{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2017213207","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1108/eb055107","title":"5. Vulnerable Workers: A European Community Solution?","display_name":"5. Vulnerable Workers: A European Community Solution?","publication_year":1987,"publication_date":"1987-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2017213207","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1108/eb055107","mag":"2017213207"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1108/eb055107","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1108/eb055107","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1108/eb055107","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S34542846","display_name":"Employee Relations","issn_l":"0142-5455","issn":["0142-5455","1758-7069"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","fnege-3","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319811","host_organization_name":"Emerald Publishing Limited","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319811"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Emerald Publishing Limited"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Employee Relations","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028564386","display_name":"Erika Szyszczak","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Erika Szyszczak","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5028564386"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.30491803,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"5","first_page":"41","last_page":"48"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13088","display_name":"Legal and Labor Studies","score":0.4426000118255615,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1410","display_name":"Industrial relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13088","display_name":"Legal and Labor Studies","score":0.4426000118255615,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1410","display_name":"Industrial relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14255","display_name":"European Law and Migration","score":0.2272000014781952,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13911","display_name":"Employment, Labor, and Gender Studies","score":0.16820000112056732,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vulnerable-workers","display_name":"vulnerable workers","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/european-community-social-policy","display_name":"European Community social policy","score":0.8569999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/european-community-labour-law","display_name":"European Community labour law","score":0.6800000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/european-commission-proposal","display_name":"European Commission proposal","score":0.6949999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/uk-labour-market","display_name":"UK labour market","score":0.5350000262260437}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780668109","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192852","display_name":"Opposition (politics)","level":3,"score":0.7554032206535339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.5714646577835083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.5439224243164062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018369621","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52847","display_name":"European community","level":2,"score":0.5419952869415283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020782553","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8880","display_name":"European commission","level":3,"score":0.5235695242881775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10144844","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628967","display_name":"Labour law","level":2,"score":0.506445050239563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776034101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1509347","display_name":"Commission","level":2,"score":0.4948233962059021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4861276149749756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780224108","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2309653","display_name":"Social partners","level":2,"score":0.47571641206741333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019422483","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1646605","display_name":"Member states","level":3,"score":0.43757516145706177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779579949","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2986735","display_name":"Royal Commission","level":2,"score":0.4324849247932434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38104776","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932071","display_name":"Industrial relations","level":2,"score":0.4138072431087494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138921699","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47555","display_name":"Political economy","level":1,"score":0.41067826747894287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3116431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31728","display_name":"Public administration","level":1,"score":0.39072033762931824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.3800733685493469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105639569","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q582577","display_name":"Economic policy","level":1,"score":0.3780168294906616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145236788","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28161","display_name":"Labour economics","level":1,"score":0.34593600034713745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.3002856969833374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910001868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q458","display_name":"European union","level":2,"score":0.23105379939079285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.22530639171600342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155202549","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178803","display_name":"International trade","level":1,"score":0.12036481499671936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1108/eb055107","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1108/eb055107","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1108/eb055107","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S34542846","display_name":"Employee Relations","issn_l":"0142-5455","issn":["0142-5455","1758-7069"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","fnege-3","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319811","host_organization_name":"Emerald Publishing Limited","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319811"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Emerald Publishing Limited"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Employee Relations","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","display_name":"Decent work and economic growth"},{"score":0.8999999761581421,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"score":0.5899999737739563,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","display_name":"Decent work and economic growth"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":4,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W635328864","https://openalex.org/W2006295951","https://openalex.org/W2016956082","https://openalex.org/W4301749541"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4312530974","https://openalex.org/W2494134693","https://openalex.org/W7010930363","https://openalex.org/W587608007","https://openalex.org/W7061647540","https://openalex.org/W183694989","https://openalex.org/W7208342132","https://openalex.org/W4388435159","https://openalex.org/W2016816282","https://openalex.org/W2475594324"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"It":[0],"is":[1],"perhaps":[2],"surprising":[3],"that":[4],"in":[5,37,43,72,77,138],"recent":[6,78],"years":[7],"the":[8,15,24,35,56,73,82,99,102,105,110,116,132],"most":[9],"persuasive":[10],"and":[11,40,88,125,135],"optimistic":[12],"response":[13],"to":[14,98,129],"problems":[16],"encountered":[17],"by":[18,109,122],"vulnerable":[19,70],"workers":[20,71],"has":[21,85,89,119],"emanated":[22],"from":[23,55],"European":[25],"Community":[26],"(EC).":[27],"The":[28],"1970s":[29],"saw":[30],"a":[31,48,65,93,114],"growing":[32],"involvement":[33],"of":[34,51,60,101,104],"EC":[36,57,83,117,133],"social":[38],"policy":[39],"labour":[41,140],"law:":[42],"particular,":[44],"there":[45],"have":[46,64],"been":[47,86],"significant":[49],"number":[50],"proposed":[52],"measures":[53,62],"emerging":[54],"Commission.":[58],"Many":[59],"these":[61],"could":[63],"far\u2010reaching":[66],"potential,":[67],"particularly":[68],"for":[69],"United":[74],"Kingdom.":[75],"However,":[76],"years,":[79],"progress":[80],"at":[81],"level":[84],"slow":[87],"now":[90],"reached":[91],"almost":[92],"complete":[94],"standstill,":[95],"largely":[96],"due":[97],"opposition":[100],"governments":[103],"member":[106],"states":[107],"led":[108],"British":[111],"Government.":[112],"As":[113],"consequence,":[115],"programme":[118],"become":[120],"beset":[121],"legal,":[123],"institutional":[124],"political":[126],"wrangles":[127],"as":[128],"how":[130],"far":[131],"can":[134],"should":[136],"intervene":[137],"national":[139],"markets.":[141]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}