{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2017226811","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00071669408417731","title":"Bone structure and breaking strength in laying hens housed in different husbandry systems","display_name":"Bone structure and breaking strength in laying hens housed in different husbandry systems","publication_year":1994,"publication_date":"1994-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2017226811","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00071669408417731","mag":"2017226811","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7719730"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/00071669408417731","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00071669408417731","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00071669408417731","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111213849","display_name":"British Poultry Science","issn_l":"0007-1668","issn":["0007-1668","1466-1799"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"British Poultry Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109836942","display_name":"R. H. Fleming","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I133960621","display_name":"Roslin Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/01920rj20","country_code":"GB","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133960621","https://openalex.org/I2799693246","https://openalex.org/I4210087105","https://openalex.org/I98677209"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. H. Fleming","raw_affiliation_strings":["Roslin Institute, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Roslin Institute, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133960621"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108408841","display_name":"Colin C. Whitehead","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8118-2763","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8118-2763"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I133960621","display_name":"Roslin Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/01920rj20","country_code":"GB","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133960621","https://openalex.org/I2799693246","https://openalex.org/I4210087105","https://openalex.org/I98677209"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C. C. Whitehead","raw_affiliation_strings":["Roslin Institute (Edinburgh), Roslin, Midlothian, EH25 9PS, Scotland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Roslin Institute (Edinburgh), Roslin, Midlothian, EH25 9PS, Scotland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133960621"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040889036","display_name":"D.M. Alvey","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I22090551","display_name":"Agricultural Development Advisory Service (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/006d11e04","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I22090551"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D. Alvey","raw_affiliation_strings":["ADAS Gleadthorpe, Meden Vale, Mansfield, Nottingham, NG20 9PF, England"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ADAS Gleadthorpe, Meden Vale, Mansfield, Nottingham, NG20 9PF, England","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I22090551"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111687507","display_name":"N.G. Gregory","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36234482","display_name":"University of Bristol","ror":"https://ror.org/0524sp257","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"N. G. Gregory","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bristol University, Division of Meat Animal Science, Langford, Bristol, BS18 7DY, England"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bristol University, Division of Meat Animal Science, Langford, Bristol, BS18 7DY, England","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111618226","display_name":"Lindsay J. Wilkins","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36234482","display_name":"University of Bristol","ror":"https://ror.org/0524sp257","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"L. J. Wilkins","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bristol University, Division of Meat Animal Science, Langford, Bristol, BS18 7DY, England"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bristol University, Division of Meat Animal Science, Langford, Bristol, BS18 7DY, England","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.3026,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":147,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83849316,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"35","issue":"5","first_page":"651","last_page":"662"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10838","display_name":"Animal Behavior and Welfare Studies","score":0.48969998955726624,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1103","display_name":"Animal Science and Zoology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10838","display_name":"Animal Behavior and Welfare Studies","score":0.48969998955726624,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1103","display_name":"Animal Science and Zoology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10071","display_name":"Bone health and osteoporosis research","score":0.42579999566078186,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2732","display_name":"Orthopedics and Sports Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10152","display_name":"Animal Nutrition and Physiology","score":0.05570000037550926,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1103","display_name":"Animal Science and Zoology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/laying-hens","display_name":"laying hens","score":0.9459999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bone-structure","display_name":"bone structure","score":0.6919999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bone-breaking-strength","display_name":"bone breaking strength","score":0.9350000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/husbandry-systems","display_name":"husbandry systems","score":0.7549999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/battery-cages","display_name":"battery cages","score":0.9549999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/osteoporosis","display_name":"osteoporosis","score":0.8889999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cancellous-bone-volume","display_name":"cancellous bone volume","score":0.7929999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiographic-bone-density","display_name":"radiographic bone density","score":0.8500000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cortical-thickness","display_name":"cortical thickness","score":0.9589999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/humerus","display_name":"humerus","score":0.9409999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tibia","display_name":"tibia","score":0.9629999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bone-morphometry","display_name":"bone morphometry","score":0.6079999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cage-free-housing","display_name":"cage-free