{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2017290938","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1179/nam.1978.26.1.3","title":"Internal Grammar in Amharic Place-Names","display_name":"Internal Grammar in Amharic Place-Names","publication_year":1978,"publication_date":"1978-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2017290938","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1179/nam.1978.26.1.3","mag":"2017290938"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1179/nam.1978.26.1.3","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1179/nam.1978.26.1.3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1179/nam.1978.26.1.3","pdf_url":"https://ans-names.pitt.edu/ans/article/download/865/864","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S83838860","display_name":"Names","issn_l":"0027-7738","issn":["0027-7738","1756-2279"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","erih-plus","jufo-2","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320335","host_organization_name":"University Library System, University of Pittsburgh","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320335","https://openalex.org/P4310316479"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University Library System, University of Pittsburgh","University of Pittsburgh"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Names","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://ans-names.pitt.edu/ans/article/download/865/864","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044104899","display_name":"Greta D. Little","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Greta D. Little","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5044104899"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.28178279,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"26","issue":"1","first_page":"3","last_page":"8"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10034","display_name":"Syntax, Semantics, Linguistic Variation","score":0.9189000129699707,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10034","display_name":"Syntax, Semantics, Linguistic Variation","score":0.9189000129699707,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13260","display_name":"Linguistics and Language Studies","score":0.0364999994635582,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13912","display_name":"Language, Linguistics, Cultural Analysis","score":0.025599999353289604,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/proper-names","display_name":"proper names","score":0.7829999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adjective-noun-order","display_name":"adjective-noun order","score":0.7900000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bishoftu","display_name":"Bishoftu","score":0.7960000038146973}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780900699","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28244","display_name":"Amharic","level":2,"score":0.9902585744857788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26022165","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8091","display_name":"Grammar","level":2,"score":0.685823917388916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.6048637628555298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.37801817059516907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.35393768548965454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.11525189876556396}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1179/nam.1978.26.1.3","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1179/nam.1978.26.1.3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1179/nam.1978.26.1.3","pdf_url":"https://ans-names.pitt.edu/ans/article/download/865/864","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S83838860","display_name":"Names","issn_l":"0027-7738","issn":["0027-7738","1756-2279"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","erih-plus","jufo-2","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320335","host_organization_name":"University Library System, University of Pittsburgh","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320335","https://openalex.org/P4310316479"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University Library System, University of Pittsburgh","University of Pittsburgh"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Names","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:45bb69281f874c85b1cccc34713daf67","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/45bb69281f874c85b1cccc34713daf67","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Names, Vol 26, Iss 1 (1978)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1179/nam.1978.26.1.3","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1179/nam.1978.26.1.3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1179/nam.1978.26.1.3","pdf_url":"https://ans-names.pitt.edu/ans/article/download/865/864","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S83838860","display_name":"Names","issn_l":"0027-7738","issn":["0027-7738","1756-2279"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","erih-plus","jufo-2","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320335","host_organization_name":"University Library System, University of Pittsburgh","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320335","https://openalex.org/P4310316479"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University Library System, University of Pittsburgh","University of Pittsburgh"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Names","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2017290938.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2017290938.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1976713404","https://openalex.org/W378005296","https://openalex.org/W4307256102","https://openalex.org/W4307255669","https://openalex.org/W4313157542","https://openalex.org/W4307255901","https://openalex.org/W4387339324","https://openalex.org/W6995989817","https://openalex.org/W325012144","https://openalex.org/W7162845798"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"MORPHOSYNTACTICSTUDIES":[0],"OF":[1],"English":[2,145],"names":[3,28,35,43,49,72,189],"have":[4,159],"concentrated":[5],"on":[6],"external":[7,57],"grammatical":[8],"relationships.In":[9],"his":[10],"excellent":[11],"monograph":[12],"On":[13,227],"Defining":[14,228],"the":[15,22,40,61,67,96,105,116,139,174,193,207,229],"Proper":[16,230],"Name,":[17],"John":[18,225],"Algeo":[19],"has":[20,82,119],"cited":[21],"three":[23,133],"morphosyntactic":[24],"characteristics":[25,58],"distinguishing":[26],"proper":[27,34,42,48,71],"from":[29,200],"common":[30,143],"nouns:":[31],"1":[32,224],"(1)":[33],"are":[36,44,56,78,110,171],"not":[37,127,182],"used":[38,45],"in":[39,70,102,131,135,144],"plural;(2)":[41],"without":[46],"articles;(3)":[47],"do":[50,126],"accept":[51],"restrictive":[52],"relative":[53],"clauses.However,":[54],"these":[55,188],"applying":[59],"to":[60,88,152,184],"name":[62,221],"as":[63],"a":[64,112,161],"unit.Studies":[65],"of":[66,73,104,163,187],"internal":[68,154],"grammar":[69],"more":[74,166],"than":[75,167],"one":[76],"constituent":[77],"less":[79],"developed.Vivian":[80],"Zinkin":[81],"examined":[83],"multi-constituent":[84],"place-names":[85,147],"with":[86,206],"respect":[87],"generic":[89,97,118],"and":[90],"specific":[91],"constituents.2":[92],"In":[93],"Zinkin's":[94,136],"sample":[95,137],"noun":[98],"is":[99,181,214],"actually":[100],"present":[101],"most":[103,142],"names,":[106],"e.g.,":[107,210],"Long":[108],"Swamp.There":[109],"only":[111],"few":[113],"examples":[114,134],"where":[115],"true":[117],"been":[120],"suppressed.They":[121],"involve":[122],"adjective-noun":[123,140],"constructions,":[124],"which":[125,213],"require":[128],"connective":[129],"morphology":[130],"English.The":[132],"reflect":[138],"order":[141],"syntax.Ethiopian":[146],"offer":[148],"an":[149,197,201],"interesting":[150],"opportunity":[151],"examine":[153],"grammar.For":[155],"this":[156],"study":[157],"I":[158],"chosen":[160],"set":[162],"two-constituent":[164],"place-names.The":[165],"50":[168],"forms":[169],"included":[170],"primarily":[172],"Amharic,":[173],"official":[175],"national":[176],"language,":[177],"although":[178],"their":[179],"location":[180],"confined":[183],"Amharic-speaking":[185],"areas.Many":[186],"were":[190],"assigned":[191],"within":[192],"last":[194],"two":[195],"centuries.Sometimes":[196],"old":[198],"place-name":[199],"indigenous":[202],"language":[203],"exists":[204],"side-by-side":[205],"Amharic":[208],"form,":[209],"Debre":[211],"Zeyt,":[212],"also":[215],"known":[216],"by":[217],"its":[218],"older":[219],"Cushitic":[220],"Bishoftu,":[222],"especially":[223],"Algeo,":[226],"Name":[231],"(Gainesville:":[232]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-09-08T07:41:39.490200","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}