{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2018186263","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm/147.3.697","title":"Airway Mucosal Inflammation Even in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Asthma","display_name":"Airway Mucosal Inflammation Even in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Asthma","publication_year":1993,"publication_date":"1993-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2018186263","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm/147.3.697","mag":"2018186263","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8442607"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1164/ajrccm/147.3.697","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm/147.3.697","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm/147.3.697","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2751726451","display_name":"American Review of Respiratory Disease","issn_l":"0003-0805","issn":["0003-0805","2376-3752"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316311","host_organization_name":"American Thoracic Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316311"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Thoracic Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"American Review of Respiratory Disease","raw_type":"journal-article"},"parent_works":[],"lineage":["https://openalex.org/W2018186263"],"child_works_count":0,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110413771","display_name":"L. A. Laitinen","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I133731052","display_name":"University of Helsinki","ror":"https://ror.org/040af2s02","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800394112","display_name":"Helsinki University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/02e8hzf44","country_code":"FI","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800394112","https://openalex.org/I4210166427"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"L. A. Laitinen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Department of Allergic Diseases, University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland, Department of Anatomy, University of Helsinki, Finland","Department of Pulmonary Medicine, University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Department of Allergic Diseases, University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland, Department of Anatomy, University of Helsinki, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133731052","https://openalex.org/I2800394112"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pulmonary Medicine, University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800394112"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081732373","display_name":"Alli Laitinen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1221-2206","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1221-2206"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I133731052","display_name":"University of Helsinki","ror":"https://ror.org/040af2s02","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800394112","display_name":"Helsinki University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/02e8hzf44","country_code":"FI","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800394112","https://openalex.org/I4210166427"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Laitinen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Department of Allergic Diseases, University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland, Department of Anatomy, University of Helsinki, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Department of Allergic Diseases, University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland, Department of Anatomy, University of Helsinki, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133731052","https://openalex.org/I2800394112"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017838707","display_name":"Tari Haahtela","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4757-2156","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4757-2156","https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3673-8333"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I133731052","display_name":"University of Helsinki","ror":"https://ror.org/040af2s02","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800394112","display_name":"Helsinki University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/02e8hzf44","country_code":"FI","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800394112","https://openalex.org/I4210166427"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"T. Haahtela","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Department of Allergic Diseases, University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland, Department of Anatomy, University of Helsinki, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Department of Allergic Diseases, University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland, Department of Anatomy, University of Helsinki, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133731052","https://openalex.org/I2800394112"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":32.2167,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":521,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99853598,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"147","issue":"3","first_page":"697","last_page":"704"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10051","display_name":"Asthma and respiratory diseases","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10051","display_name":"Asthma and respiratory diseases","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12208","display_name":"Occupational exposure and asthma","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10877","display_name":"Allergic Rhinitis and Sensitization","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2723","display_name":"Immunology and Allergy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/asthma","display_name":"asthma","score":0.9589999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/newly-diagnosed-asthma","display_name":"newly diagnosed asthma","score":0.8349999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/endobronchial-biopsy","display_name":"bronchial biopsy","score":0.9290000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mast-cells","display_name":"mast cells","score":0.734000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eosinophils","display_name":"eosinophils","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lymphocytes","display_name":"lymphocytes","score":0.9350000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/macrophages","display_name":"macrophages","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plasma-cells","display_name":"plasma cells","score":0.9670000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lamina-propria","display_name":"lamina