{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2018073687","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1086/628769","title":"Origin of Hydrogen and Carbon Dioxide in Fault Gases and Its Relation to Fault Activity","display_name":"Origin of Hydrogen and Carbon Dioxide in Fault Gases and Its Relation to Fault Activity","publication_year":1983,"publication_date":"1983-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2018073687","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1086/628769","mag":"2018073687"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1086/628769","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1086/628769","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1086/628769","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S99859448","display_name":"The Journal of Geology","issn_l":"0022-1376","issn":["0022-1376","1537-5269"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315672","host_organization_name":"University of Chicago Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315672","https://openalex.org/P4310315690"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of Chicago Press","University of Chicago"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of Geology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"parent_works":[],"lineage":["https://openalex.org/W2018073687"],"child_works_count":0,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059637493","display_name":"Ryuichi Sugisaki","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ryuichi Sugisaki","raw_affiliation_strings":[""],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030226291","display_name":"Masahiko IDO","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Masahiko Ido","raw_affiliation_strings":[""],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Hiroshi Takeda","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hiroshi Takeda","raw_affiliation_strings":[""],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Yumiko Isobe","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yumiko Isobe","raw_affiliation_strings":[""],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Yoshimitsu Hayashi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yoshimitsu Hayashi","raw_affiliation_strings":[""],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Noriaki Nakamura","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Noriaki Nakamura","raw_affiliation_strings":[""],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086434717","display_name":"Hiroshi Satake","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3500-5755","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3500-5755"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hiroshi Satake","raw_affiliation_strings":[""],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113655276","display_name":"Yoshihiko Mizutani","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yoshihiko Mizutani","raw_affiliation_strings":[""],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":7.308,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":211,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96481233,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"91","issue":"3","first_page":"239","last_page":"258"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10399","display_name":"Hydrocarbon exploration and reservoir analysis","score":0.44510000944137573,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1907","display_name":"Geology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10399","display_name":"Hydrocarbon exploration and reservoir analysis","score":0.44510000944137573,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1907","display_name":"Geology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10110","display_name":"earthquake and tectonic studies","score":0.2542000114917755,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1908","display_name":"Geophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10001","display_name":"Geological and Geochemical Analysis","score":0.14659999310970306,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1906","display_name":"Geochemistry and Petrology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hydrogen","display_name":"hydrogen","score":0.7929999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carbon-dioxide","display_name":"carbon dioxide","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/active-faults","display_name":"active faults","score":0.6850000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault-activity","display_name":"fault activity","score":0.593999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/organic-carbon","display_name":"organic carbon","score":0.3540000021457672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carbon-isotopes","display_name":"carbon isotopes","score":0.6480000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/marble","display_name":"marble","score":0.38100001215934753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quaternary-faults","display_name":"Quaternary faults","score":0.718999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/historical-earthquakes","display_name":"historical earthquakes","score":0.8190000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/groundwater-rock-interaction","display_name":"groundwater-rock interaction","score":0.5139999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault-monitoring","display_name":"fault monitoring","score":0.30799999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/earthquake-precursors","display_name":"earthquake precursors","score":0.6380000114440918}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C530467964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1997","display_name":"Carbon