{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2018151695","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1515/revneuro-2011-0072","title":"A historical justification for and retrospective analysis of the systematic application of light therapy in Parkinson\u2019s disease","display_name":"A historical justification for and retrospective analysis of the systematic application of light therapy in Parkinson\u2019s disease","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2018151695","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1515/revneuro-2011-0072","mag":"2018151695","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22499678"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1515/revneuro-2011-0072","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1515/revneuro-2011-0072","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1515/revneuro-2011-0072","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S15160710","display_name":"Reviews in the Neurosciences","issn_l":"0334-1763","issn":["0334-1763","2191-0200"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310313990","host_organization_name":"De Gruyter","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310313990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["De Gruyter"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Reviews in the Neurosciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088770561","display_name":"Gregory L. Willis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6755-4129","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6755-4129"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Gregory L. Willis","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Bronowski Clinic, The Bronowski Institute of Behavioural Neuroscience, Coliban Medical Centre, 19 Jennings Street, Kyneton, Victoria 3444, Australia. director@bronowski.org","The Bronowski Clinic, The Bronowski Institute of Behavioural Neuroscience, Coliban Medical Centre, 19 Jennings Street, Kyneton, Victoria 3444, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Bronowski Clinic, The Bronowski Institute of Behavioural Neuroscience, Coliban Medical Centre, 19 Jennings Street, Kyneton, Victoria 3444, Australia. director@bronowski.org","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Bronowski Clinic, The Bronowski Institute of Behavioural Neuroscience, Coliban Medical Centre, 19 Jennings Street, Kyneton, Victoria 3444, Australia","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059558271","display_name":"Cleo Moore","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cleo Moore","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Bronowski Clinic, The Bronowski Institute of Behavioural Neuroscience, Coliban Medical Centre, 19 Jennings Street, Kyneton, Victoria 3444, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Bronowski Clinic, The Bronowski Institute of Behavioural Neuroscience, Coliban Medical Centre, 19 Jennings Street, Kyneton, Victoria 3444, Australia","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112046723","display_name":"Stuart Maxwell Armstrong","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stuart M. Armstrong","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Bronowski Clinic, The Bronowski Institute of Behavioural Neuroscience, Coliban Medical Centre, 19 Jennings Street, Kyneton, Victoria 3444, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Bronowski Clinic, The Bronowski Institute of Behavioural Neuroscience, Coliban Medical Centre, 19 Jennings Street, Kyneton, Victoria 3444, Australia","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5088770561"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2712},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.9906,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":86,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90634112,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":"2","first_page":"199","last_page":"226"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10085","display_name":"Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments","score":0.9907000064849854,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Clinical Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10085","display_name":"Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments","score":0.9907000064849854,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Clinical Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10919","display_name":"Deep Brain Stimulation and Movement Disorders","score":0.002199999988079071,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Clinical Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10614","display_name":"Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Studies","score":0.000699999975040555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parkinson-s-disease","display_name":"Parkinson's disease","score":0.9819999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phototherapy","display_name":"phototherapy","score":0.9769999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dopamine-replacement-therapy","display_name":"dopamine replacement therapy","score":0.925000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nigrostriatal-dopamine-system","display_name":"nigrostriatal dopamine system","score":0.8960000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/retina","display_name":"retina","score":0.9120000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/motor-symptoms","display_name":"motor symptoms","score":0.7089999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/non-motor-symptoms","display_name":"non-motor symptoms","score":0.9909999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/depression","display_name":"depression","score":0.6809999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/insomnia","display_name":"insomnia","score":0.9700000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/treatment-adherence","display_name":"medication adherence","score":0.7789999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pill-burden","display_name":"medication burden","score":0.6800000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disease-progression","display_name":"disease progression","score":0.5789999961853027}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779734285","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11085","display_name":"Parkinson's disease","level":3,"score":0.6189298033714294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.5474746823310852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137627325","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q156318","display_name":"Etiology","level":2,"score":0.5459439754486084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.5409468412399292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776122933","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q243570","display_name":"Light therapy","level":3,"score":0.5202487707138062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C513476851","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170304","display_name":"Dopamine","level":2,"score":0.5092662572860718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167135981","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2146302","display_name":"Retrospective cohort study","level":2,"score":0.49124759435653687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187212893","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q123028","display_name":"Pediatrics","level":1,"score":0.44204649329185486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83849319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7295720","display_name":"Rating scale","level":2,"score":0.4267846345901489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988438704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2996165","display_name":"Motor function","level":2,"score":0.41160574555397034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.3291369080543518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1862650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186005","display_name":"Physical