{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2018228755","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1108/13620431011053749","title":"Flexible working times: effects on employees' exhaustion, work\u2010nonwork conflict and job performance","display_name":"Flexible working times: effects on employees' exhaustion, work\u2010nonwork conflict and job performance","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-06-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2018228755","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1108/13620431011053749","mag":"2018228755"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1108/13620431011053749","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1108/13620431011053749","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1108/13620431011053749","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S182336501","display_name":"Career Development International","issn_l":"1362-0436","issn":["1362-0436","1758-6003"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","fnege-4","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319811","host_organization_name":"Emerald Publishing Limited","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319811"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Emerald Publishing Limited"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Career Development International","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022333348","display_name":"Ralph Kattenbach","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1013-4582","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1013-4582"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I159176309","display_name":"Universit\u00e4t Hamburg","ror":"https://ror.org/00g30e956","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I159176309"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ralph Kattenbach","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Personnel Research, Universit\u00e4t Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Personnel Research, Universit\u00e4t Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I159176309"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027950123","display_name":"Evangelia Demerouti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4615-6532","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4615-6532"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83019370","display_name":"Eindhoven University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02c2kyt77","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83019370"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Evangelia Demerouti","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Social and Organizational Psychology, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Social and Organizational Psychology, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83019370"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003189243","display_name":"Friedhelm Nachreiner","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129877168","display_name":"Carl von Ossietzky Universit\u00e4t Oldenburg","ror":"https://ror.org/033n9gh91","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129877168"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Friedhelm Nachreiner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology, Industrial and Organizational Psychology Unit, Carl von Ossietzky Universit\u00e4t, Oldenburg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, Industrial and Organizational Psychology Unit, Carl von Ossietzky Universit\u00e4t, Oldenburg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129877168"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":22.7237,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":163,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99149128,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"3","first_page":"279","last_page":"295"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10722","display_name":"Work-Family Balance Challenges","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10722","display_name":"Work-Family Balance Challenges","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14309","display_name":"Employee Performance and Management","score":0.0005000000237487257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3307","display_name":"Human Factors and Ergonomics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10006","display_name":"Job Satisfaction and Organizational Behavior","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1407","display_name":"Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flexible-working-hours","display_name":"flexible working hours","score":0.8460000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-autonomy","display_name":"time autonomy","score":0.9089999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-constraints","display_name":"time constraints","score":0.9829999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/employee-exhaustion","display_name":"employee exhaustion","score":0.8629999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/work-nonwork-conflict","display_name":"work-nonwork conflict","score":0.9950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/job-performance","display_name":"employee performance","score":0.9909999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/employee-well-being","display_name":"employee well-being","score":0.8320000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/peer-ratings","display_name":"peer ratings","score":0.6389999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extra-role-performance","display_name":"extra-role performance","score":0.8209999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/in-role-performance","display_name":"in-role performance","score":0.7129999995231628}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90734943","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17008777","display_name":"Conceptualization","level":2,"score":0.882392942905426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780598303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q65921492","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.8024450540542603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65414064","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q484105","display_name":"Autonomy","level":2,"score":0.7671747803688049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.6753017902374268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776950860","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2914681","display_name":"Originality","level":3,"score":0.5709822773933411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777877159","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q260732","display_name":"Working time","level":3,"score":0.558419406414032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.5182545185089111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776420229","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7981051","display_name":"Well-being","level":2,"score":0.4249432682991028},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2718322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q629463","display_name":"Job