{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2017608432","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(11)61475-x","title":"Are Japan's hikikomori and depression in young people spreading abroad?","display_name":"Are Japan's hikikomori and depression in young people spreading abroad?","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2017608432","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(11)61475-x","mag":"2017608432","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21924990"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(11)61475-x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(11)61475-x","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(11)61475-x","pdf_url":"http://www.thelancet.com/article/S014067361161475X/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S49861241","display_name":"The Lancet","issn_l":"0099-5355","issn":["0099-5355","0140-6736","1474-547X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Lancet","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"http://www.thelancet.com/article/S014067361161475X/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035087249","display_name":"Takahiro A. Kato","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5169-2930","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5169-2930","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8343-8037"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135598925","display_name":"Kyushu University","ror":"https://ror.org/00p4k0j84","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135598925"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Takahiro A Kato","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135598925"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042816497","display_name":"Naotaka Shinfuku","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7390-9077","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7390-9077"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146646555","display_name":"Seinan Gakuin University","ror":"https://ror.org/03jqhsn85","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146646555"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Naotaka Shinfuku","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Human Sciences, Seinan Gakuin University, Fukuoka, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Human Sciences, Seinan Gakuin University, Fukuoka, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146646555"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006357642","display_name":"Norman Sartorius","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8708-6289","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8708-6289"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Norman Sartorius","raw_affiliation_strings":["Association for the Improvement of Mental Health Programmes, Geneva, Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Association for the Improvement of Mental Health Programmes, Geneva, Switzerland","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091472205","display_name":"Shigenobu Kanba","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135598925","display_name":"Kyushu University","ror":"https://ror.org/00p4k0j84","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135598925"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shigenobu Kanba","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135598925"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5035087249"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135598925"],"apc_list":{"value":7890,"currency":"USD","value_usd":7890},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":18.384,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":142,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9881879,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"378","issue":"9796","first_page":"1070","last_page":"1070"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13207","display_name":"Youth Substance Use and School Attendance","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13207","display_name":"Youth Substance Use and School Attendance","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10355","display_name":"Impact of Technology on Adolescents","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10272","display_name":"Mental Health Treatment and Access","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hikikomori","display_name":"hikikomori","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-withdrawal","display_name":"social withdrawal","score":0.8690000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/youth","display_name":"youth","score":0.734000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/depression","display_name":"depression","score":0.5630000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mental-health","display_name":"mental health","score":0.5680000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/media-coverage","display_name":"media coverage","score":0.49000000953674316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diagnosis-and-treatment","display_name":"diagnosis and treatment","score":0.6269999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/japan","display_name":"Japan","score":0.3330000042915344}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776867660","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1814941","display_name":"Depression (economics)","level":2,"score":0.4959608018398285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.4739399254322052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134362201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q317309","display_name":"Mental health","level":2,"score":0.4677690863609314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C518677369","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202833","display_name":"Social media","level":2,"score":0.42736196517944336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.3836933970451355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.37518519163131714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.2589321732521057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139719470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39680","display_name":"Macroeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000850","descriptor_name":"Anomie","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003863","descriptor_name":"Depression","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003863","descriptor_name":"Depression","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007564","descriptor_name":"Japan","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012920","descriptor_name":"Social Behavior Disorders","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D020407","descriptor_name":"Internet","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(11)61475-x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(11)61475-x","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(11)61475-x","pdf_url":"http://www.thelancet.com/article/S014067361161475X/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S49861241","display_name":"The Lancet","issn_l":"0099-5355","issn":["0099-5355","0140-6736","1474-547X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Lancet","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:21924990","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21924990","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lancet (London, England)","raw_type":"Letter"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(11)61475-x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(11)61475-x","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(11)61475-x","pdf_url":"http://www.thelancet.com/article/S014067361161475X/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S49861241","display_name":"The Lancet","issn_l":"0099-5355","issn":["0099-5355","0140-6736","1474-547X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Lancet","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9537000060081482,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2017608432.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2017608432.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":5,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1966694917","https://openalex.org/W2014477606","https://openalex.org/W2038618640","https://openalex.org/W2049207785","https://openalex.org/W2088865117"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2373808562","https://openalex.org/W3174408563","https://openalex.org/W2148178140","https://openalex.org/W3088583343","https://openalex.org/W4283158540","https://openalex.org/W2947832386","https://openalex.org/W2038618640","https://openalex.org/W2798131973","https://openalex.org/W2230451484","https://openalex.org/W2335309969"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}