{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2017137665","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2013.00181","title":"COX-Independent Mechanisms of Cancer Chemoprevention by Anti-Inflammatory Drugs","display_name":"COX-Independent Mechanisms of Cancer Chemoprevention by Anti-Inflammatory Drugs","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2017137665","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2013.00181","mag":"2017137665","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23875171","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3708159"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fonc.2013.00181","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2013.00181","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2013.00181","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2013.00181/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2596394214","display_name":"Frontiers in Oncology","issn_l":"2234-943X","issn":["2234-943X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Oncology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2013.00181/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074047848","display_name":"Evrim Gurpinar","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32389192","display_name":"University of Alabama at Birmingham","ror":"https://ror.org/008s83205","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32389192"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Evrim Gurpinar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32389192"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076077003","display_name":"William E. Grizzle","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9245-0401","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9245-0401"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32389192","display_name":"University of Alabama at Birmingham","ror":"https://ror.org/008s83205","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32389192"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"William E. Grizzle","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Pathology, 703 19th St. S, ZRB 408, Birmingham, 35294, AL, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Pathology, 703 19th St. S, ZRB 408, Birmingham, 35294, AL, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32389192"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071802884","display_name":"Gary Anthony Piazza","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4418-887X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4418-887X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210089171","display_name":"USA Mitchell Cancer Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/009wx7055","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210089171"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83809506","display_name":"University of South Alabama","ror":"https://ror.org/01s7b5y08","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83809506"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Gary A. Piazza","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of South Alabama, Mitchell Cancer Institute, 1660 Springhill Avenue, Suite 3029, Mobile, 36604, AL, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of South Alabama, Mitchell Cancer Institute, 1660 Springhill Avenue, Suite 3029, Mobile, 36604, AL, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210089171","https://openalex.org/I83809506"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5071802884"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210089171","https://openalex.org/I83809506"],"apc_list":{"value":3150,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3801},"apc_paid":{"value":3150,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3801},"fwci":5.7516,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":133,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96791495,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"3","issue":null,"first_page":"181","last_page":"181"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10678","display_name":"Inflammatory mediators and NSAID effects","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2736","display_name":"Pharmacology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10678","display_name":"Inflammatory mediators and NSAID effects","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2736","display_name":"Pharmacology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10274","display_name":"Heterocyclic Compound Synthesis and Bioactivity","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1605","display_name":"Organic Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11339","display_name":"Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chemoprevention","display_name":"chemoprevention","score":0.9570000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonsteroidal-anti-inflammatory-drugs","display_name":"nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs","score":0.9869999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cyclooxygenase-2","display_name":"cyclooxygenase-2","score":0.6650000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cox-independent-mechanism","display_name":"COX-independent