satisfaction","level":2,"score":0.4199429750442505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75630572","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q538904","display_name":"Applied psychology","level":1,"score":0.40569889545440674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.3892197906970978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.18215075135231018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.1434551179409027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.07982110977172852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542102704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183257","display_name":"Psychotherapist","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11012388","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170658","display_name":"Creativity","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1108/13620431011053749","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1108/13620431011053749","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1108/13620431011053749","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S182336501","display_name":"Career Development International","issn_l":"1362-0436","issn":["1362-0436","1758-6003"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","fnege-4","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319811","host_organization_name":"Emerald Publishing Limited","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319811"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Emerald Publishing Limited"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Career Development International","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:691832","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://library.tue.nl/csp/dare/LinkToRepository.csp?recordnumber=691832","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922641","display_name":"TU/e Research Portal","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ISSN:1362-0436","raw_type":"Article / Letter to the editor"},{"id":"pmh:oai:library.tue.nl:691832","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://repository.tue.nl/691832","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922641","display_name":"TU/e Research Portal","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ISSN:1362-0436","raw_type":"Article / Letter to the editor"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.tue.nl:openaire_cris_publications/c598acb1-933d-47b8-bbd8-ee63aa5b38ec","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://research.tue.nl/en/publications/c598acb1-933d-47b8-bbd8-ee63aa5b38ec","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922641","display_name":"TU/e Research Portal","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Kattenbach, R, Demerouti, E & Nachreiner, F 2010, 'Flexible working times : effects on employees' exhaustion, work-nonwork conflict and job performance', Career Development International, vol. 15, no. 3, pp. 279-295. https://doi.org/10.1108/13620431011053749","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:tue:oai:library.tue.nl:691832","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://repository.tue.nl/691832","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922641","display_name":"TU/e Research Portal","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Career Development International, 15(3), 279","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:tue:oai:pure.tue.nl:publications/c598acb1-933d-47b8-bbd8-ee63aa5b38ec","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://research.tue.nl/nl/publications/c598acb1-933d-47b8-bbd8-ee63aa5b38ec","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922641","display_name":"TU/e Research Portal","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Career Development International, 15(3), 279 - 295. Emerald Group Publishing Ltd.","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.833299994468689,"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W99667328","https://openalex.org/W299794350","https://openalex.org/W1267125192","https://openalex.org/W1549780453","https://openalex.org/W1731954121","https://openalex.org/W1964378193","https://openalex.org/W1983115028","https://openalex.org/W1989528006","https://openalex.org/W1997858829","https://openalex.org/W2008115921","https://openalex.org/W2010348352","https://openalex.org/W2010435769","https://openalex.org/W2028146261","https://openalex.org/W2072544276","https://openalex.org/W2075625837","https://openalex.org/W2085702550","https://openalex.org/W2102130266","https://openalex.org/W2102463240","https://openalex.org/W2103278809","https://openalex.org/W2113739761","https://openalex.org/W2127400624","https://openalex.org/W2127625785","https://openalex.org/W2134017475","https://openalex.org/W2139980074","https://openalex.org/W2140198967","https://openalex.org/W2165049423","https://openalex.org/W2171706273","https://openalex.org/W2240156084","https://openalex.org/W2325225517","https://openalex.org/W2795830980","https://openalex.org/W2906447640","https://openalex.org/W2922810978","https://openalex.org/W4253245419"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W332482605","https://openalex.org/W2102506093","https://openalex.org/W993912019","https://openalex.org/W4410745345","https://openalex.org/W4282937322","https://openalex.org/W2884531424","https://openalex.org/W2059988229","https://openalex.org/W4247633111","https://openalex.org/W7055102036","https://openalex.org/W4400857295"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Purpose":[0],"The":[1,87,95,125],"aim":[2],"of":[3,12,31,54,93,103,128,134,141],"this":[4],"study":[5],"is":[6,34,59],"to":[7,17,44,100,122],"provide":[8],"a":[9,90],"useful":[10],"conceptualization":[11,127],"flexible":[13,22,142],"working":[14,23,143],"times":[15,24],"and":[16,25,28,46,77,105,136],"examine":[18],"the":[19,49,101,106,117,132,139],"relationships":[20],"between":[21],"employees'":[26],"well\u2010being":[27,58],"peer":[29,84],"ratings":[30],"performance.":[32,123],"It":[33],"supposed":[35],"that":[36],"an":[37,51],"employee's":[38],"\u201ctime\u2010autonomy\u201d":[39],"would":[40],"be":[41],"positively":[42],"related":[43],"performance":[45,79],"well\u2010being.":[47],"On":[48],"contrary,":[50],"unfavorable":[52],"effect":[53],"\u201ctime":[55],"restriction\u201d":[56],"on":[57],"expected.":[60],"Design/methodology/approach":[61],"A":[62],"questionnaire\u2010study":[63],"was":[64,80],"conducted":[65],"among":[66],"167":[67],"German":[68],"employees":[69],"from":[70],"17":[71],"different":[72],"organizations.":[73],"Information":[74],"about":[75],"in\u2010role":[76],"extra\u2010role":[78],"also":[81],"obtained":[82],"via":[83],"evaluations.":[85],"Findings":[86],"data":[88],"support":[89],"two\u2010factor":[91],"structure":[92],"flexibility.":[94],"time":[96,110,144],"restriction":[97],"factor":[98],"adds":[99],"degree":[102],"exhaustion":[104],"work\u2010nonwork":[107],"conflict,":[108],"while":[109],"autonomy":[111],"diminishes":[112],"these":[113],"outcome":[114],"variables.":[115],"However,":[116],"flexibility":[118,129],"dimensions":[119],"are":[120],"unrelated":[121],"Originality/value":[124],"multidimensional":[126],"allows":[130],"for":[131],"detection":[133],"advantages":[135],"drawbacks":[137],"regarding":[138],"effectiveness":[140],"models.":[145]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}