{"id":"https://openalex.org/W201707890","doi":null,"title":"THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DIRECT AND INDIRECT AGGRESSION AND SOCIAL COMPETENCE AMONG THREE CULTURAL GROUPS IN SOUTH AFRICA","display_name":"THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DIRECT AND INDIRECT AGGRESSION AND SOCIAL COMPETENCE AMONG THREE CULTURAL GROUPS IN SOUTH AFRICA","publication_year":2006,"publication_date":"2006-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W201707890","mag":"201707890"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:scholar.sun.ac.za:10019.1/2778","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/2778","pdf_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/2778","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400300","display_name":"SUNScholar (Stellenbosch University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I26092322","host_organization_name":"Stellenbosch University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I26092322"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Thesis"},"volume":null,"type":"dissertation","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/2778","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034502502","display_name":"Aletta J. Nel","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Aletta J. Nel","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5034502502"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10485","display_name":"Bullying, Victimization, and Aggression","score":0.986299991607666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10485","display_name":"Bullying, Victimization, and Aggression","score":0.986299991607666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14277","display_name":"Social Skills and Education","score":0.00139999995008111,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10314","display_name":"Social and Intergroup Psychology","score":0.00139999995008111,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/direct-aggression","display_name":"direct aggression","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/indirect-aggression","display_name":"indirect aggression","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-competence","display_name":"social competence","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-skills","display_name":"social skills","score":0.8539999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cultural-differences","display_name":"cultural differences","score":0.6079999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gender-differences","display_name":"gender differences","score":0.7710000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relationship-initiation","display_name":"relationship initiation","score":0.6909999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/empathy","display_name":"empathy","score":0.8169999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emotional-support","display_name":"emotional support","score":0.6669999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conflict-management","display_name":"conflict management","score":0.7760000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/black-students","display_name":"Black students","score":0.7179999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/south-africa","display_name":"South Africa","score":0.6129999756813049}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779448149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q191797","display_name":"Aggression","level":2,"score":0.8842442035675049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.7206282615661621},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.5422817468643188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.5121395587921143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40422974","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q741248","display_name":"Assertion","level":2,"score":0.46941977739334106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779885105","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182263","display_name":"Empathy","level":2,"score":0.4641820788383484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91034043","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q223642","display_name":"Interpersonal relationship","level":2,"score":0.4380108416080475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25148115","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q304904","display_name":"Social competence","level":3,"score":0.4132593274116516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70410870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199906","display_name":"Clinical psychology","level":1,"score":0.33302372694015503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206836424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1510761","display_name":"Social change","level":2,"score":0.25029146671295166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.11281323432922363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:scholar.sun.ac.za:10019.1/2778","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/2778","pdf_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/2778","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400300","display_name":"SUNScholar (Stellenbosch University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I26092322","host_organization_name":"Stellenbosch University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I26092322"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Thesis"},{"id":"mag:201707890","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://scholar.sun.ac.za:443/bitstream/10019.1/2778/1/nel_relationship_2006.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:scholar.sun.ac.za:10019.1/2778","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/2778","pdf_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/2778","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400300","display_name":"SUNScholar (Stellenbosch University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I26092322","host_organization_name":"Stellenbosch University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I26092322"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Thesis"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5473999977111816,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W201707890.