{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2017483636","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0706.2001.920218.x","title":"The changing place of theory in 20th century ecology: from universal laws to array of methodologies","display_name":"The changing place of theory in 20th century ecology: from universal laws to array of methodologies","publication_year":2001,"publication_date":"2001-02-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2017483636","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0706.2001.920218.x","mag":"2017483636"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1034/j.1600-0706.2001.920218.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0706.2001.920218.x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0706.2001.920218.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S200794352","display_name":"Oikos","issn_l":"0030-1299","issn":["0030-1299","1600-0706"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Oikos","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037215807","display_name":"Alexei M. Ghilarov","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19880235","display_name":"Lomonosov Moscow State University","ror":"https://ror.org/010pmpe69","country_code":"RU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19880235"]}],"countries":["RU"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Alexei M. Ghilarov","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept of General Ecology, Biological Faculty of M. V. Lomonosov Univ., Moscow 119899, Russia (ghilarov@limnol.bio.msu.su)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept of General Ecology, Biological Faculty of M. V. Lomonosov Univ., Moscow 119899, Russia (ghilarov@limnol.bio.msu.su)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19880235"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5037215807"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19880235"],"apc_list":{"value":3640,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3640},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.8966,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":21,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95231608,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"92","issue":"2","first_page":"357","last_page":"362"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10778","display_name":"Philosophy and History of Science","score":0.6509000062942505,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1207","display_name":"History and Philosophy of Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10778","display_name":"Philosophy and History of Science","score":0.6509000062942505,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1207","display_name":"History and Philosophy of Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10005","display_name":"Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies","score":0.30809998512268066,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2309","display_name":"Nature and Landscape Conservation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13377","display_name":"Ecosystem dynamics and resilience","score":0.011099999770522118,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-ecology","display_name":"theoretical ecology","score":0.9509999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/history-of-ecology","display_name":"history of ecology","score":0.8019999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-model","display_name":"mathematical model","score":0.7210000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanistic-model","display_name":"mechanistic model","score":0.7900000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/universal-law","display_name":"universal law","score":0.671999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/predictive-power","display_name":"predictive power","score":0.42399999499320984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/post-hoc-analysis","display_name":"post hoc analysis","score":0.4180000126361847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/population-dynamics","display_name":"population dynamics","score":0.4659999907016754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/community-ecology","display_name":"community ecology","score":0.7940000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ecosystem-dynamics","display_name":"ecosystem dynamics","score":0.6190000176429749}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71008984","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2890076","display_name":"Rigour","level":2,"score":0.7123725414276123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.6547636389732361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779628136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q621206","display_name":"Disappointment","level":2,"score":0.6263502836227417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194583477","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408891","display_name":"Physical law","level":2,"score":0.5110493898391724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49539007","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7782365","display_name":"Theoretical ecology","level":3,"score":0.5003395080566406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.3747469186782837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.3303692936897278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.18059119582176208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.1159665584564209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.09041067957878113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1034/j.1600-0706.2001.920218.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0706.2001.920218.x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0706.2001.920218.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S200794352","display_name":"Oikos","issn_l":"0030-1299","issn":["0030-1299","1600-0706"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Oikos","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","score":0.6000000238418579,"display_name":"Life on land"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321079","display_name":"Russian Foundation for Basic Research","ror":"https://ror.org/02mh1ke95"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W573882188","https://openalex.org/W1273791837","https://openalex.org/W1488595547","https://openalex.org/W1572341160","https://openalex.org/W1596529738","https://openalex.org/W1600005363","https://openalex.org/W1734689372","https://openalex.org/W1966499072","https://openalex.org/W1967925990","https://openalex.org/W1983254603","https://openalex.org/W1986181890","https://openalex.org/W1986916768","https://openalex.org/W1990072383","https://openalex.org/W2015823673","https://openalex.org/W2027680977","https://openalex.org/W2035346239","https://openalex.org/W2049685019","https://openalex.org/W2052755774","https://openalex.org/W2069555397","https://openalex.org/W2080943457","https://openalex.org/W2088740306","https://openalex.org/W2091966770","https://openalex.org/W2093575983","https://openalex.org/W2101224191","https://openalex.org/W2109663596","https://openalex.org/W2110639067","https://openalex.org/W2145731645","https://openalex.org/W2157258388","https://openalex.org/W2169917233","https://openalex.org/W2171210625","https://openalex.org/W2317431422","https://openalex.org/W2332551966","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1865197337","https://openalex.org/W2069276271","https://openalex.org/W4382657263","https://openalex.org/W572466652","https://openalex.org/W4245303097","https://openalex.org/W2087152348","https://openalex.org/W2596689228","https://openalex.org/W2174118094","https://openalex.org/W2312765105","https://openalex.org/W2064146869"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"From":[0],"the":[1,4,37,44,52,100,145],"beginning":[2],"of":[3,40,47,62,76,118,134,147,165],"20th":[5],"century":[6],"ecologists":[7,152],"have":[8],"tried":[9],"to":[10,67,123,127,130,154],"do":[11],"self\u2010sufficient":[12],"hard":[13],"science":[14],"that":[15,71,167],"possesses":[16],"real":[17,77],"theory":[18],"and":[19,29,80,98,114,125,175],"laws.":[20],"Early":[21],"mathematical":[22,89],"models":[23,70],"were":[24,36,72],"partly":[25],"borrowed":[26],"from":[27,74,84,120],"physics":[28],"chemistry.":[30],"For":[31],"a":[32,55,106],"long":[33],"time":[34],"they":[35],"characteristic":[38],"feature":[39],"theoretical":[41,60,137],"ecology":[42,63],"despite":[43],"striking":[45],"absence":[46],"supporting":[48],"empirical":[49],"data.":[50],"In":[51],"late":[53],"1960s":[54],"growing":[56],"disappointment":[57],"in":[58,88,99,150,162,172],"\u201cclassical\u201d":[59],"foundations":[61],"forced":[64],"some":[65],"researchers":[66],"propose":[68],"\u201cpattern\u2010oriented\u201d":[69],"derived":[73],"observation":[75],"populations,":[78,173],"communities":[79,174],"ecosystems,":[81,176],"rather":[82],"than":[83],"common":[85],"sense":[86],"written":[87],"language.":[90],"However,":[91],"this":[92],"view":[93],"had":[94],"its":[95],"own":[96],"shortcomings,":[97],"1980s":[101],"it":[102],"was":[103],"supplemented":[104],"by":[105],"\u201cmechanistic\u201d":[107],"approach":[108],"aimed":[109],"at":[110],"understanding":[111],"basic":[112],"processes":[113],"constraints.":[115],"This":[116,158],"shift":[117],"attention":[119],"general":[121],"\u201claws\u201d":[122],"\u201cpatterns\u201d":[124],"later":[126],"\u201cmechanisms\u201d":[128],"corresponds":[129],"an":[131,163],"evident":[132],"weakening":[133],"demands":[135],"for":[136,156],"rigour.":[138],"Although":[139],"there":[140],"are":[141],"great":[142],"doubts":[143],"about":[144],"existence":[146],"universal":[148],"laws":[149],"ecology,":[151],"continue":[153],"search":[155,159],"generalities.":[157],"has":[160],"resulted":[161],"elaboration":[164],"methodologies":[166],"describe":[168],"post":[169],"hoc":[170],"changes":[171],"with":[177],"limited":[178],"predictive":[179],"ability.":[180]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-08-21T09:56:20.448147","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
