{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2017295685","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2010wr010334","title":"Issues of spatial correlation arising from the use of TRMM rainfall estimates in the Brazilian Amazon","display_name":"Issues of spatial correlation arising from the use of TRMM rainfall estimates in the Brazilian Amazon","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2017295685","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2010wr010334","mag":"2017295685"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1029/2010wr010334","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2010wr010334","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2010wr010334","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S204847658","display_name":"Water Resources Research","issn_l":"0043-1397","issn":["0043-1397","1944-7973"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-a","jufo-3","norway-1","oarl","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Water Resources Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052953304","display_name":"Robin T. Clarke","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130442723","display_name":"Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul","ror":"https://ror.org/041yk2d64","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130442723"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robin T. Clarke","raw_affiliation_strings":["Instituto de Pesquisas Hidraulicas, UFRGS Porto Alegre Brazil"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instituto de Pesquisas Hidraulicas, UFRGS Porto Alegre Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130442723"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089696806","display_name":"Diogo Costa Buarque","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2698-520X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2698-520X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130442723","display_name":"Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul","ror":"https://ror.org/041yk2d64","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130442723"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Diogo Costa Buarque","raw_affiliation_strings":["Instituto de Pesquisas Hidraulicas, UFRGS Porto Alegre Brazil"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instituto de Pesquisas Hidraulicas, UFRGS Porto Alegre Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130442723"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029100871","display_name":"Rodrigo Cauduro Dias de Paiva","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2918-6681","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2918-6681"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130442723","display_name":"Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul","ror":"https://ror.org/041yk2d64","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130442723"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rodrigo Cauduro Dias de Paiva","raw_affiliation_strings":["Instituto de Pesquisas Hidraulicas, UFRGS Porto Alegre Brazil"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instituto de Pesquisas Hidraulicas, UFRGS Porto Alegre Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130442723"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019034289","display_name":"Walter Collischonn","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7630-396X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7630-396X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130442723","display_name":"Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul","ror":"https://ror.org/041yk2d64","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130442723"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Walter Collischonn","raw_affiliation_strings":["Instituto de Pesquisas Hidraulicas, UFRGS Porto Alegre Brazil"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instituto de Pesquisas Hidraulicas, UFRGS Porto Alegre Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130442723"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130442723"],"apc_list":{"value":3000,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3000},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.8568,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":35,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.82592097,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"47","issue":"5","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11234","display_name":"Precipitation Measurement and Analysis","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11234","display_name":"Precipitation Measurement and Analysis","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10330","display_name":"Hydrology and Watershed Management Studies","score":0.000699999975040555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11312","display_name":"Soil Moisture and Remote Sensing","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spatial-correlation","display_name":"spatial correlation","score":0.8730000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brazilian-amazon","display_name":"Brazilian Amazon","score":0.7129999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rain-gauge-validation","display_name":"rain gauge validation","score":0.6949999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite-precipitation","display_name":"satellite precipitation","score":0.33399999141693115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rainfall-quantiles","display_name":"rainfall quantiles","score":0.4749999940395355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exponential-correlation-function","display_name":"exponential correlation","score":0.5550000071525574}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120961793","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190052","display_name":"Rain gauge","level":3,"score":0.666827380657196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138695830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1938983","display_name":"Spatial dependence","level":2,"score":0.6314578056335449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150060386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7574054","display_name":"Spatial