{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2017387114","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1088/0031-9155/43/10/014","title":"Design of a high-sensitivity classifier based on a genetic algorithm: application to computer-aided diagnosis","display_name":"Design of a high-sensitivity classifier based on a genetic algorithm: application to computer-aided diagnosis","publication_year":1998,"publication_date":"1998-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2017387114","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1088/0031-9155/43/10/014","mag":"2017387114","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9814523"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1088/0031-9155/43/10/014","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1088/0031-9155/43/10/014","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/0031-9155/43/10/014","pdf_url":"https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0031-9155/43/10/014/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S20241394","display_name":"Physics in Medicine and Biology","issn_l":"0031-9155","issn":["0031-9155","1361-6560"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320083","host_organization_name":"IOP Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320083","https://openalex.org/P4310311669"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOP Publishing","Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Physics in Medicine and Biology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0031-9155/43/10/014/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073468417","display_name":"Berkman Sahiner","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2804-2264","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2804-2264"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Berkman Sahiner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 48109-0904, USA. berki@umich.edu","Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 48109-0904, USA. berki@umich.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027247097","display_name":"Heang\u2010Ping Chan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7777-9006","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7777-9006"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Heang-Ping Chan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006593300","display_name":"Nicholas Petrick","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5167-8899","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5167-8899","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4842-4078"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nicholas Petrick","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073769753","display_name":"Mark A. Helvie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4415-4525","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4415-4525"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mark A Helvie","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086416122","display_name":"Mitchell M. Goodsitt","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mitchell M Goodsitt","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"],"apc_list":{"value":3325,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3325},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.5261,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":58,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93197915,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"43","issue":"10","first_page":"2853","last_page":"2871"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10862","display_name":"AI in cancer detection","score":0.6083999872207642,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10862","display_name":"AI in cancer detection","score":0.6083999872207642,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12422","display_name":"Radiomics and Machine Learning in Medical Imaging","score":0.16220000386238098,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10824","display_name":"Image Retrieval and Classification Techniques","score":0.12150000035762787,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-algorithm-feature-selection","display_name":"genetic algorithm feature selection","score":0.8460000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-aided-diagnosis","display_name":"computer-aided diagnosis","score":0.8149999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/breast-lesion-characterization","display_name":"breast lesion characterization","score":0.9620000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mammographic-masses","display_name":"mammographic masses","score":0.843999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fisher-s-linear-discriminant","display_name":"Fisher's linear discriminant","score":0.847000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/texture-features","display_name":"texture features","score":0.7749999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benign-versus-malignant-differentiation","display_name":"benign versus malignant differentiation","score":0.6759999990463257}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.6888961791992188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69738355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1228929","display_name":"Linear discriminant analysis","level":2,"score":0.6862683892250061},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6855723261833191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.6498210430145264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148483581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q446488","display_name":"Feature selection","level":2,"score":0.6422700881958008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58471807","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327120","display_name":"Receiver operating characteristic","level":2,"score":0.623968243598938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.47209542989730835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.44561389088630676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779549770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1122413","display_name":"Computer-aided diagnosis","level":2,"score":0.43225622177124023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.17706313729286194}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001706","descriptor_name":"Biopsy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001706","descriptor_name":"Biopsy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001706","descriptor_name":"Biopsy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001943","descriptor_name":"Breast Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001943","descriptor_name":"Breast Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001943","descriptor_name":"Breast Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001943","descriptor_name":"Breast Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001943","descriptor_name":"Breast Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001943","descriptor_name":"Breast Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003201","descriptor_name":"Computers","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003201","descriptor_name":"Computers","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003201","descriptor_name":"Computers","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007091","descriptor_name":"Image Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007091","descriptor_name":"Image Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007091","descriptor_name":"Image Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008327","descriptor_name":"Mammography","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008327","descriptor_name":"Mammography","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008327","descriptor_name":"Mammography","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1088/0031-9155/43/10/014","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1088/0031-9155/43/10/014","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/0031-9155/43/10/014","pdf_url":"https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0031-9155/43/10/014/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S20241394","display_name":"Physics in Medicine and