{"id":"https://openalex.org/W201732871","doi":null,"title":"Immunomodulation by thalidomide: systematic review of the literature and of unpublished observations.","display_name":"Immunomodulation by thalidomide: systematic review of the literature and of unpublished observations.","publication_year":1995,"publication_date":"1995-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W201732871","mag":"201732871","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8878794"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmid:8878794","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8878794","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of inflammation","raw_type":"Journal Article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044407869","display_name":"K. Zwingenberger","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9732596","display_name":"Gr\u00fcnenthal Group (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/03r3ww479","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9732596"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K Zwingenberger","raw_affiliation_strings":["Medical Scientific Division, Gr\u00fcnenthal GmbH Center of Research, Aachen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Medical Scientific Division, Gr\u00fcnenthal GmbH Center of Research, Aachen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9732596"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071397972","display_name":"Stephan Wnendt","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3351-2307","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3351-2307"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S Wnendt","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.7217,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":112,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84443849,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"46","issue":"4","first_page":"177","last_page":"211"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14072","display_name":"Immunotoxicology and immune responses","score":0.6547999978065491,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14072","display_name":"Immunotoxicology and immune responses","score":0.6547999978065491,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10371","display_name":"Immune Response and Inflammation","score":0.10170000046491623,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10580","display_name":"Immunotherapy and Immune Responses","score":0.034299999475479126,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thalidomide","display_name":"thalidomide","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/immunomodulation","display_name":"immunomodulation","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/t-cell-function","display_name":"T cell function","score":0.7009999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mycobacterial-infection","display_name":"mycobacterial infection","score":0.9120000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phagocytic-leukocytes","display_name":"phagocytic leukocytes","score":0.8460000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/endothelial-cells","display_name":"endothelial cells","score":0.7590000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cytokine-production","display_name":"cytokine production","score":0.8970000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/monocytes","display_name":"monocytes","score":0.5820000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microglia","display_name":"microglia","score":0.972000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leukocyte-adhesion","display_name":"leukocyte adhesion","score":0.7979999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/postcapillary-venules","display_name":"postcapillary venules","score":0.9079999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lps","display_name":"LPS","score":0.46299999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tnf-alpha","display_name":"TNF-\u03b1","score":0.7929999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/surface-antigen-expression","display_name":"surface antigen expression","score":0.7900000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vasculitis","display_name":"vasculitis","score":0.8579999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/erythema-nodosum-leprosum","display_name":"erythema nodosum leprosum","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leukocyte-migration","display_name":"leukocyte migration","score":0.7900000214576721}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779609412","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q203174","display_name":"Thalidomide","level":3,"score":0.927751362323761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.6004645228385925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207001950","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141124","display_name":"In vivo","level":2,"score":0.5819211006164551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.5817563533782959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8891405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1059","display_name":"Immune system","level":2,"score":0.47541648149490356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202751555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221681","display_name":"In vitro","level":2,"score":0.45543938875198364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137061746","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q736033","display_name":"Peripheral blood mononuclear cell","level":3,"score":0.44302523136138916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778690821","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212354","display_name":"Cytokine","level":2,"score":0.4393916726112366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.257614403963089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776364478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q467635","display_name":"Multiple myeloma","level":2,"score":0.13469398021697998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.06064474582672119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150903083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7108","display_name":"Biotechnology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000276","descriptor_name":"Adjuvants, Immunologic","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000893","descriptor_name":"Anti-Inflammatory Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002627","descriptor_name":"Chemistry, Physical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006993","descriptor_name":"Hypnotics