correlation","level":2,"score":0.5653641223907471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118671147","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q578714","display_name":"Quantile","level":2,"score":0.5398516058921814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22679943","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159375","display_name":"Standard deviation","level":2,"score":0.5092436075210571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.4965522885322571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.485385537147522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19269812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26540","display_name":"Satellite","level":2,"score":0.46164268255233765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89128539","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1949963","display_name":"Statistic","level":2,"score":0.46127793192863464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.4107350707054138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.40173548460006714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49204034","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52139","display_name":"Climatology","level":1,"score":0.36385613679885864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.21620100736618042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107054158","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25257","display_name":"Precipitation","level":2,"score":0.13714385032653809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.1346026062965393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.09385722875595093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1029/2010wr010334","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2010wr010334","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2010wr010334","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S204847658","display_name":"Water Resources Research","issn_l":"0043-1397","issn":["0043-1397","1944-7973"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-a","jufo-3","norway-1","oarl","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Water Resources Research","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1490070468","https://openalex.org/W1605829223","https://openalex.org/W1967676868","https://openalex.org/W1975541079","https://openalex.org/W1978848376","https://openalex.org/W1986033450","https://openalex.org/W1995622703","https://openalex.org/W2009907489","https://openalex.org/W2017233115","https://openalex.org/W2020792444","https://openalex.org/W2022839383","https://openalex.org/W2032903793","https://openalex.org/W2034562813","https://openalex.org/W2041890475","https://openalex.org/W2064400523","https://openalex.org/W2071727433","https://openalex.org/W2072183993","https://openalex.org/W2073366103","https://openalex.org/W2089054809","https://openalex.org/W2100388561","https://openalex.org/W2101394945","https://openalex.org/W2130761473","https://openalex.org/W2130803606","https://openalex.org/W2139051261","https://openalex.org/W2140994193","https://openalex.org/W2148587223","https://openalex.org/W2161861969","https://openalex.org/W2300783379","https://openalex.org/W2502759836","https://openalex.org/W2558211956","https://openalex.org/W4254115559","https://openalex.org/W4293244076"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2058673275","https://openalex.org/W2974224359","https://openalex.org/W1970428686","https://openalex.org/W2064140730","https://openalex.org/W7096831921","https://openalex.org/W2173216003","https://openalex.org/W7056375179","https://openalex.org/W7076001209","https://openalex.org/W1997830602","https://openalex.org/W2174313931"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1,108],"discusses":[2],"issues":[3,225,242],"arising":[4],"when":[5,135],"Tropical":[6],"Rainfall":[7],"Measuring":[8],"Mission":[9],"(TRMM)":[10],"estimates":[11,38,47,51,61,246],"of":[12,30,39,52,83,87,95,102,117,127,133,192,195,200,214,226,247,250],"rainfall":[13,40,53,101,202],"characteristics":[14,41,66,150],"are":[15,56,71,229],"calculated":[16],"for":[17,68,173],"the":[18,28,84,98,118,121,124,131,148,152,182,190,193,215,218,240,251],"sparsely":[19],"gauged":[20],"Brazilian":[21],"Amazon.":[22],"The":[23,107],"particular":[24,69,232],"issue":[25],"considered":[26],"is":[27,137,145,178,189,211,237],"calculation":[29],"statistical":[31],"uncertainty":[32,119],"in":[33,97,120,217],"(1)":[34,72],"comparisons":[35,122],"between":[36],"TRMM":[37,60],"and":[42,48,91],"their":[43],"corresponding":[44],"rain":[45,197],"gauge":[46,198],"(2)":[49,77],"interpolated":[50],"characteristics,":[54],"which":[55],"conditional":[57],"on":[58,204],"local":[59],"near":[62],"ungauged":[63],"sites.":[64],"Three":[65],"selected":[67],"comparison":[70],"mean":[73,78,93],"annual":[74],"rainfall,":[75,90,235],"1998\u20132005,":[76],"value,":[79],"over":[80],"these":[81],"years,":[82],"95%":[85],"quantile":[86],"within\u2010year":[88],"daily":[89],"(3)":[92],"number":[94],"days":[96],"year":[99],"with":[100,157,231,257],"2":[103],"mm":[104],"or":[105],"more.":[106],"demonstrates":[109],"how":[110],"positive":[111],"spatial":[112,143,154,175,227],"correlation":[113,144,155,166,228],"leads":[114],"to":[115,139,170,234],"underestimation":[116],"(i.e.,":[123],"standard":[125],"errors":[126,216],"differences),":[128],"so":[129],"that":[130,181,239],"significance":[132],"differences,":[134],"observed,":[136],"likely":[138],"be":[140,171,255],"overestimated":[141],"if":[142],"ignored.":[146],"For":[147],"three":[149],"mentioned,":[151],"Mat\u00e9rn":[153],"function":[156],"shape":[158],"parameter":[159],"\u03ba":[160],"=":[161],"1/2,":[162],"giving":[163],"an":[164],"exponential":[165],"function,":[167],"was":[168],"found":[169],"adequate":[172],"modeling":[174],"correlation.":[176],"It":[177],"also":[179],"argued":[180,238],"statistic":[183],"1":[184],"\u2212":[185],"b,":[186],"where":[187],"b":[188],"slope":[191],"regression":[194],"a":[196,201,212,248],"estimate":[199],"characteristic":[203],"its":[205],"counterpart":[206],"derived":[207],"from":[208],"satellite":[209,219],"instrumentation,":[210],"measure":[213],"(spatially":[220],"averaged)":[221],"estimates.":[222],"Finally,":[223],"although":[224],"discussed":[230],"reference":[233],"it":[236],"same":[241],"arise":[243],"whenever":[244],"satellite\u2010derived":[245],"component":[249],"water":[252],"cycle":[253],"must":[254],"combined":[256],"ground\u2010based":[258],"measurements.":[259]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-11-13T13:42:25.865203","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