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W201707890.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":101,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W29000704","https://openalex.org/W53711670","https://openalex.org/W85721013","https://openalex.org/W209630688","https://openalex.org/W254098296","https://openalex.org/W317846674","https://openalex.org/W324179873","https://openalex.org/W574573500","https://openalex.org/W634256603","https://openalex.org/W634452566","https://openalex.org/W874700374","https://openalex.org/W948172895","https://openalex.org/W1156540503","https://openalex.org/W1483548359","https://openalex.org/W1486490357","https://openalex.org/W1497059840","https://openalex.org/W1503196427","https://openalex.org/W1528906565","https://openalex.org/W1529997947","https://openalex.org/W1553674954","https://openalex.org/W1558674342","https://openalex.org/W1563219984","https://openalex.org/W1581540711","https://openalex.org/W1591162498","https://openalex.org/W1730908379","https://openalex.org/W1812444648","https://openalex.org/W1944168878","https://openalex.org/W1969222465","https://openalex.org/W1969349975","https://openalex.org/W1970456361","https://openalex.org/W1971442926","https://openalex.org/W1977004202","https://openalex.org/W1980881588","https://openalex.org/W1984235632","https://openalex.org/W1985612218","https://openalex.org/W1986722247","https://openalex.org/W1988880208","https://openalex.org/W1989192281","https://openalex.org/W1989980961","https://openalex.org/W1991739562","https://openalex.org/W1993484360","https://openalex.org/W1994659548","https://openalex.org/W1995024300","https://openalex.org/W1998710017","https://openalex.org/W1999234948","https://openalex.org/W2000670652","https://openalex.org/W2004417889","https://openalex.org/W2010156196","https://openalex.org/W2015594889","https://openalex.org/W2020001596","https://openalex.org/W2022338613","https://openalex.org/W2038031013","https://openalex.org/W2038419128","https://openalex.org/W2040666460","https://openalex.org/W2043485637","https://openalex.org/W2057432482","https://openalex.org/W2058881731","https://openalex.org/W2059808359","https://openalex.org/W2061074415","https://openalex.org/W2075181830","https://openalex.org/W2078451867","https://openalex.org/W2090315848","https://openalex.org/W2090754195","https://openalex.org/W2094034997","https://openalex.org/W2094649338","https://openalex.org/W2098723657","https://openalex.org/W2107649386","https://openalex.org/W2109353603","https://openalex.org/W2110516848","https://openalex.org/W2114320890","https://openalex.org/W2123211351","https://openalex.org/W2129441887","https://openalex.org/W2131146460","https://openalex.org/W2131325828","https://openalex.org/W2136253554","https://openalex.org/W2142924890","https://openalex.org/W2161551760","https://openalex.org/W2167062651","https://openalex.org/W2167100987","https://openalex.org/W2168420562","https://openalex.org/W2261927245","https://openalex.org/W2268964954","https://openalex.org/W2276573065","https://openalex.org/W2284651558","https://openalex.org/W2288132128","https://openalex.org/W2331198758","https://openalex.org/W2404243013","https://openalex.org/W2463444355","https://openalex.org/W2470059969","https://openalex.org/W2499176796","https://openalex.org/W2505397472","https://openalex.org/W2520979455","https://openalex.org/W2535718601","https://openalex.org/W2606977878","https://openalex.org/W2806632673","https://openalex.org/W2906664059","https://openalex.org/W4212976943","https://openalex.org/W4214811030","https://openalex.org/W4236042624","https://openalex.org/W4246331610","https://openalex.org/W4255156132"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1944168878","https://openalex.org/W2483383461","https://openalex.org/W2147842125","https://openalex.org/W756140630","https://openalex.org/W2147696324","https://openalex.org/W2001811501","https://openalex.org/W4401587619","https://openalex.org/W3019834810","https://openalex.org/W1547627257","https://openalex.org/W2996500894"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,96],"aim":[1],"of":[2,14,22,87,94],"this":[3],"exploratory":[4],"study":[5],"was":[6,118,139,147,204],"to":[7,28,43,75,129,149],"investigate":[8],"the":[9,20,26,56,62,85,88,92,127,170,174,186],"causal":[10],"relationship":[11],"between":[12,103,162],"levels":[13],"direct":[15,121,181,196],"and":[16,19,40,42,70,79,91,105,112,188],"indirect":[17,201],"aggression":[18,69,104,122,146,182,197,202],"presence":[21],"social":[23,45,71,106],"competence":[24,72],"(specifically":[25],"ability":[27,128],"initiate":[29,130],"relationships,":[30],"portray":[31],"negative":[32,135,141,154],"assertion,":[33,136],"disclose":[34],"personal":[35],"information,":[36],"provide":[37],"emotional":[38],"support":[39],"advice,":[41],"manage":[44],"conflict)":[46],"among":[47],"different":[48],"cultural":[49,163],"groups":[50,164,190],"in":[51,194],"South":[52],"Africa.":[53],"Two":[54],"questionnaires,":[55],"RCRQ":[57],"(Richardson":[58],"Conflict":[59],"Response":[60],"Questionnaire)":[61,66],"ICQ":[63],"(Interpersonal":[64],"Competence":[65],"measuring":[67],"respectively":[68],"were":[73,115,160,183],"administered":[74],"729":[76],"black,":[77],"coloured":[78,187,207],"white":[80,189],"pregraduate":[81],"university":[82],"students":[83],"from":[84],"University":[86,93],"Western":[89],"Cape":[90],"Stellenbosch.":[95],"results":[97,159,171],"showed":[98],"poor":[99],"but":[100,137],"significant":[101,109,158],"relationships":[102,131],"competence.":[107],"Strong":[108],"cultural,":[110],"gender":[111,178],"interaction":[113],"effects":[114],"found.":[116],"It":[117],"found":[119,148,161],"that":[120,165,206],"is":[123],"positively":[124],"associated":[125],"with":[126,143,153,191],"as":[132,134],"well":[133],"there":[138],"a":[140],"correlation":[142],"empathy.":[144],"Indirect":[145],"be":[150],"negatively":[151],"correlated":[152],"assertion.":[155],"However,":[156],"less":[157,195],"do":[166],"not":[167],"fully":[168],"reflect":[169],"obtained":[172],"for":[173,180],"total":[175],"group.":[176],"Significant":[177],"differences":[179],"reported":[184,205],"by":[185],"females":[192],"engaging":[193],"than":[198],"males.":[199],"For":[200],"it":[203]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
