{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2017670310","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1101/gad.5.4.616","title":"RAP1 protein activates and silences transcription of mating-type genes in yeast.","display_name":"RAP1 protein activates and silences transcription of mating-type genes in yeast.","publication_year":1991,"publication_date":"1991-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2017670310","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1101/gad.5.4.616","mag":"2017670310","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2010087"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1101/gad.5.4.616","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1101/gad.5.4.616","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1101/gad.5.4.616","pdf_url":"http://genesdev.cshlp.org/content/5/4/616.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S168778273","display_name":"Genes & Development","issn_l":"0890-9369","issn":["0890-9369","1549-5477"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315909","host_organization_name":"Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315909"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Genes & Development","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"http://genesdev.cshlp.org/content/5/4/616.full.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075070858","display_name":"Stephen E. Kurtz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4762-389X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4762-389X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78577930","display_name":"Columbia University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj8s172","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S Kurtz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Microbiology, College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Microbiology, College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033087436","display_name":"David Shore","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9859-143X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9859-143X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78577930","display_name":"Columbia University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj8s172","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D Shore","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Microbiology, College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032","Columbia University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Microbiology, College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Columbia University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":161,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"5","issue":"4","first_page":"616","last_page":"628"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10497","display_name":"Fungal and yeast genetics research","score":0.6000999808311462,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10497","display_name":"Fungal and yeast genetics research","score":0.6000999808311462,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10222","display_name":"Genomics and Chromatin Dynamics","score":0.38350000977516174,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10120","display_name":"Bacterial Genetics and Biotechnology","score":0.0026000000070780516,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rap1","display_name":"Rap1","score":0.8550000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mating-type-genes","display_name":"mating type genes","score":0.8050000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transcriptional-gene-silencing","display_name":"transcriptional silencing","score":0.8059999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transcriptional-activation","display_name":"transcriptional activation","score":0.9470000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/temperature-sensitive-mutation","display_name":"temperature-sensitive mutation","score":0.7269999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gal4","display_name":"GAL4","score":0.6620000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/saccharomyces-cerevisiae","display_name":"Saccharomyces cerevisiae","score":0.8640000224113464}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.9110733270645142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198348125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q781214","display_name":"Mating type","level":3,"score":0.7137265205383301},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776179587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q54461864","display_name":"Rap1","level":3,"score":0.6590045094490051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.6374833583831787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192245184","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3552104","display_name":"Upstream activating sequence","level":5,"score":0.6018129587173462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88045685","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174576","display_name":"Activator (genetics)","level":3,"score":0.5946473479270935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.5509896278381348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179926584","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207714","display_name":"Transcription (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5471592545509338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101762097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q224093","display_name":"Promoter","level":4,"score":0.46672192215919495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202265312","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7697810","display_name":"Telomere-binding protein","level":5,"score":0.4378810226917267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107824862","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q616005","display_name":"Binding site","level":2,"score":0.42863741517066956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119056186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1431332","display_name":"Gene silencing","level":3,"score":0.4278164207935333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153911025","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7202","display_name":"Molecular biology","level":1,"score":0.38589003682136536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150194340","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26972","display_name":"Gene expression","level":3,"score":0.3737374544143677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86339819","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q407384","display_name":"Transcription factor","level":3,"score":0.3654128909111023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94966510","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2252764","display_name":"DNA-binding protein","level":4,"score":0.324840247631073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000072235","descriptor_name":"Mating Factor","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000483","descriptor_name":"Alleles","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003433","descriptor_name":"Crosses, Genetic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004268","descriptor_name":"DNA-Binding Proteins","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005656","descriptor_name":"Fungal Proteins","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005800","descriptor_name":"Genes, Fungal","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005838","descriptor_name":"Genotype","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007700","descriptor_name":"Kinetics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010455","descriptor_name":"Peptides","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010675","descriptor_name":"Pheromones","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011401","descriptor_name":"Promoter Regions, Genetic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012441","descriptor_name":"Saccharomyces cerevisiae","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012441","descriptor_name":"Saccharomyces cerevisiae","qualifier_ui":"Q000254","qualifier_name":"growth & development","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014157","descriptor_name":"Transcription Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014158","descriptor_name":"Transcription, Genetic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015183","descriptor_name":"Restriction Mapping","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015966","descriptor_name":"Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D049770","descriptor_name":"Genes, Mating Type, Fungal","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1101/gad.5.4.616","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1101/gad.5.4.616","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1101/gad.5.4.616","pdf_url":"http://genesdev.cshlp.org/content/5/4/616.