mechanism","score":0.8980000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cyclooxygenase-inhibition","display_name":"cyclooxygenase inhibition","score":0.6610000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antiproliferative-activity","display_name":"antiproliferative activity","score":0.75},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prostaglandin-synthesis","display_name":"prostaglandin synthesis","score":0.6710000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nsaid-toxicity","display_name":"NSAID toxicity","score":0.753000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carcinogenesis","display_name":"carcinogenesis","score":0.8650000095367432}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555283112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1637543","display_name":"Carcinogenesis","level":3,"score":0.7078604698181152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121608353","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12078","display_name":"Cancer","level":2,"score":0.6419917941093445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.6396312117576599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779689624","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q410251","display_name":"Cyclooxygenase","level":3,"score":0.560908317565918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98274493","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128406","display_name":"Pharmacology","level":1,"score":0.5432142615318298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780234812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1787013","display_name":"Cancer prevention","level":3,"score":0.49357736110687256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C502942594","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3421914","display_name":"Cancer research","level":1,"score":0.4037218391895294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60644358","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128570","display_name":"Bioinformatics","level":1,"score":0.3233177065849304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.2151426076889038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.1874161660671234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181199279","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8047","display_name":"Enzyme","level":2,"score":0.09949222207069397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3389/fonc.2013.00181","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2013.00181","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2013.00181","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2013.00181/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2596394214","display_name":"Frontiers in Oncology","issn_l":"2234-943X","issn":["2234-943X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Oncology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:2709995","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3708159","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:3708159","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3708159","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Front Oncol","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:23875171","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23875171","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in oncology","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:182bc50e1c704ae4898c31aecf11fbd4","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/182bc50e1c704ae4898c31aecf11fbd4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Oncology, Vol 3 (2013)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fonc.2013.00181","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2013.00181","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2013.00181","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2013.00181/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2596394214","display_name":"Frontiers in Oncology","issn_l":"2234-943X","issn":["2234-943X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Oncology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2411445393","display_name":"Development of a novel sulindac amide for colorectal cancer chemoprevention","funder_award_id":"R01CA148817","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337351","funder_display_name":"National Cancer Institute"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5679912451","display_name":"Novel Sulindac Derivatives for  Colon Cancer Chemoprevention","funder_award_id":"R01CA131378","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337351","funder_display_name":"National Cancer Institute"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6912270293","display_name":"Phosphodiesterase 5: A Novel Target and Inhibitor for Breast Cancer Chemopreventi","funder_award_id":"R01CA155638","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337351","funder_display_name":"National Cancer Institute"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7820584853","display_name":"Rheumatic Diseases Core Centers (P30)","funder_award_id":"P30AR048311","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337362","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337351","display_name":"National Cancer Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/040gcmg81"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337362","display_name":"National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases","ror":"https://ror.org/006zn3t30"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2017137665.