{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2018145486","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.8211132","title":"Protein Ladder Sequencing","display_name":"Protein Ladder Sequencing","publication_year":1993,"publication_date":"1993-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2018145486","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.8211132","mag":"2018145486","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8211132"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1126/science.8211132","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.8211132","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.8211132","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3880285","display_name":"Science","issn_l":"0036-8075","issn":["0036-8075","0193-4511","1095-9203"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315823","host_organization_name":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315823"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Association for the Advancement of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"parent_works":[],"lineage":["https://openalex.org/W2018145486"],"child_works_count":0,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084513610","display_name":"Brian T. Chait","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3524-557X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3524-557X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83399316","display_name":"Rockefeller University","ror":"https://ror.org/0420db125","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83399316"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Brian T. Chait","raw_affiliation_strings":["Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10021"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10021","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83399316"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103253543","display_name":"Rong Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0320-9101","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0320-9101"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83399316","display_name":"Rockefeller University","ror":"https://ror.org/0420db125","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83399316"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rong Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10021"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10021","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83399316"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057692877","display_name":"Ronald C. Beavis","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130438778","display_name":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","ror":"https://ror.org/04haebc03","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130438778"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ronald C. Beavis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada A1B 3X7"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada A1B 3X7","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130438778"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024175774","display_name":"Stephen B. H. Kent","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7262-1875","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7262-1875"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I123431417","display_name":"Scripps Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/02dxx6824","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I123431417"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stephen B. H. Kent","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I123431417"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":19.284,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":313,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99910406,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"262","issue":"5130","first_page":"89","last_page":"92"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10683","display_name":"Mass Spectrometry Techniques and Applications","score":0.6128000020980835,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1607","display_name":"Spectroscopy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10683","display_name":"Mass Spectrometry Techniques and Applications","score":0.6128000020980835,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1607","display_name":"Spectroscopy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10519","display_name":"Advanced Proteomics Techniques and Applications","score":0.38280001282691956,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1607","display_name":"Spectroscopy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10911","display_name":"Chemical Synthesis and Analysis","score":0.000699999975040555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1605","display_name":"Organic Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protein-sequencing","display_name":"protein sequencing","score":0.9850000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amino-acid-identification","display_name":"amino acid recognition","score":0.7490000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phosphopeptides","display_name":"phosphopeptides","score":0.9800000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/next-generation-sequencing","display_name":"next-generation sequencing","score":0.527999997138977}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779933727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187535","display_name":"Phosphopeptide","level":3,"score":0.7791278958320618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780307904","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2701649","display_name":"Phosphoserine","level":4,"score":0.6854802370071411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779281246","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172847","display_name":"Peptide","level":2,"score":0.6011070013046265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162356407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180809","display_name":"Mass spectrometry","level":2,"score":0.5754011869430542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.5427106022834778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781338088","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q903495","display_name":"Residue (chemistry)","level":2,"score":0.5336528420448303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10010492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3142557","display_name":"Protein sequencing","level":4,"score":0.5314387679100037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167625842","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899763","display_name":"Peptide sequence","level":3,"score":0.4853571951389313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51679486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380546","display_name":"DNA sequencing","level":3,"score":0.46868589520454407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C515207424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8066","display_name":"Amino acid","level":2,"score":0.44408372044563293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778112365","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3511065","display_name":"Sequence (biology)","level":2,"score":0.4206567704677582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75280812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190382","display_name":"Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization","level":4,"score":0.41754886507987976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21951064","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899212","display_name":"Combinatorial chemistry","level":1,"score":0.3753383457660675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43617362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050","display_name":"Chromatography","level":1,"score":0.36201801896095276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162711632","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905514","display_name":"Desorption","level":3,"score":0.36180394887924194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70721500","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177005","display_name":"Computational biology","level":1,"score":0.34791135787963867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.2336074709892273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.21886038780212402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C552990157","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7430","display_name":"DNA","level":2,"score":0.15246427059173584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.10759511590003967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776414213","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183290","display_name":"Serine","level":3,"score":0.09552174806594849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.09162017703056335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150394285","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180254","display_name":"Adsorption","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181199279","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8047","display_name":"Enzyme","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000595","descriptor_name":"Amino Acid Sequence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005345","descriptor_name":"Fibrinopeptide B","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008969","descriptor_name":"Molecular Sequence Data","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010455","descriptor_name":"Peptides","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013058","descriptor_name":"Mass Spectrometry","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017421","descriptor_name":"Sequence Analysis","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1126/science.8211132","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.8211132","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.8211132","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3880285","display_name":"Science","issn_l":"0036-8075","issn":["0036-8075","0193-4511","1095-9203"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315823","host_organization_name":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315823"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Association for the Advancement of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:8211132","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8211132","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Science (New York, N.Y.)","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2509980943","display_name":"Natl Resource for Mass Spectrom of Biolog Macromolecules","funder_award_id":"P41RR000862","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337375","funder_display_name":"National Center for Research Resources"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4340432993","display_name":"MS METHOD FOR ULTRASENSITIVE PEPTIDE SEQUENCE ANALYSIS","funder_award_id":"R01GM038274","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337354","funder_display_name":"National Institute of General Medical Sciences"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337354","display_name":"National Institute of General Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04q48ey07"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337375","display_name":"National Center for Research Resources","ror":"https://ror.org/04pw6fb54"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W115698804","https://openalex.org/W1041041130","https://openalex.org/W1179257163","https://openalex.org/W1469833000","https://openalex.org/W1600871831","https://openalex.org/W1877737045","https://openalex.org/W1921755785","https://openalex.org/W1970686820","https://openalex.org/W1972926169","https://openalex.org/W1979684936","https://openalex.org/W1983939557","https://openalex.org/W1991174482","https://openalex.org/W1992595091","https://openalex.org/W2007256938","https://openalex.org/W2019744607","https://openalex.org/W2021840092","https://openalex.org/W2027168767","https://openalex.org/W2032285333","https://openalex.org/W2034545703","https://openalex.org/W2035670393","https://openalex.org/W2054306189","https://openalex.org/W2063245005","https://openalex.org/W2064614623","https://openalex.org/W2068412543","https://openalex.org/W2072671787","https://openalex.org/W2081545117","https://openalex.org/W2085474307","https://openalex.org/W2110420813","https://openalex.org/W2113375226","https://openalex.org/W2131593670","https://openalex.org/W2138270253","https://openalex.org/W2146837416","https://openalex.org/W2154222508","https://openalex.org/W2156573200","https://openalex.org/W2169838115","https://openalex.org/W2442857327","https://openalex.org/W2487297842","https://openalex.org/W4251700885"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W115698804","https://openalex.org/W6898274","https://openalex.org/W4240020893","https://openalex.org/W2395301313","https://openalex.org/W1557012839","https://openalex.org/W2417485009","https://openalex.org/W2050569192","https://openalex.org/W103898275","https://openalex.org/W2113375226","https://openalex.org/W2031735967"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"new":[1],"approach":[2],"to":[3,91,107],"protein":[4,52,101],"sequencing":[5,53,103],"is":[6],"described.":[7],"It":[8],"consists":[9],"of":[10,26,29,49,82],"two":[11],"steps:":[12],"(i)":[13],"ladder-generating":[14],"chemistry,":[15],"the":[16,36,50,66,73,76,80,83],"controlled":[17],"generation":[18],"from":[19,35,65],"a":[20,27,46,94,98],"polypeptide":[21],"chain":[22],"by":[23,38,55],"wet":[24],"chemistry":[25],"family":[28],"sequence-defining":[30],"peptide":[31,85],"fragments,":[32],"each":[33],"differing":[34],"next":[37],"one":[39],"amino":[40,61],"acid;":[41],"and":[42,72],"(ii)":[43],"data":[44,77],"readout,":[45],"one-step":[47],"readout":[48],"resulting":[51],"ladder":[54,102],"matrix-assisted":[56],"laser-desorption":[57],"mass":[58,67],"spectrometry.":[59],"Each":[60],"acid":[62],"was":[63,89],"identified":[64],"difference":[68],"between":[69],"successive":[70],"peaks,":[71],"position":[74],"in":[75,97],"set":[78],"defined":[79],"sequence":[81],"original":[84],"chain.":[86],"This":[87],"method":[88,104],"used":[90],"directly":[92],"locate":[93],"phosphoserine":[95],"residue":[96],"phosphopeptide.":[99],"The":[100],"lends":[105],"itself":[106],"very":[108,113],"high":[109],"sample":[110],"throughput":[111],"at":[112],"low":[114],"per":[115],"cycle":[116],"cost.":[117]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
