{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2017807118","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0021932098002612","title":"THE PREVALENCE AND DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS OF CONSANGUINEOUS MARRIAGES IN PAKISTAN","display_name":"THE PREVALENCE AND DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS OF CONSANGUINEOUS MARRIAGES IN PAKISTAN","publication_year":1998,"publication_date":"1998-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2017807118","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0021932098002612","mag":"2017807118","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9746828"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1017/s0021932098002612","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0021932098002612","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0021932098002612","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S167809449","display_name":"Journal of Biosocial Science","issn_l":"0021-9320","issn":["0021-9320","1469-7599"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Biosocial Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091839790","display_name":"Rafat Hussain","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2900-4457","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2900-4457"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118185606","display_name":"Aga Khan University","ror":"https://ror.org/03gd0dm95","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118185606","https://openalex.org/I4210114929"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. HUSSAIN","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan","Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakist\u00e1n"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118185606"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakist\u00e1n","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118185606"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025302538","display_name":"Alan Holland Bittles","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8176-2730","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8176-2730"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12079687","display_name":"Edith Cowan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05jhnwe22","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12079687"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. H. BITTLES","raw_affiliation_strings":["Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12079687"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":3550,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3550},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":20.6287,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":265,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99215825,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"30","issue":"2","first_page":"261","last_page":"275"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14348","display_name":"Marriage and Family Dynamics","score":0.9643999934196472,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14348","display_name":"Marriage and Family Dynamics","score":0.9643999934196472,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10585","display_name":"Family Dynamics and Relationships","score":0.013799999840557575,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3317","display_name":"Demography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12728","display_name":"Demographic Trends and Gender Preferences","score":0.00419999985024333,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3318","display_name":"Gender Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/consanguineous-marriage","display_name":"consanguineous marriage","score":0.9950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inbreeding","display_name":"inbreeding","score":0.7749999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/first-cousin-marriage","display_name":"first cousin marriage","score":0.718999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inbreeding-coefficient","display_name":"inbreeding coefficient","score":0.8629999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sociodemographic-correlates","display_name":"sociodemographic correlates","score":0.7580000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/karachi","display_name":"Karachi","score":0.7590000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rural-to-urban-migration","display_name":"rural-urban migration","score":0.7300000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/educational-attainment","display_name":"educational attainment","score":0.5899999737739563}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2911029604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846902","display_name":"Consanguineous Marriage","level":3,"score":0.756430983543396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.6525669097900391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137403100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41710","display_name":"Ethnic group","level":2,"score":0.6451572179794312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779923321","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q774347","display_name":"Consanguinity","level":2,"score":0.6378874778747559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.5914252996444702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777782036","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38978","display_name":"Inbreeding","level":3,"score":0.48390087485313416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.42196953296661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45355965","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1643441","display_name":"Socioeconomics","level":1,"score":0.41926082968711853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129047720","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175185","display_name":"Rural