propria","score":0.9660000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epithelium","display_name":"epithelium","score":0.7360000014305115}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776042228","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35869","display_name":"Asthma","level":2,"score":0.8208217620849609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8143823146820068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776914184","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101991","display_name":"Inflammation","level":2,"score":0.6425917148590088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105922876","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423981","display_name":"Airway","level":2,"score":0.5428426861763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.45730096101760864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42219234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131130","display_name":"Anesthesia","level":1,"score":0.12369474768638611}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001249","descriptor_name":"Asthma","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001706","descriptor_name":"Biopsy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001980","descriptor_name":"Bronchi","qualifier_ui":"Q000648","qualifier_name":"ultrastructure","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001985","descriptor_name":"Bronchial Provocation Tests","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001991","descriptor_name":"Bronchitis","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001999","descriptor_name":"Bronchoscopy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004305","descriptor_name":"Dose-Response Relationship, Drug","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004848","descriptor_name":"Epithelium","qualifier_ui":"Q000648","qualifier_name":"ultrastructure","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006632","descriptor_name":"Histamine","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008854","descriptor_name":"Microscopy, Electron","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009092","descriptor_name":"Mucous Membrane","qualifier_ui":"Q000648","qualifier_name":"ultrastructure","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1164/ajrccm/147.3.697","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm/147.3.697","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm/147.3.697","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2751726451","display_name":"American Review of Respiratory Disease","issn_l":"0003-0805","issn":["0003-0805","2376-3752"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316311","host_organization_name":"American Thoracic Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316311"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Thoracic Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"American Review of Respiratory Disease","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:8442607","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8442607","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The American review of respiratory disease","raw_type":"Comparative Study"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.98580002784729,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W579235387","https://openalex.org/W1592479788","https://openalex.org/W1657740120","https://openalex.org/W1952303879","https://openalex.org/W1977322309","https://openalex.org/W1982621847","https://openalex.org/W1992376271","https://openalex.org/W1995585666","https://openalex.org/W1999590051","https://openalex.org/W2003084114","https://openalex.org/W2017370657","https://openalex.org/W2018123076","https://openalex.org/W2030487512","https://openalex.org/W2069587720","https://openalex.org/W2072173344","https://openalex.org/W2079041573","https://openalex.org/W2080764956","https://openalex.org/W2084443704","https://openalex.org/W2091195241","https://openalex.org/W2114518763","https://openalex.org/W2116164808","https://openalex.org/W2116313488","https://openalex.org/W2118518806","https://openalex.org/W2131131671","https://openalex.org/W2143238483","https://openalex.org/W2152814087","https://openalex.org/W2154945180","https://openalex.org/W2160220254","https://openalex.org/W2283898964","https://openalex.org/W2312870247","https://openalex.org/W2331642892","https://openalex.org/W2402391554","https://openalex.org/W2621317696","https://openalex.org/W3036056004"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2051394653","https://openalex.org/W2031880739","https://openalex.org/W2165586667","https://openalex.org/W2401357113","https://openalex.org/W2297752688","https://openalex.org/W183611856","https://openalex.org/W1983607604","https://openalex.org/W4247310515","https://openalex.org/W1994106142","https://openalex.org/W2594872766"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,195],"have":[1],"studied":[2],"bronchial":[3,50],"biopsies":[4,51],"from":[5,32,61],"14":[6],"patients":[7,37,151,169],"with":[8,152,158],"newly":[9,153],"diagnosed":[10,154],"asthma":[11,20,155],"(four":[12],"men":[13],"and":[14,31,73,90,113,142,184],"10":[15],"women),":[16],"who":[17],"had":[18,19,38,170],"symptoms,":[21],"on":[22],"average,":[23],"7.4":[24],"months":[25],"(range,":[26],"2":[27,100],"to":[28,110],"12":[29],"months)":[30],"four":[33],"control":[34,161,193],"subjects.":[35,162,194],"The":[36,49,83,93],"not":[39],"received":[40],"corticosteroids,":[41],"disodium":[42],"cromoglycate,":[43],"or":[44],"theophylline":[45],"before":[46],"the":[47,68,76,79,107,126,148,164,192,213,216],"study.":[48],"were":[52,85],"taken,":[53],"using":[54],"a":[55,103,117,208,223],"rigid-tube":[56],"bronchoscope":[57],"under":[58],"local":[59],"anaesthesia,":[60],"two":[62],"different":[63],"airway":[64,201],"levels:":[65],"(1)":[66],"inside":[67],"right":[69,80],"upper":[70],"lobe":[71],"bronchus,":[72],"(2)":[74],"at":[75,207],"opening":[77],"of":[78,95,106,128,150,212,222],"middle":[81],"lobe.":[82],"specimens":[84],"prepared":[86],"for":[87],"both":[88],"light":[89],"electron":[91],"microscopy.":[92],"use":[94],"Slot":[96],"grids":[97],"1":[98],"x":[99],"mm":[101],"enabled":[102],"large":[104],"area":[105],"thin":[108],"sections":[109],"be":[111],"photographed":[112],"analyzed":[114],"by":[115,228],"applying":[116],"graphic":[118],"Autocad":[119],"program.":[120],"There":[121],"was":[122],"an":[123,200],"increase":[124],"in":[125,147,160,198],"numbers":[127],"mast":[129],"cells":[130,186],"(p":[131,135,139,144,173,177,181,187],"<":[132,136,140,145,174,178,182,188],"0.001),":[133,175,179,183],"eosinophils":[134,172],"0.05),":[137,141],"lymphocytes":[138,176],"macrophages":[143,180],"0.05)":[146],"epithelium":[149],"as":[156],"compared":[157],"those":[159],"In":[163,215],"lamina":[165],"propria,":[166],"these":[167],"asthmatic":[168,217],"more":[171,229],"plasma":[185],"0.001)":[189],"than":[190,230],"did":[191],"conclude":[196],"that,":[197],"asthma,":[199],"inflammatory":[202,225],"process":[203],"is":[204],"present":[205],"even":[206],"clinically":[209],"early":[210],"stage":[211],"disease.":[214],"airways,":[218],"there":[219],"are":[220],"signs":[221],"general":[224],"response":[226],"caused":[227],"one":[231],"cell":[232],"type.":[233]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":9}],"updated_date":"2026-11-14T11:04:58.165337","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}