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S168778273","display_name":"Genes & Development","issn_l":"0890-9369","issn":["0890-9369","1549-5477"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315909","host_organization_name":"Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315909"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Genes & Development","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:2010087","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2010087","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Genes & development","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1101/gad.5.4.616","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1101/gad.5.4.616","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1101/gad.5.4.616","pdf_url":"http://genesdev.cshlp.org/content/5/4/616.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S168778273","display_name":"Genes & Development","issn_l":"0890-9369","issn":["0890-9369","1549-5477"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315909","host_organization_name":"Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315909"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Genes & Development","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1417604852","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"GM 40094","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337354","funder_display_name":"National Institute of General Medical Sciences"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G978061014","display_name":"TRANSCRIPTIONAL SILENCERS IN YEAST","funder_award_id":"5r01gm040094-09","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306095","display_name":"American Cancer Society","ror":"https://ror.org/02e463172"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306279","display_name":"Jane Coffin Childs Memorial Fund for Medical Research","ror":"https://ror.org/04yhme281"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337354","display_name":"National Institute of General Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04q48ey07"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2017670310.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2017670310.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":62,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W102941930","https://openalex.org/W158285355","https://openalex.org/W293459420","https://openalex.org/W808521729","https://openalex.org/W1120613989","https://openalex.org/W1417166419","https://openalex.org/W1526043578","https://openalex.org/W1538101859","https://openalex.org/W1547429114","https://openalex.org/W1559808711","https://openalex.org/W1575868449","https://openalex.org/W1597284113","https://openalex.org/W1656892743","https://openalex.org/W1657981413","https://openalex.org/W1687563194","https://openalex.org/W1731126574","https://openalex.org/W1764442744","https://openalex.org/W1779313724","https://openalex.org/W1791930452","https://openalex.org/W1853791195","https://openalex.org/W1868317117","https://openalex.org/W1877035800","https://openalex.org/W1907585328","https://openalex.org/W1926757795","https://openalex.org/W1969737313","https://openalex.org/W1973782344","https://openalex.org/W1979551779","https://openalex.org/W1982910659","https://openalex.org/W1997174711","https://openalex.org/W1998107630","https://openalex.org/W2001597380","https://openalex.org/W2003798106","https://openalex.org/W2006164030","https://openalex.org/W2009035150","https://openalex.org/W2010256888","https://openalex.org/W2011498074","https://openalex.org/W2013554145","https://openalex.org/W2015669100","https://openalex.org/W2016161871","https://openalex.org/W2037164528","https://openalex.org/W2040734916","https://openalex.org/W2047684202","https://openalex.org/W2047810769","https://openalex.org/W2048500913","https://openalex.org/W2049406279","https://openalex.org/W2049488119","https://openalex.org/W2053471076","https://openalex.org/W2056550647","https://openalex.org/W2071769765","https://openalex.org/W2079771997","https://openalex.org/W2083170742","https://openalex.org/W2087777628","https://openalex.org/W2094922096","https://openalex.org/W2110033538","https://openalex.org/W2119725374","https://openalex.org/W2123187045","https://openalex.org/W2135978154","https://openalex.org/W2162598032","https://openalex.org/W2169333620","https://openalex.org/W2173106494","https://openalex.org/W2283018830","https://openalex.org/W2331188160"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4241457226","https://openalex.org/W1791930452","https://openalex.org/W2028110618","https://openalex.org/W4240469664","https://openalex.org/W2003798106","https://openalex.org/W2146484977","https://openalex.org/W7036605172","https://openalex.org/W1764889223","https://openalex.org/W6980787576","https://openalex.org/W2159094470"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"RAP1":[0,28,44,54],"is":[1],"a":[2,85,136],"sequence-specific":[3],"DNA-binding":[4],"protein":[5],"essential":[6],"for":[7,139],"cell":[8],"growth.":[9],"The":[10],"occurrence":[11],"of":[12,48,62,76],"RAP1-binding":[13,86,130],"sites":[14],"in":[15,32,39,43,56,73,92,101,111],"many":[16],"promoter":[17],"regions,":[18],"the":[19,33,74,129,140,152],"mating-type":[20,63,154],"gene":[21],"silencer":[22],"elements,":[23],"and":[24,60,114],"telomeres":[25],"suggests":[26],"that":[27,53,68],"has":[29],"multiple":[30],"functions":[31,55],"cell.":[34],"To":[35],"assess":[36],"its":[37],"role":[38],"transcription,":[40],"temperature-sensitive":[41],"mutations":[42],"were":[45],"generated.":[46],"Analysis":[47],"rap1ts":[49,69,104,145],"strains":[50,70,108],"provides":[51],"evidence":[52],"both":[57],"transcriptional":[58,142],"activation":[59,81],"silencing":[61],"genes.":[64,121],"Several":[65],"observations":[66],"indicate":[67],"are":[71,109],"defective":[72],"expression":[75],"MAT":[77,93,102,133],"alpha,":[78],"whose":[79],"upstream":[80],"sequence":[82],"(UAS)":[83],"contains":[84],"site.":[87],"At":[88],"nonpermissive":[89,162],"temperatures,":[90],"decreases":[91],"alpha":[94,103,134],"steady-state":[95],"transcript":[96],"levels":[97],"can":[98,124],"be":[99,125],"detected":[100],"strains.":[105],"Furthermore,":[106],"these":[107],"deficient":[110],"alpha-pheromone":[112],"production":[113],"simultaneously":[115],"express":[116],"at":[117,132,161],"least":[118],"two":[119],"alpha-specific":[120],"These":[122],"phenotypes":[123],"reversed":[126],"by":[127],"replacing":[128],"site":[131,138],"with":[135],"binding":[137],"GAL4":[141],"activator.":[143],"Certain":[144],"alleles":[146],"have":[147],"an":[148],"opposite":[149],"effect":[150],"on":[151],"silent":[153],"locus":[155],"HMR,":[156],"which":[157],"becomes":[158],"partially":[159],"derepressed":[160],"temperatures.":[163]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}