area","level":2,"score":0.41249018907546997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.3099420666694641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187212893","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q123028","display_name":"Pediatrics","level":1,"score":0.1827547550201416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.12116748094558716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19165224","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23404","display_name":"Anthropology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003241","descriptor_name":"Consanguinity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003710","descriptor_name":"Demography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008393","descriptor_name":"Marriage","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010154","descriptor_name":"Pakistan","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011795","descriptor_name":"Surveys and Questionnaires","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015995","descriptor_name":"Prevalence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1017/s0021932098002612","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0021932098002612","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0021932098002612","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S167809449","display_name":"Journal of Biosocial Science","issn_l":"0021-9320","issn":["0021-9320","1469-7599"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Biosocial Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:9746828","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9746828","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of biosocial science","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:alma.61MUN_INST:11136116780007891","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://researchportal.murdoch.edu.au/esploro/outputs/journalArticle/The-prevalence-and-demographic-characteristics-of/991005543511307891","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400274","display_name":"Murdoch University Research Portal","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I176790772","host_organization_name":"Murdoch University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I176790772"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au:12572","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/12572/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400274","display_name":"Murdoch University Research Portal","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I176790772","host_organization_name":"Murdoch University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I176790772"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Hussain, R. and Bittles, A.H. &lt;http://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/view/author/Bittles, Alan.html&gt; (1998) The prevalence and demographic characteristics of consanguineous marriages in Pakistan. Journal of Biosocial Science, 30 (2). pp. 261-275.","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.5683000087738037,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.5,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311904","display_name":"Wellcome Trust","ror":"https://ror.org/029chgv08"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1963819487","https://openalex.org/W1980927228","https://openalex.org/W1987766810","https://openalex.org/W1995810447","https://openalex.org/W2016554976","https://openalex.org/W2020312071","https://openalex.org/W2023121882","https://openalex.org/W2026333937","https://openalex.org/W2041007883","https://openalex.org/W2048470767","https://openalex.org/W2055702646","https://openalex.org/W2088910229","https://openalex.org/W2093075442","https://openalex.org/W2126445148","https://openalex.org/W2152729123","https://openalex.org/W2155187131","https://openalex.org/W2395802368","https://openalex.org/W2412310583","https://openalex.org/W2438977491","https://openalex.org/W2791286194","https://openalex.org/W2991601160"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4318827717","https://openalex.org/W4223960325","https://openalex.org/W2801595324","https://openalex.org/W7216236903","https://openalex.org/W4405645758","https://openalex.org/W4391533802","https://openalex.org/W2901867441","https://openalex.org/W2157799856","https://openalex.org/W2055702646","https://openalex.org/W1624679771"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Consanguineous":[0,133],"marriages":[1,82],"are":[2,52],"strongly":[3],"preferred":[4],"in":[5,23,36,99,161,165],"much":[6],"of":[7,20,43,49,75,81,87,96,119,158],"West":[8],"and":[9,17,27,39,62,105,110,168],"South":[10],"Asia.":[11],"This":[12],"paper":[13],"examines":[14],"the":[15,45,50,57,100,108,117,127,162],"prevalence":[16,118],"sociodemographic":[18],"correlates":[19],"consanguineous":[21,120],"unions":[22,121,134],"Pakistan":[24,60,159],"using":[25],"local":[26],"national":[28,58],"data.":[29],"Information":[30],"from":[31,56,155],"1011":[32],"ever-married":[33],"women":[34,139],"living":[35],"four":[37,131],"multi-ethnic":[38],"multi-lingual":[40],"squatter":[41],"settlements":[42],"Karachi,":[44],"main":[46],"commercial":[47],"centre":[48],"country,":[51],"compared":[53],"with":[54],"data":[55,112],"1990/91":[59],"Demographic":[61],"Health":[63],"Survey":[64],"(PDHS),":[65],"based":[66],"on":[67],"information":[68],"provided":[69],"by":[70],"6611":[71],"women.":[72],"Both":[73],"sets":[74],"results":[76],"indicate":[77],"that":[78],"approximately":[79],"60%":[80],"were":[83,89,103,135,141,149,171],"consanguineous,":[84],"over":[85,126],"80%":[86],"which":[88],"between":[90],"first":[91,150],"cousins.":[92],"The":[93],"mean":[94],"coefficients":[95],"inbreeding":[97],"(F)":[98],"present":[101],"generation":[102,153],"0.0316":[104],"0.0331":[106],"for":[107],"Karachi":[109],"PDHS":[111],"respectively.":[113],"In":[114],"both":[115],"surveys":[116],"appeared":[122],"to":[123,130],"be":[124],"unchanged":[125],"past":[128],"three":[129],"decades.":[132],"more":[136],"common":[137],"among":[138],"who":[140],"illiterate":[142],"or":[143,151],"had":[144],"only":[145],"primary":[146],"level":[147],"education,":[148],"second":[152],"migrants":[154],"rural":[156,166],"areas":[157],"or,":[160],"PDHS,":[163],"lived":[164],"areas,":[167],"whose":[169],"parents":[170],"also":[172],"consanguineously":[173],"married.":[174]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":8}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
