn_l":"0195-9131","issn":["0195-9131","1530-0315"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Medicine &amp;amp Science in Sports &amp;amp Exercise","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9763000011444092}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2262113052","https://openalex.org/W2064144275","https://openalex.org/W2028718057","https://openalex.org/W2009297396","https://openalex.org/W2117325416","https://openalex.org/W1997013186","https://openalex.org/W2195374910","https://openalex.org/W2349543502","https://openalex.org/W2037484064","https://openalex.org/W2280657663"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0],"cross":[1],"validated":[2],"the":[3,22,49,63,87,106,116,132,158,171,177,198,217,225,239],"20":[4,64,107,199],"m":[5,65,108,200],"shuttle":[6,66,109,201],"run":[7,110,202],"test":[8,95],"of":[9,62,126,146,209,241],"aerobic":[10],"capacity":[11],"in":[12,68,192,211,246],"children":[13,33,50,120,212,234,247],"with":[14,34,56,121,143,213,248],"mild":[15],"and":[16,59,71,86,104,130,136,160,206],"moderate":[17],"mental":[18],"retardation":[19],"(MR)":[20],"using":[21,216],"population":[23,218],"specific":[24,219],"formula":[25,117,220],"developed":[26,118],"by":[27],"Fernhall":[28],"et.":[29],"al.":[30],"(1996).":[31],"17":[32],"MR":[35,214],"(9":[36],"boys;":[37],"8":[38],"girls;":[39],"age":[40],"=":[41,101,112,141],"13.7":[42],"yrs)":[43],"participated.":[44],"Following":[45],"several":[46],"practice":[47],"sessions,":[48],"completed":[51],"two":[52,60],"maximal":[53,76,88],"treadmill":[54],"protocols":[55],"metabolic":[57],"measurements,":[58],"trials":[61],"run,":[67],"randomized":[69],"order":[70],"on":[72],"separate":[73],"days.":[74],"The":[75,94],"oxygen":[77],"consumption":[78],"(\u02d9VO2max)":[79],"was":[80,91,99,139,153,174,227],"39.4":[81],"ml":[82,148,166,182],"\u00b7":[83,149,167,183],"kg-1":[84,150,168],"\u00b7min-1":[85],"heart":[89],"rate":[90],"182":[92],"bpm.":[93],"reliability":[96],"for":[97,105,119,221,233],"\u02d9VO2max":[98,138,210],"r":[100,111],"0.99":[102],"(p<.01),":[103],"0.94":[113],"(p<.01).":[114],"Using":[115],"MR,":[122,236],"which":[123],"included":[124],"#":[125],"laps":[127],"completed.":[128],"BMI,":[129],"gender,":[131],"relationship":[133],"between":[134,157],"measured":[135,159],"predicted":[137,161],"R":[140],"0.86":[142],"an":[144],"SEE":[145,178,226],"6.2":[147,181],"\u00b7min-1.":[151],"There":[152],"no":[154,189],"significant":[155],"difference":[156],"mean":[162],"\u02d9VO2max(39.4":[163],"vs":[164,180],"38.1":[165],"\u00b7min-1).":[169],"Furthermore,":[170],"total":[172],"error":[173],"smaller":[175],"than":[176,230],"(5.6":[179],"kg-1\u00b7min-1)":[184],"indicating":[185],"that":[186,197,238],"there":[187],"were":[188],"systematic":[190],"errors":[191],"prediction.":[193],"These":[194],"data":[195],"indicate":[196],"is":[203],"a":[204],"reliable":[205],"valid":[207],"indicator":[208],"when":[215],"estimating":[222],"\u02d9VO2max.":[223],"However,":[224],"slightly":[228],"greater":[229],"typically":[231],"found":[232],"without":[235],"suggesting":[237],"accuracy":[240],"prediction":[242],"may":[243],"be":[244],"lower":[245],"MR.":[249]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}