Biology","issn_l":"0031-9155","issn":["0031-9155","1361-6560"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320083","host_organization_name":"IOP Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320083","https://openalex.org/P4310311669"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOP Publishing","Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Physics in Medicine and Biology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:9814523","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9814523","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Physics in medicine and biology","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:deepblue.lib.umich.edu:2027.42/48962","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/48962","pdf_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/48962","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400393","display_name":"Deep Blue (University of Michigan)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","host_organization_name":"University of Michigan","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1088/0031-9155/43/10/014","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1088/0031-9155/43/10/014","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/0031-9155/43/10/014","pdf_url":"https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0031-9155/43/10/014/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S20241394","display_name":"Physics in Medicine and Biology","issn_l":"0031-9155","issn":["0031-9155","1361-6560"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320083","host_organization_name":"IOP Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320083","https://openalex.org/P4310311669"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOP Publishing","Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Physics in Medicine and Biology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.6240000128746033,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.6899999976158142,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2132815574","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CA48129","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337351","funder_display_name":"National Cancer Institute"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3708579536","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"48129","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332505","funder_display_name":"U.S. Public Health Service"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4928871705","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CA 48129","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332505","funder_display_name":"U.S. Public Health Service"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5995092221","display_name":"DEVELOPMENT OF COMPUTER BASED TECHNIQUES IN MAMMOGRAPHY","funder_award_id":"R01CA048129","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337351","funder_display_name":"National Cancer Institute"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332505","display_name":"U.S. Public Health Service","ror":"https://ror.org/05xf94514"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337351","display_name":"National Cancer Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/040gcmg81"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338280","display_name":"Medical Research and Materiel Command","ror":"https://ror.org/03cd02q50"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2017387114.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2017387114.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1965671931","https://openalex.org/W1966084139","https://openalex.org/W1988452762","https://openalex.org/W2002645541","https://openalex.org/W2003304826","https://openalex.org/W2017352979","https://openalex.org/W2019784121","https://openalex.org/W2023952640","https://openalex.org/W2031535593","https://openalex.org/W2038037430","https://openalex.org/W2039408393","https://openalex.org/W2044465660","https://openalex.org/W2051798922","https://openalex.org/W2054105681","https://openalex.org/W2054470248","https://openalex.org/W2061389842","https://openalex.org/W2069401973","https://openalex.org/W2070173579","https://openalex.org/W2078622638","https://openalex.org/W2100115174","https://openalex.org/W2103385178","https://openalex.org/W2117395697","https://openalex.org/W2118561126","https://openalex.org/W2119998755","https://openalex.org/W2142021573","https://openalex.org/W3017143921","https://openalex.org/W3135358928","https://openalex.org/W4232497563"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2019784121","https://openalex.org/W1990872687","https://openalex.org/W127278294","https://openalex.org/W2395652896","https://openalex.org/W3115918149","https://openalex.org/W7006476005","https://openalex.org/W2171389954","https://openalex.org/W2038245294","https://openalex.org/W2070226781","https://openalex.org/W4396897961"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0,171],"genetic":[1],"algorithm":[2],"(GA)":[3],"based":[4,33],"feature":[5,63,128,230,305],"selection":[6,61,231,306],"method":[7],"was":[8,32,130,184,220,251],"developed":[9,173],"for":[10,93,322,325],"the":[11,30,35,47,60,70,74,79,98,122,162,180,187,193,202,217,237,242,259,268,277,288,301,304,315],"design":[12],"of":[13,29,62,73,78,89,150,158,201,216,224,241,249,256,287,303],"high-sensitivity":[14,71,118,218,243,278],"classifiers,":[15],"which":[16,43,65],"were":[17,144,165,205],"tailored":[18],"to":[19,105,132,178,186,207],"yield":[20],"high":[21,24,67],"sensitivity":[22,53],"with":[23,222,228],"specificity.":[25],"The":[26,55,117,142,213],"fitness":[27],"function":[28],"GA":[31,57,235,316],"on":[34],"receiver":[36],"operating":[37],"characteristic":[38],"(ROC)":[39],"partial":[40,239],"area":[41,240,265],"index,":[42],"is":[44,85,104,308],"defined":[45],"as":[46,108,112,121,138,179],"average":[48],"specificity":[49,68],"above":[50,245],"a":[51,86,90,147,246,262,319],"given":[52],"threshold.":[54],"designed":[56],"evolved":[58],"towards":[59],"combinations":[64],"yielded":[66],"in":[69,100,310],"region":[72],"ROC":[75,238,269],"curve,":[76],"regardless":[77],"performance":[80],"at":[81,146],"low":[82],"sensitivity.":[83],"This":[84],"desirable":[87],"quality":[88],"classifier":[91,219,244,279],"used":[92,206],"breast":[94,101],"lesion":[95,102,326],"characterization,":[96],"since":[97],"focus":[99],"characterization":[103],"diagnose":[106],"correctly":[107,282],"many":[109],"benign":[110,211,289],"lesions":[111],"possible":[113],"without":[114,292],"missing":[115,293],"malignancies.":[116],"classifier,":[119],"formulated":[120],"Fisher's":[123],"linear":[124,225],"discriminant":[125,226],"using":[126],"GA-selected":[127],"variables,":[129],"employed":[131],"classify":[133],"255":[134],"biopsy-proven":[135],"mammographic":[136],"masses":[137,164,290],"malignant":[139,209,295],"or":[140],"benign.":[141],"mammograms":[143],"digitized":[145],"pixel":[148],"size":[149],"0.1":[151,154],"mm":[152],"x":[153],"mm,":[155],"and":[156,197,210,280,285,313],"regions":[157],"interest":[159],"(ROIs)":[160],"containing":[161],"biopsied":[163],"extracted":[166,191],"by":[167],"an":[168,273],"experienced":[169],"radiologist.":[170],"recently":[172],"image":[174],"transformation":[175],"technique,":[176],"referred":[177],"rubber-band":[181],"straightening":[182],"transform,":[183],"applied":[185],"ROIs.":[188],"Texture":[189],"features":[190],"from":[192],"spatial":[194],"grey-level":[195],"dependence":[196],"run-length":[198],"statistics":[199],"matrices":[200],"transformed":[203],"ROIs":[204],"distinguish":[208],"masses.":[212,296],"classification":[214],"accuracy":[215],"compared":[221],"that":[223,255,300,314],"analysis":[227],"stepwise":[229],"(LDAsfs).":[232],"With":[233],"proper":[234],"training,":[236],"true-positive":[247],"fraction":[248],"0.95":[250],"significantly":[252],"larger":[253],"than":[254],"LDAsfs,":[257],"although":[258],"latter":[260],"provided":[261],"higher":[263],"total":[264],"(Az)":[266],"under":[267],"curve.":[270],"By":[271],"setting":[272],"appropriate":[274],"decision":[275],"threshold,":[276],"LDAsfs":[281],"identified":[283],"61%":[284],"34%":[286],"respectively":[291],"any":[294],"Our":[297],"results":[298],"show":[299],"choice":[302],"technique":[307],"important":[309],"computer-aided":[311],"diagnosis,":[312],"may":[317],"be":[318],"useful":[320],"tool":[321],"designing":[323],"classifiers":[324],"characterization.":[327]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}