{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2017161535","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0305741009991044","title":"Redistributive Nature of the Chinese Social Benefit System: Progressive or Regressive?","display_name":"Redistributive Nature of the Chinese Social Benefit System: Progressive or Regressive?","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2017161535","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0305741009991044","mag":"2017161535"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1017/s0305741009991044","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0305741009991044","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0305741009991044","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S12189451","display_name":"The China Quarterly","issn_l":"0009-4439","issn":["0009-4439","0305-7410","1468-2648"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-2","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The China Quarterly","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012884517","display_name":"Qin Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9370-6595","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9370-6595"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Qin Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5012884517"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":3550,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3550},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":27.0136,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":59,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99234654,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"201","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"19"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10628","display_name":"China's Socioeconomic Reforms and Governance","score":0.8666999936103821,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10628","display_name":"China's Socioeconomic Reforms and Governance","score":0.8666999936103821,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10443","display_name":"Social Policy and Reform Studies","score":0.06949999928474426,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10446","display_name":"Income, Poverty, and Inequality","score":0.05050000175833702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-benefits","display_name":"social benefits","score":0.8339999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/redistribution","display_name":"redistribution","score":0.6700000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/progressivity","display_name":"progressivity","score":0.7009999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regressivity","display_name":"regressivity","score":0.9890000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-rural-inequality","display_name":"urban-rural inequality","score":0.8270000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rural-social-welfare","display_name":"rural social welfare","score":0.44200000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-poor","display_name":"urban poor","score":0.7089999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/migrant-workers","display_name":"migrant workers","score":0.6610000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/china","display_name":"China","score":0.5889999866485596}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199728807","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2578557","display_name":"Equity (law)","level":2,"score":0.625149130821228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25287524","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13416790","display_name":"Social equality","level":2,"score":0.5972443222999573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5021548271179199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.4889868497848511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129047720","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175185","display_name":"Rural area","level":2,"score":0.44719552993774414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.4379418194293976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198477413","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7647069","display_name":"Survey data collection","level":2,"score":0.41618478298187256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.38752079010009766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100001284","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2248246","display_name":"Public economics","level":1,"score":0.3623260259628296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47768531","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1127188","display_name":"Development economics","level":1,"score":0.34635478258132935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.2830761671066284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.2778455913066864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1017/s0305741009991044","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0305741009991044","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0305741009991044","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S12189451","display_name":"The China Quarterly","issn_l":"0009-4439","issn":["0009-4439","0305-7410","1468-2648"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-2","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The China Quarterly","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.9629999995231628,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"},{"display_name":"No poverty","score":0.666700005531311,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/1"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"display_name":"No poverty","score":0.6700000166893005,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/1"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W400462867","https://openalex.org/W581300983","https://openalex.org/W630219362","https://openalex.org/W641511810","https://openalex.org/W656813788","https://openalex.org/W1535778627","https://openalex.org/W1539228067","https://openalex.org/W1603760986","https://openalex.org/W1625772672","https://openalex.org/W1665623833","https://openalex.org/W1917738475","https://openalex.org/W1968018014","https://openalex.org/W1995704513","https://openalex.org/W2030817943","https://openalex.org/W2039404166","https://openalex.org/W2047116394","https://openalex.org/W2049834232","https://openalex.org/W2050169372","https://openalex.org/W2052811385","https://openalex.org/W2055290123","https://openalex.org/W2067797849","https://openalex.org/W2075964176","https://openalex.org/W2077058378","https://openalex.org/W2081553266","https://openalex.org/W2120588488","https://openalex.org/W2126480702","https://openalex.org/W2134843239","https://openalex.org/W2142634319","https://openalex.org/W2147290380","https://openalex.org/W2149326584","https://openalex.org/W2166784248","https://openalex.org/W2167500399","https://openalex.org/W2325970924","https://openalex.org/W2515404012","https://openalex.org/W2763282329"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1565510349","https://openalex.org/W2037006623","https://openalex.org/W2481976999","https://openalex.org/W2325970924","https://openalex.org/W4210426871","https://openalex.org/W658176142","https://openalex.org/W2061107632","https://openalex.org/W2887977990","https://openalex.org/W4379615812","https://openalex.org/W2607172260"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Using":[1],"nationally":[2],"representative":[3],"household":[4],"survey":[5],"data":[6],"and":[7,26,30,61,70,106,122],"a":[8,51],"revealing":[9],"statistical":[10],"method,":[11],"this":[12],"article":[13],"investigates":[14],"the":[15,19,32,42,82,107],"redistributive":[16,43,117],"nature":[17,44],"of":[18,39,45,84,112],"Chinese":[20,40],"social":[21,46,55,66,75],"benefit":[22,76],"system":[23,77],"within":[24],"urban":[25,54,108],"rural":[27,65,103],"areas":[28],"respectively":[29],"in":[31],"national":[33,74],"context.":[34],"Like":[35],"many":[36],"other":[37],"dimensions":[38],"society,":[41],"benefits":[47,56,67],"appeared":[48],"to":[49,101],"be":[50],"two-sided":[52],"story:":[53],"were":[57,68],"much":[58],"more":[59],"generous":[60],"predominantly":[62],"progressive,":[63],"while":[64],"minimal":[69],"consistently":[71],"regressive.":[72],"The":[73,110],"was":[78],"redistributed":[79],"regressively,":[80],"but":[81],"extent":[83],"its":[85],"regressivity":[86],"decreased":[87],"over":[88],"time,":[89],"suggesting":[90],"an":[91],"equity-oriented":[92],"policy":[93],"direction":[94],"echoed":[95],"by":[96],"several":[97],"recent":[98],"government":[99],"initiatives":[100],"support":[102],"residents,":[104],"migrants":[105],"poor.":[109],"outcomes":[111],"these":[113],"initiatives,":[114],"especially":[115],"their":[116],"effects,":[118],"require":[119],"close":[120],"observation":[121],"await":[123],"evaluation.":[124]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}