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2017137665.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":193,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W78238624","https://openalex.org/W140965324","https://openalex.org/W171242315","https://openalex.org/W191374746","https://openalex.org/W1480887469","https://openalex.org/W1481867138","https://openalex.org/W1497376376","https://openalex.org/W1539601638","https://openalex.org/W1558367558","https://openalex.org/W1563375897","https://openalex.org/W1570736525","https://openalex.org/W1576582769","https://openalex.org/W1584314654","https://openalex.org/W1781950500","https://openalex.org/W1783022590","https://openalex.org/W1800142641","https://openalex.org/W1870025411","https://openalex.org/W1876192519","https://openalex.org/W1877627579","https://openalex.org/W1965532883","https://openalex.org/W1966861485","https://openalex.org/W1967985001","https://openalex.org/W1971336699","https://openalex.org/W1972375217","https://openalex.org/W1973086667","https://openalex.org/W1979091254","https://openalex.org/W1979201752","https://openalex.org/W1979955384","https://openalex.org/W1980786980","https://openalex.org/W1981517713","https://openalex.org/W1986732497","https://openalex.org/W1986936335","https://openalex.org/W1988860992","https://openalex.org/W1989934461","https://openalex.org/W1991307214","https://openalex.org/W1992292526","https://openalex.org/W1994823455","https://openalex.org/W1995414327","https://openalex.org/W1995978700","https://openalex.org/W1998876742","https://openalex.org/W2000068416","https://openalex.org/W2002047708","https://openalex.org/W2003206908","https://openalex.org/W2003654564","https://openalex.org/W2004780456","https://openalex.org/W2007303100","https://openalex.org/W2009364149","https://openalex.org/W2010803278","https://openalex.org/W2012082077","https://openalex.org/W2015425464","https://openalex.org/W2015959127","https://openalex.org/W2016403221","https://openalex.org/W2017522832","https://openalex.org/W2019370793","https://openalex.org/W2019506693","https://openalex.org/W2019799157","https://openalex.org/W2021520050","https://openalex.org/W2023825890","https://openalex.org/W2024004314","https://openalex.org/W2024457824","https://openalex.org/W2025283459","https://openalex.org/W2026307857","https://openalex.org/W2026967508","https://openalex.org/W2028118323","https://openalex.org/W2030701541","https://openalex.org/W2031042994","https://openalex.org/W2032331113","https://openalex.org/W2032810655","https://openalex.org/W2033498682","https://openalex.org/W2034539919","https://openalex.org/W2035258932","https://openalex.org/W2037177985","https://openalex.org/W2038554369","https://openalex.org/W2042042913","https://openalex.org/W2043944220","https://openalex.org/W2044189814","https://openalex.org/W2044635187","https://openalex.org/W2045223028","https://openalex.org/W2045574895","https://openalex.org/W2047499066","https://openalex.org/W2047521631","https://openalex.org/W2047821877","https://openalex.org/W2047884280","https://openalex.org/W2050658186","https://openalex.org/W2051279880","https://openalex.org/W2051466603","https://openalex.org/W2053627417","https://openalex.org/W2055951936","https://openalex.org/W2056378584","https://openalex.org/W2056891806","https://openalex.org/W2057252291","https://openalex.org/W2058725063","https://openalex.org/W2060852373","https://openalex.org/W2064696266","https://openalex.org/W2065731223","https://openalex.org/W2066074947","https://openalex.org/W2066478984","https://openalex.org/W2068464676","https://openalex.org/W2068806248","https://openalex.org/W2070853191","https://openalex.org/W2071975518","https://openalex.org/W2075124821","https://openalex.org/W2076496758","https://openalex.org/W2080680563","https://openalex.org/W2082523839","https://openalex.org/W2082812256","https://openalex.org/W2084260196","https://openalex.org/W2085552591","https://openalex.org/W2087224686","https://openalex.org/W2088404163","https://openalex.org/W2089805431","https://openalex.org/W2091356364","https://openalex.org/W2091772518","https://openalex.org/W2093620671","https://openalex.org/W2096184593","https://openalex.org/W2096530472","https://openalex.org/W2096652490","https://openalex.org/W2097620342","https://openalex.org/W2098837345","https://openalex.org/W2099789913","https://openalex.org/W2100584382","https://openalex.org/W2100910673","https://openalex.org/W2102807711","https://openalex.org/W2102812577","