and Sedatives","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007962","descriptor_name":"Leukocytes","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009164","descriptor_name":"Mycobacterium Infections","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013792","descriptor_name":"Thalidomide","qualifier_ui":"Q000493","qualifier_name":"pharmacokinetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013792","descriptor_name":"Thalidomide","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013792","descriptor_name":"Thalidomide","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014657","descriptor_name":"Vasculitis","qualifier_ui":"Q000382","qualifier_name":"microbiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014657","descriptor_name":"Vasculitis","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016207","descriptor_name":"Cytokines","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055598","descriptor_name":"Chemical Phenomena","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"pmid:8878794","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8878794","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of inflammation","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:publications.rwth-aachen.de:135596","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://publications.rwth-aachen.de/search?p=id:%22RWTH-CONV-016490%22","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401362","display_name":"RWTH Publications (RWTH Aachen)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I887968799","host_organization_name":"RWTH Aachen University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of inflammation 46, 177-211 (1996).","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"mag:201732871","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8878794","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.98580002784729}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1987169866","https://openalex.org/W2054742645","https://openalex.org/W2474939153","https://openalex.org/W1973236158","https://openalex.org/W2002499997","https://openalex.org/W2900378361","https://openalex.org/W2128443933","https://openalex.org/W2408928482","https://openalex.org/W1984996099","https://openalex.org/W7097820303"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Three":[0],"decades":[1],"of":[2,33,46,53,62,81,93,108,162,200,211,227,258,265,271,285,307,314,324,335,343],"immunological":[3],"investigations":[4,15],"using":[5,121],"thalidomide":[6,24,47,82,94,105,254],"are":[7,16,48,102,255,298],"reviewed.":[8],"Both":[9],"in":[10,13,17,30,50,83,111,114,124,131,148,164,197,224,230,243,262,282,294,319],"vitro":[11,112,198],"and":[12,56,98,113,185,291,322,328,339],"vivo":[14,231],"accordance":[18],"with":[19,72,189],"the":[20,31,73,78,160,209,225,263,269,283,325],"clinical":[21,79],"finding":[22],"that":[23,159],"does":[25,40],"not":[26,41,66,240,303],"impede":[27],"T-cell":[28],"competence":[29],"control":[32],"infection":[34,267],"by":[35,106,167,171,218,305,312,333],"mycobacteriae.":[36],"The":[37,43,100,247,316],"term":[38],"immunosuppressant":[39],"apply.":[42],"immunomodulatory":[44],"effects":[45,92],"evident":[49],"a":[51,57,89,340],"myriad":[52],"phenomenological":[54],"changes,":[55],"molecularly":[58],"defined":[59],"common":[60],"denominator":[61],"these":[63],"activities":[64],"is":[65,152,169,194,233,329],"known":[67],"at":[68],"present.":[69,299],"Critical":[70],"assessment":[71],"objective":[74],"to":[75,88,104,208,235,253],"account":[76,236],"for":[77,196,237],"activity":[80,117],"specific":[84],"human":[85],"diseases":[86],"leads":[87],"focus":[90],"on":[91,95,180,204,214,345],"phagocytic":[96,133],"leukocytes":[97,181,205],"endothelia.":[99],"former":[101],"responsive":[103,252],"modulation":[107,199,210,338],"cytokine":[109,292],"synthesis":[110],"vivo;":[115],"this":[116],"can":[118],"be":[119],"shown":[120],"monocyte-specific":[122],"stimuli":[123],"peripheral":[125],"blood":[126],"mononuclear":[127],"cells":[128,134,141,216],"but":[129,191,310],"also":[130,311],"other":[132],"like":[135],"microglia.":[136],"For":[137],"technical":[138],"reasons,":[139],"endothelial":[140,215],"have":[142],"until":[143],"now":[144,155],"been":[145,178],"tested":[146],"primarily":[147],"vitro.":[149],"However,":[150],"there":[151],"solid":[153],"evidence":[154,193],"from":[156,183],"intravital":[157],"microscopy":[158],"induction":[161],"adhesivity":[163],"postcapillary":[165],"venules":[166,260],"LPS":[168,219],"modulated":[170],"thalidomide.":[172],"Altered":[173],"surface":[174,201],"antigen":[175,202],"expression":[176,203],"has":[177],"described":[179],"obtained":[182],"humans":[184],"experimental":[186],"animals":[187],"treated":[188],"thalidomide,":[190],"convincing":[192],"lacking":[195],"(as":[206,281],"opposed":[207],"adhesion":[212],"antigens":[213],"stimulated":[217],"or":[220,275],"exogenous":[221],"TNF":[222,296,336],"alpha":[223,337],"presence":[226],"thalidomide).":[228],"Therefore,":[229],"redistribution":[232],"likely":[234],"some,":[238],"if":[239],"all,":[241],"changes":[242],"circulating":[244],"leukocyte":[245,289,346],"phenotypes.":[246],"immunopathological":[248],"conditions":[249],"most":[250,330],"clearly":[251],"vasculitic":[256],"alterations":[257],"post-capillary":[259],"either":[261],"context":[264],"mycobacterial":[266],"(in":[268],"case":[270],"erythema":[272],"nodosum":[273],"leprosum)":[274],"mucocutaneous":[276],"aphths.":[277],"In":[278],"both":[279],"instances":[280],"majority":[284],"focal":[286],"inflammatory":[287],"lesions),":[288],"infiltration":[290],"responses,":[293],"particular":[295],"alpha,":[297],"Thalidomide":[300],"acts":[301],"clinically":[302],"only":[304],"palliation":[306],"existing":[308],"lesions":[309],"prevention":[313],"recurrence.":[315],"mechanism":[317],"operates":[318],"skin,":[320],"mucosa":[321],"parts":[323],"nervous":[326],"system":[327],"readily":[331],"explained":[332],"synergism":[334],"separate":[341],"point":[342],"action":[344],"migration":[347],"patterns.":[348]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-06T12:05:46.655746","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}