therapy","level":1,"score":0.32604360580444336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.32278358936309814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.30336084961891174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99508421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2678675","display_name":"Physical medicine and rehabilitation","level":1,"score":0.2881407141685486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780733359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q331769","display_name":"Mood","level":2,"score":0.268123984336853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.1035168468952179}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000369","descriptor_name":"Aged, 80 and over","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000704","descriptor_name":"Analysis of Variance","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003131","descriptor_name":"Combined Modality Therapy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003863","descriptor_name":"Depression","qualifier_ui":"Q000628","qualifier_name":"therapy","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004298","descriptor_name":"Dopamine","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007319","descriptor_name":"Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders","qualifier_ui":"Q000628","qualifier_name":"therapy","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008550","descriptor_name":"Melatonin","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010300","descriptor_name":"Parkinson Disease","qualifier_ui":"Q000266","qualifier_name":"history","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010300","descriptor_name":"Parkinson Disease","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010300","descriptor_name":"Parkinson Disease","qualifier_ui":"Q000628","qualifier_name":"therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010789","descriptor_name":"Phototherapy","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011597","descriptor_name":"Psychomotor Performance","qualifier_ui":"Q000528","qualifier_name":"radiation effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012160","descriptor_name":"Retina","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012189","descriptor_name":"Retrospective Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016896","descriptor_name":"Treatment Outcome","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018491","descriptor_name":"Dopamine Agonists","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D018491","descriptor_name":"Dopamine Agonists","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D049674","descriptor_name":"History, 21st Century","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D057906","descriptor_name":"Circadian Clocks","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D062787","descriptor_name":"Drug Overdose","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1515/revneuro-2011-0072","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1515/revneuro-2011-0072","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1515/revneuro-2011-0072","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S15160710","display_name":"Reviews in the Neurosciences","issn_l":"0334-1763","issn":["0334-1763","2191-0200"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310313990","host_organization_name":"De Gruyter","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310313990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["De Gruyter"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Reviews in the Neurosciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:22499678","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22499678","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Reviews in the neurosciences","raw_type":"Historical Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":1.0}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2155648393","https://openalex.org/W2890830681","https://openalex.org/W4200103792","https://openalex.org/W2789820665","https://openalex.org/W7098465590","https://openalex.org/W4386084016","https://openalex.org/W4205468745","https://openalex.org/W4389436809","https://openalex.org/W2748483893","https://openalex.org/W2591913838"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"For":[0],"the":[1,5,22,29,42,48,60,78,92,156,159,205,220,266,269,288,297,317],"past":[2],"40":[3],"years":[4],"primary":[6],"purpose":[7],"of":[8,31,40,44,52,63,94,100,158,246,268,272,278],"therapeutics":[9],"for":[10,118,122,155],"Parkinson's":[11],"disease":[12],"(PD)":[13],"has":[14,55],"been":[15,56],"to":[16,126,171,235,302],"replace":[17],"deficient":[18],"dopamine":[19,24],"(DA)":[20],"in":[21,28,47,84,91,229,280,296],"nigrostriatal":[23],"(NSD)":[25],"system.":[26],"Even":[27],"presence":[30],"limited":[32],"efficacy,":[33],"abundant":[34],"side":[35,256],"effects":[36,176,257],"and":[37,50,59,87,134,145,231,282],"impoverished":[38],"quality":[39],"life,":[41],"involvement":[43],"other":[45,164,183],"systems":[46],"aetiology":[49],"treatment":[51],"this":[53,104],"disorder":[54],"sorely":[57],"neglected":[58],"excessive":[61],"use":[62],"DA":[64],"replacement":[65],"therapy":[66,90,274],"(DART)":[67],"continues":[68],"on":[69,110,209,250],"a":[70,81,97,106,119,123,305],"global":[71,142],"basis.":[72],"Recent":[73],"scientific":[74],"work":[75],"suggests":[76,299],"that":[77,149,300],"retina":[79],"plays":[80],"major":[82],"role":[83],"NSD":[85],"function":[86],"intimates":[88],"light":[89,179,236,251,273],"management":[93],"PD.":[95,322],"After":[96],"thorough":[98],"review":[99],"historical":[101],"evidence":[102],"supporting":[103],"contention,":[105],"retrospective,":[107],"open-label":[108],"study":[109],"129":[111],"PD":[112,247,281],"patients,":[113],"whereby":[114],"they":[115],"were":[116,137,150,180,186,215],"monitored":[117,138],"period":[120],"extending":[121],"few":[124],"months":[125],"eight":[127],"years,":[128],"was":[129,252],"carried":[130],"out.":[131],"Primary":[132],"motor":[133,147,240],"non-motor":[135],"symptoms":[136],"using":[139],"an":[140],"objectified":[141],"rating":[143],"scale":[144],"timed":[146],"tests":[148],"assessed":[151],"at":[152],"regular":[153],"intervals":[154],"duration":[157],"study.":[160],"Thirty-one":[161],"patients":[162,201,214,248,294],"with":[163,178,254,275,310],"neurological":[165],"disorders":[166],"(OND)":[167],"served":[168],"as":[169,188,217,219,292],"controls":[170],"determine":[172],"whether":[173],"any":[174],"therapeutic":[175],"seen":[177],"generalizable":[181],"across":[182],"conditions.":[184],"Patients":[185],"classified":[187],"compliant":[189],"(COM),":[190],"semi-compliant":[191],"(SCOM),":[192],"or":[193,260,315],"early":[194],"quit":[195],"(EQUIT;":[196],"prematurely":[197],"discontinued":[198],"treatment).":[199],"EQUIT":[200,261],"showed":[202,226],"deterioration,":[203],"while":[204],"COM":[206,221],"group":[207,225],"improved":[208],"most":[210],"parameters.":[211],"The":[212,223,242],"SCOM":[213,259],"not":[216,238],"good":[218],"group.":[222],"OND":[224],"significant":[227],"improvement":[228,290],"depression":[230],"insomnia,":[232],"but":[233],"exposure":[234,301],"did":[237],"improve":[239],"function.":[241],"total":[243],"drug":[244],"burden":[245],"maintained":[249],"less":[253],"fewer":[255],"than":[258],"groups.":[262],"These":[263],"results":[264],"confirm":[265],"value":[267],"strategic":[270],"application":[271],"controlled":[276,285,311],"doses":[277],"DART":[279],"warrants":[283],"further":[284],"investigation.":[286],"That":[287],"symptomatic":[289],"continued":[291],"long":[293],"remained":[295],"program":[298],"light,":[303],"under":[304],"strict":[306],"daily":[307],"regimen,":[308],"combined":[309],"DART,":[312],"actively":[313],"slows":[314],"arrests":[316],"progressive":[318],"degenerative":[319],"process":[320],"underlying":[321]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}