https://openalex.org/W2104634899","https://openalex.org/W2105114667","https://openalex.org/W2105372476","https://openalex.org/W2105607387","https://openalex.org/W2106607972","https://openalex.org/W2108126051","https://openalex.org/W2108882705","https://openalex.org/W2111263798","https://openalex.org/W2111406172","https://openalex.org/W2111491061","https://openalex.org/W2114521101","https://openalex.org/W2114597279","https://openalex.org/W2114944688","https://openalex.org/W2115329218","https://openalex.org/W2115424486","https://openalex.org/W2116184358","https://openalex.org/W2117858791","https://openalex.org/W2118472471","https://openalex.org/W2120859709","https://openalex.org/W2120968476","https://openalex.org/W2122801398","https://openalex.org/W2122953993","https://openalex.org/W2124752504","https://openalex.org/W2125142347","https://openalex.org/W2127560071","https://openalex.org/W2127681478","https://openalex.org/W2129497878","https://openalex.org/W2129733741","https://openalex.org/W2133125477","https://openalex.org/W2135880879","https://openalex.org/W2136679918","https://openalex.org/W2137449024","https://openalex.org/W2141658484","https://openalex.org/W2143296984","https://openalex.org/W2144520999","https://openalex.org/W2144650531","https://openalex.org/W2146021827","https://openalex.org/W2147114673","https://openalex.org/W2150065588","https://openalex.org/W2151324279","https://openalex.org/W2152515299","https://openalex.org/W2153154305","https://openalex.org/W2156881931","https://openalex.org/W2157410362","https://openalex.org/W2158708535","https://openalex.org/W2159193222","https://openalex.org/W2161515819","https://openalex.org/W2162822931","https://openalex.org/W2163302640","https://openalex.org/W2165524927","https://openalex.org/W2169623192","https://openalex.org/W2170720047","https://openalex.org/W2171294643","https://openalex.org/W2171978272","https://openalex.org/W2172184136","https://openalex.org/W2328972448","https://openalex.org/W2336169581","https://openalex.org/W2336215030","https://openalex.org/W2343053785","https://openalex.org/W2406695751","https://openalex.org/W2409830125","https://openalex.org/W2412366243","https://openalex.org/W2460522821","https://openalex.org/W2784537797","https://openalex.org/W3100743833","https://openalex.org/W3143749224","https://openalex.org/W6601104142","https://openalex.org/W6601180101","https://openalex.org/W6874006476"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2030765289","https://openalex.org/W2370868643","https://openalex.org/W77784348","https://openalex.org/W2007303100","https://openalex.org/W2153825864","https://openalex.org/W2140448436","https://openalex.org/W2166030420","https://openalex.org/W2158842383","https://openalex.org/W2131427975","https://openalex.org/W2068442010"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Epidemiological":[0],"and":[1,28,52,116,133,153,167,186],"clinical":[2],"studies":[3,22,92],"suggest":[4,59],"that":[5,60,95],"non-steroidal":[6],"anti-inflammatory":[7],"drugs":[8,189],"(NSAIDs),":[9],"including":[10],"cyclooxygenase":[11],"(COX)-2":[12],"selective":[13],"inhibitors,":[14],"reduce":[15],"the":[16,41,67,74,109,134,140,158,170,182],"risk":[17],"of":[18,31,44,48,62,70,88,108,114,136,143,160,163,169,184],"developing":[19],"cancer.":[20],"Experimental":[21],"in":[23,50,55,124],"human":[24],"cancer":[25,57,146,191],"cell":[26],"lines":[27],"rodent":[29],"models":[30],"carcinogenesis":[32],"support":[33],"these":[34,71,119],"observations":[35],"by":[36,77,173],"providing":[37],"strong":[38],"evidence":[39],"for":[40,66,145,190],"antineoplastic":[42],"properties":[43],"NSAIDs.":[45],"The":[46],"involvement":[47],"COX-2":[49,63],"tumorigenesis":[51],"its":[53],"overexpression":[54],"various":[56],"tissues":[58],"inhibition":[61,132],"is":[64,151],"responsible":[65],"chemopreventive":[68,149],"efficacy":[69,150],"agents.":[72],"However,":[73],"precise":[75],"mechanisms":[76],"which":[78,174],"NSAIDs":[79,96,115,144],"exert":[80],"their":[81,125],"antiproliferative":[82],"effects":[83],"are":[84],"still":[85],"a":[86,105],"matter":[87],"debate.":[89],"Numerous":[90],"other":[91],"have":[93],"shown":[94],"can":[97],"act":[98],"through":[99],"COX-independent":[100,111],"mechanisms.":[101],"This":[102],"review":[103],"provides":[104],"detailed":[106],"description":[107],"major":[110],"molecular":[112],"targets":[113,120,166],"discusses":[117],"how":[118],"may":[121],"be":[122],"involved":[123],"anticancer":[126],"effects.":[127],"Toxicities":[128],"resulting":[129],"from":[130],"COX":[131],"suppression":[135],"prostaglandin":[137],"synthesis":[138],"preclude":[139],"long-term":[141],"use":[142],"chemoprevention.":[147,192],"Furthermore,":[148],"incomplete":[152],"treatment":[154],"often":[155],"leads":[156],"to":[157,181],"development":[159,183],"resistance.":[161],"Identification":[162],"alternative":[164],"NSAID":[165],"elucidation":[168],"biochemical":[171],"processes":[172],"they":[175],"inhibit":[176],"tumor":[177],"growth":[178],"could":[179],"lead":[180],"safer":[185],"more":[187],"efficacious":[188]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
