{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2017731297","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/2.1200812.1434","title":"Improving contrast of the nonlinear optical microscope","display_name":"Improving contrast of the nonlinear optical microscope","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2017731297","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/2.1200812.1434","mag":"2017731297"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1117/2.1200812.1434","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/2.1200812.1434","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1117/2.1200812.1434","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S79691641","display_name":"SPIE Newsroom","issn_l":"1818-2259","issn":["1818-2259"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315543","host_organization_name":"SPIE","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315543"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SPIE"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SPIE Newsroom","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058058946","display_name":"Eric Olaf Potma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3916-6131","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3916-6131"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Eric Potma","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5058058946"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.1575823,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10540","display_name":"Advanced Fluorescence Microscopy Techniques","score":0.8773999810218811,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1304","display_name":"Biophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10540","display_name":"Advanced Fluorescence Microscopy Techniques","score":0.8773999810218811,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1304","display_name":"Biophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11324","display_name":"Spectroscopy Techniques in Biomedical and Chemical Research","score":0.035599999129772186,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1304","display_name":"Biophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11050","display_name":"Photorefractive and Nonlinear Optics","score":0.00989999994635582,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonlinear-optical-microscopy","display_name":"nonlinear optical microscopy","score":0.9860000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-contrast-enhancement","display_name":"image contrast enhancement","score":0.7770000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/second-harmonic-generation-microscopy","display_name":"second harmonic generation microscopy","score":0.5569999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/third-harmonic-generation-microscopy","display_name":"third harmonic generation microscopy","score":0.6809999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multiphoton-microscopy","display_name":"multiphoton microscopy","score":0.5529999732971191}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776502983","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q690182","display_name":"Contrast (vision)","level":2,"score":0.7500503063201904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67649825","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q196538","display_name":"Microscope","level":2,"score":0.6317500472068787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.5607828497886658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77017923","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q912313","display_name":"Optical microscope","level":3,"score":0.5369657278060913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2991936344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q756033","display_name":"Nonlinear optical","level":3,"score":0.512908935546875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158622935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660848","display_name":"Nonlinear system","level":2,"score":0.45784705877304077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147080431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074953","display_name":"Microscopy","level":2,"score":0.4547029435634613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.4515036344528198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.18381360173225403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26771246","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q321095","display_name":"Scanning electron microscope","level":2,"score":0.10976621508598328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1117/2.1200812.1434","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/2.1200812.1434","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1117/2.1200812.1434","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S79691641","display_name":"SPIE Newsroom","issn_l":"1818-2259","issn":["1818-2259"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315543","host_organization_name":"SPIE","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315543"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SPIE"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SPIE Newsroom","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.5}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4290981188","https://openalex.org/W2480363869","https://openalex.org/W6983777672","https://openalex.org/W1975192012","https://openalex.org/W2140399380","https://openalex.org/W1672494238","https://openalex.org/W3145559437","https://openalex.org/W1982760770","https://openalex.org/W3087987344","https://openalex.org/W2051453378"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-09-22T06:50:58.402377","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