dioxide","level":2,"score":0.7632248401641846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.6899926662445068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175551986","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47089","display_name":"Fault (geology)","level":2,"score":0.687670111656189},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25343380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q277521","display_name":"Relation (database)","level":2,"score":0.6304967403411865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512968161","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q556","display_name":"Hydrogen","level":2,"score":0.5908660888671875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165205528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83371","display_name":"Seismology","level":1,"score":0.2705845236778259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.1101999580860138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0641908049583435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.058185964822769165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1086/628769","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1086/628769","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1086/628769","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S99859448","display_name":"The Journal of Geology","issn_l":"0022-1376","issn":["0022-1376","1537-5269"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315672","host_organization_name":"University of Chicago Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315672","https://openalex.org/P4310315690"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of Chicago Press","University of Chicago"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of Geology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1970078516","https://openalex.org/W1979493053","https://openalex.org/W1995345494","https://openalex.org/W2014440695","https://openalex.org/W2027058319","https://openalex.org/W2027345806","https://openalex.org/W2045469782","https://openalex.org/W2047859324","https://openalex.org/W2059849751","https://openalex.org/W2066148829","https://openalex.org/W2075011831","https://openalex.org/W2081631877","https://openalex.org/W2082147615","https://openalex.org/W2083190952","https://openalex.org/W2086956057","https://openalex.org/W2088568769","https://openalex.org/W2109383395","https://openalex.org/W2139956420","https://openalex.org/W2151789039","https://openalex.org/W2155596931","https://openalex.org/W2179323784","https://openalex.org/W2329916913"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2514182787","https://openalex.org/W2515766407","https://openalex.org/W2004465142","https://openalex.org/W2033844677","https://openalex.org/W2027345806","https://openalex.org/W2783956829","https://openalex.org/W4386893583","https://openalex.org/W2607194519","https://openalex.org/W890637769","https://openalex.org/W1979493053"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Gases":[0],"occluded":[1],"in":[2,35,65,93,123,216],"fracture":[3],"zones":[4],"of":[5,14,60,106,128,154,214],"active":[6,109,218],"faults":[7,110,132,189,193],"are":[8],"characterized":[9],"by":[10,74,167,197],"a":[11,101,210],"high":[12,119],"concentration":[13,34,99,105,127],"$$H_{2}$$":[15,107,129,148,199,215],"and/or":[16],"$$CO_{2}$$.":[17],"A":[18],"predominant":[19],"gas":[20],"species-$$H_{2}$$":[21],"or":[22,83],"$$CO_{2}$$-is":[23],"related":[24],"to":[25,62,117,173,234],"the":[26,29,81,126,162,177,198],"lithofacies":[27],"which":[28],"fault":[30],"cuts.":[31],"Carbon":[32,55],"dioxide":[33,56],"sediments":[36],"fluctuates":[37,100],"with":[38,57,112,135,171,183],"temperature.":[39],"This":[40],"evidence":[41],"and":[42,80,97,158,190],"$$\\sigma":[43,58],"^{13}C$$":[44,59],"of$$CO_{2}$$":[45],"(about":[46],"-20\u2030)":[47],"suggests":[48,209],"that":[49,146,161,231],"$$CO_{2}$$":[50,79],"originates":[51],"from":[52,108,130,151],"organic":[53],"materials.":[54],"5\u2030":[61],"-":[63],"17\u2030":[64],"brecciated":[66],"gneiss":[67],"containing":[68],"marble":[69],"may":[70,85],"have":[71,86],"been":[72,87],"produced":[73],"interaction":[75],"between":[76,186],"organically":[77],"derived":[78],"marble,":[82],"alternatively,":[84],"magmatically":[88],"derived.":[89],"Hydrogen":[90,201,220],"usually":[91,115],"occurs":[92],"sheared":[94],"silicate":[95],"rocks,":[96],"its":[98,181],"great":[102],"deal.":[103],"The":[104],"associated":[111,134],"historical":[113,136],"earthquakes":[114,137],"amounts":[116],"as":[118,120,204,206],"several":[121],"percent":[122],"maximum,":[124],"whereas":[125],"Quaternary":[131,192],"not":[133],"is":[138,149],"at":[139,222,227],"most":[140],"100":[141],"ppm.":[142],"Laboratory":[143],"experiments":[144],"showed":[145],"much":[147],"generated":[150],"paste":[152],"made":[153,196],"newly":[155],"pulverized":[156],"rocks":[157],"water,":[159],"suggesting":[160],"fresh":[163],"mineral":[164,178],"surface":[165,179],"formed":[166],"tectonic":[168],"stresses":[169],"reacts":[170],"groundwater":[172],"produce":[174],"$$H_{2}$$.":[175],"Since":[176],"loses":[180],"activity":[182],"time,":[184],"discrimination":[185],"recently":[187],"moved":[188],"other":[191],"can":[194],"be":[195],"concentration.":[200],"isotope":[202],"thermometer,":[203],"well":[205],"field":[207],"evidence,":[208],"deep":[211],"seated":[212],"origin":[213],"an":[217],"fault.":[219],"measurements":[221],"monitoring":[223],"stations":[224],"offer":[225],"information":[226],"depth":[228],"on":[229],"mechanisms":[230],"operate":[232],"prior":[233],"earthquakes.":[235]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-12T12:28:57.059296","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}