{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2017814394","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1098-2760(19990620)21:6<399::aid-mop3>3.0.co;2-z","title":"Fast multipole method for scattering from 3-D PEC targets situated in a half-space environment","display_name":"Fast multipole method for scattering from 3-D PEC targets situated in a half-space environment","publication_year":1999,"publication_date":"1999-06-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2017814394","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1098-2760(19990620)21:6<399::aid-mop3>3.0.co;2-z","mag":"2017814394"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/(sici)1098-2760(19990620)21:6<399::aid-mop3>3.0.co;2-z","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1098-2760(19990620)21:6<399::aid-mop3>3.0.co;2-z","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1098-2760(19990620)21:6<399::aid-mop3>3.0.co;2-z","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S59479367","display_name":"Microwave and Optical Technology Letters","issn_l":"0895-2477","issn":["0895-2477","1098-2760"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Microwave and Optical Technology Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082278500","display_name":"Norbert Geng","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102335020","display_name":"Karlsruhe Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04t3en479","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102335020","https://openalex.org/I1305996414"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Norbert Geng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institut fu\u0308r Ho\u0308chstrequenztechnik und Elektronik, Universita\u0308t Karlsruhe, D-76128 Karlsruhe, Germany","Institut f\u00fcr H\u00f6chstrequenztechnik und Elektronik, Universit\u00e4t Karlsruhe, D\u201076128 Karlsruhe, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut fu\u0308r Ho\u0308chstrequenztechnik und Elektronik, Universita\u0308t Karlsruhe, D-76128 Karlsruhe, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102335020"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut f\u00fcr H\u00f6chstrequenztechnik und Elektronik, Universit\u00e4t Karlsruhe, D\u201076128 Karlsruhe, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102335020"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112577036","display_name":"Anders Sullivan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170897317","display_name":"Duke University","ror":"https://ror.org/00py81415","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anders Sullivan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016448581","display_name":"Lawrence Carin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6277-7948","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6277-7948"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170897317","display_name":"Duke University","ror":"https://ror.org/00py81415","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lawrence Carin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2470,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2470},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.7181,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":21,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83054883,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"6","first_page":"399","last_page":"405"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10739","display_name":"Electromagnetic Scattering and Analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10739","display_name":"Electromagnetic Scattering and Analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11263","display_name":"Electromagnetic Simulation and Numerical Methods","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11739","display_name":"Microwave Imaging and Scattering Analysis","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fast-multipole-method","display_name":"fast multipole method","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electromagnetic-scattering","display_name":"electromagnetic scattering","score":0.972000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perfect-electric-conductor","display_name":"perfect electric conductor","score":0.6800000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/three-dimensional-targets","display_name":"three-dimensional targets","score":0.675000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dyadic-green-s-function","display_name":"dyadic Green's function","score":0.9779999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-images","display_name":"real images","score":0.6359999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dispersive-media","display_name":"dispersive media","score":0.6620000004768372}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52765159","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1027847","display_name":"Multipole expansion","level":2,"score":0.661664605140686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135115559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5437040","display_name":"Fast multipole method","level":3,"score":0.6239711046218872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780033567","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6823720","display_name":"Method of moments (probability theory)","level":3,"score":0.6083702445030212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65682993","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1056451","display_name":"Reflection (computer programming)","level":2,"score":0.49184441566467285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191486275","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210028","display_name":"Scattering","level":2,"score":0.4873145520687103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5917680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2621825","display_name":"Basis function","level":2,"score":0.4569942355155945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.4411430060863495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778572836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380933","display_name":"Space (punctuation)","level":2,"score":0.4331146776676178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165021410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55564","display_name":"Lossy compression","level":2,"score":0.4268544018268585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44838205","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q127995","display_name":"Microwave","level":2,"score":0.4206509590148926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.4077370762825012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.39072373509407043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.3508319854736328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.33233410120010376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30475298","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q909554","display_name":"Computational physics","level":1,"score":0.33004996180534363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.29737329483032227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.12283021211624146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185429906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1130160","display_name":"Estimator","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/(sici)1098-2760(19990620)21:6<399::aid-mop3>3.0.co;2-z","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1098-2760(19990620)21:6<399::aid-mop3>3.0.co;2-z","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1098-2760(19990620)21:6<399::aid-mop3>3.0.co;2-z","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S59479367","display_name":"Microwave and Optical Technology Letters","issn_l":"0895-2477","issn":["0895-2477","1098-2760"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Microwave and Optical Technology Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1642507805","https://openalex.org/W1985855190","https://openalex.org/W2032800114","https://openalex.org/W2042772092","https://openalex.org/W2046476805","https://openalex.org/W2049232803","https://openalex.org/W2054380687","https://openalex.org/W2084385130","https://openalex.org/W2093670829","https://openalex.org/W2106834506","https://openalex.org/W2128556617","https://openalex.org/W2134452878","https://openalex.org/W2136391763","https://openalex.org/W2138771025","https://openalex.org/W2142205575","https://openalex.org/W2163068304"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2138674591","https://openalex.org/W1596230030","https://openalex.org/W2390186638","https://openalex.org/W2042566268","https://openalex.org/W1997069169","https://openalex.org/W1716095125","https://openalex.org/W3131611376","https://openalex.org/W1977162276","https://openalex.org/W2120631501","https://openalex.org/W2166310714"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,25],"fast":[1],"multipole":[2],"method":[3],"(FMM)":[4],"is":[5],"extended":[6],"to":[7,83],"the":[8,43,49,54,63,67,111],"problem":[9],"of":[10],"an":[11,33],"arbitrary,":[12],"three-dimensional":[13],"perfect":[14],"conductor":[15],"situated":[16],"above":[17,101],"or":[18],"below":[19],"a":[20,92,102,114],"lossy,":[21,103],"dielectric":[22],"half":[23,105],"space.":[24],"interactions":[26,58],"between":[27,110],"basis":[28],"and":[29,36,75,100,113],"testing":[30],"functions":[31],"within":[32],"FMM":[34,112],"cluster,":[35],"for":[37,91],"nearby":[38],"clusters,":[39],"are":[40,59,89],"handled":[41],"via":[42,72],"rigorous":[44,115],"dyadic":[45,68],"Green's":[46,69],"function,":[47],"with":[48,66,107],"latter":[50],"evaluated":[51],"efficiently":[52],"using":[53],"complex-image":[55],"technique.":[56],"Intercluster":[57],"modeled":[60],"as":[61],"in":[62,97],"free-space":[64],"FMM,":[65],"function":[70],"approximated":[71],"real":[73],"images":[74],"equivalent":[76],"reflection":[77],"coefficients;":[78],"these":[79],"approximations":[80],"have":[81],"proven":[82],"be":[84],"highly":[85],"accurate.":[86],"Example":[87],"results":[88],"presented":[90,109],"large":[93],"trihedral":[94],"fiducial":[95],"target,":[96],"free":[98],"space":[99],"dispersive":[104],"space,":[106],"comparisons":[108],"method-of-moments":[116],"(MoM)":[117],"solution.":[118],"\u00a91999":[119],"John":[120],"Wiley":[121],"&":[122],"Sons,":[123],"Inc.":[124],"Microwave":[125],"Opt":[126],"Technol":[127],"Lett":[128],"21:":[129],"399\u2013405,":[130],"1999.":[131]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}