housing","score":0.3449999988079071}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61968832","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80962","display_name":"Animal husbandry","level":3,"score":0.8540289402008057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993365394","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5120022","display_name":"Breaking strength","level":2,"score":0.7507407665252686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779429622","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1780867","display_name":"Litter","level":2,"score":0.6478806734085083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776541429","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165328","display_name":"Osteoporosis","level":2,"score":0.4839354157447815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140793950","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q168091","display_name":"Animal science","level":1,"score":0.4672415554523468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779329777","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2304401","display_name":"Bone density","level":3,"score":0.45080867409706116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776206872","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162595","display_name":"Humerus","level":2,"score":0.42158252000808716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.4163919687271118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105702510","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q514","display_name":"Anatomy","level":1,"score":0.3615294098854065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.2065097987651825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.10874852538108826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.08940580487251282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.0835181474685669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118518473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11451","display_name":"Agriculture","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000704","descriptor_name":"Analysis of Variance","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000822","descriptor_name":"Animal Husbandry","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001842","descriptor_name":"Bone and Bones","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001842","descriptor_name":"Bone and Bones","qualifier_ui":"Q000033","qualifier_name":"anatomy & histology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001842","descriptor_name":"Bone and Bones","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001853","descriptor_name":"Bone Marrow","qualifier_ui":"Q000033","qualifier_name":"anatomy & histology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001853","descriptor_name":"Bone Marrow","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002645","descriptor_name":"Chickens","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006811","descriptor_name":"Humerus","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010058","descriptor_name":"Oviposition","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011859","descriptor_name":"Radiography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013718","descriptor_name":"Tensile Strength","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013977","descriptor_name":"Tibia","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015519","descriptor_name":"Bone Density","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/00071669408417731","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00071669408417731","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00071669408417731","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111213849","display_name":"British Poultry Science","issn_l":"0007-1668","issn":["0007-1668","1466-1799"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"British Poultry Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:7719730","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7719730","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"British poultry science","raw_type":"Comparative Study"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","display_name":"Zero hunger","score":0.6735000014305115}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W628175282","https://openalex.org/W1612227209","https://openalex.org/W1987300510","https://openalex.org/W2018862287","https://openalex.org/W2025378666","https://openalex.org/W2028954943","https://openalex.org/W2040035506","https://openalex.org/W2052204645","https://openalex.org/W2056059178","https://openalex.org/W2064275857","https://openalex.org/W2066716172","https://openalex.org/W2067715119","https://openalex.org/W2244585777","https://openalex.org/W2285553260","https://openalex.org/W2316338033","https://openalex.org/W2341564130","https://openalex.org/W2424164331","https://openalex.org/W2772906913","https://openalex.org/W4246536439"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2050431154","https://openalex.org/W1556681658","https://openalex.org/W2034725684","https://openalex.org/W1612227209","https://openalex.org/W191241228","https://openalex.org/W2160602289","https://openalex.org/W2122365722","https://openalex.org/W2266187954","https://openalex.org/W2034542826","https://openalex.org/W2159165292"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"1.":[0],"Bone":[1],"structure":[2],"and":[3,27,51,62,69,100,111,116,124,154,179],"breaking":[4,53,167],"strength":[5,125,156,168],"were":[6,65,82,90,105],"measured":[7],"in":[8,18,22,59,93,98,134,157],"hens":[9,34],"that":[10,140,165],"had":[11,35],"been":[12],"housed":[13],"throughout":[14],"a":[15,170],"laying":[16,158],"year":[17],"battery":[19],"cages":[20],"or":[21,25,75],"Perchery,":[23],"Naturel":[24,76,101],"Litter":[26,61],"Wire":[28,63],"husbandry":[29,120,148],"systems.":[30,87,102,121],"2.":[31],"Battery":[32],"caged":[33],"the":[36,60,129,141,166],"poorest":[37],"bones,":[38],"as":[39],"assessed":[40],"by":[41,146],"measurements":[42],"of":[43,113,132,143,169,182],"cancellous":[44],"bone":[45,80,94,152,155,172],"volume,":[46],"radiographic":[47,109,180],"density,":[48],"cortical":[49],"thickness":[50],"three-point":[52],"strength.":[54],"3.":[55],"Humeri":[56],"from":[57,73],"birds":[58,77,97],"system":[64],"less":[66],"dense":[67],"radiographically":[68],"weaker":[70],"than":[71],"those":[72],"Perchery":[74,99],"but":[78],"leg":[79],"characteristics":[81,95,126],"similar":[83],"with":[84],"these":[85],"three":[86],"4.":[88],"There":[89,104],"no":[91],"differences":[92],"between":[96,108],"5.":[103],"strong":[106],"correlations":[107],"densities":[110],"strengths":[112],"contralateral":[114],"humeri":[115],"tibiae":[117],"over":[118],"all":[119],"Humerus":[122],"structural":[123,151,184],"may":[127],"be":[128],"best":[130],"criteria":[131],"osteoporosis":[133],"hens.":[135,159],"6.":[136],"It":[137,161],"is":[138,162,173],"concluded":[139,164],"extent":[142],"movement":[144],"allowed":[145],"different":[147],"systems":[149],"affects":[150],"loss":[153],"7.":[160],"further":[163],"hen's":[171],"closely":[174],"related":[175],"to":[176],"morphometric":[177],"measures":[178],"density":[181],"its":[183],"components.":[185]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
