{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2017046009","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.273827","title":"EBIC and TEM analysis of catastrophic optical damage in high-power GaAlAs/GaInAs lasers","display_name":"EBIC and TEM analysis of catastrophic optical damage in high-power GaAlAs/GaInAs lasers","publication_year":1997,"publication_date":"1997-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2017046009","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.273827","mag":"2017046009"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1117/12.273827","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.273827","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.273827","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S183492911","display_name":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","issn_l":"0277-786X","issn":["0277-786X","1996-756X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315543","host_organization_name":"SPIE","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315543"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SPIE"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SPIE Proceedings","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-paper","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070901333","display_name":"Robert E. Mallard","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153908563","display_name":"Nortel (Canada)","ror":"https://ror.org/03rz4pm90","country_code":"CA","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153908563"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert E. Mallard","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nortel Technology, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nortel Technology, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153908563"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Rick D. Clayton","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153908563","display_name":"Nortel (Canada)","ror":"https://ror.org/03rz4pm90","country_code":"CA","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153908563"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rick D. Clayton","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nortel Technology, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nortel Technology, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153908563"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153908563"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.2997,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.75775494,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"3004","issue":null,"first_page":"145","last_page":"150"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11429","display_name":"Semiconductor Lasers and Optical Devices","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11429","display_name":"Semiconductor Lasers and Optical Devices","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12309","display_name":"solar cell performance optimization","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14158","display_name":"Optical Systems and Laser Technology","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/catastrophic-optical-damage","display_name":"catastrophic optical damage","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/high-power-semiconductor-lasers","display_name":"high-power semiconductor lasers","score":0.8830000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dislocation-loops","display_name":"dislocation loops","score":0.7459999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dislocation-tangles","display_name":"dislocation tangles","score":0.8130000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extended-defects","display_name":"extended defects","score":0.6819999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/laser-induced-degradation","display_name":"laser degradation","score":0.4309999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermal-rollover","display_name":"thermal rollover","score":0.8069999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pulsed-operation","display_name":"pulsed operation","score":0.9240000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interdiffusion","display_name":"interdiffusion","score":0.6610000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electron-beam-induced-current","display_name":"electron beam induced current","score":0.7329999804496765}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C520434653","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38867","display_name":"Laser","level":2,"score":0.6955476999282837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.6848474144935608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.6643533706665039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121477167","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17154002","display_name":"Semiconductor laser theory","level":3,"score":0.4559188485145569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4353247284889221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.3535918891429901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108225325","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11456","display_name":"Semiconductor","level":2,"score":0.18893206119537354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.08315199613571167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1117/12.273827","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.273827","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.273827","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S183492911","display_name":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","issn_l":"0277-786X","issn":["0277-786X","1996-756X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315543","host_organization_name":"SPIE","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315543"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SPIE"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SPIE Proceedings","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1971288110","https://openalex.org/W1973603448","https://openalex.org/W2520996644","https://openalex.org/W1986928477","https://openalex.org/W2686228108","https://openalex.org/W1993222803","https://openalex.org/W2080104084","https://openalex.org/W7045925742","https://openalex.org/W2055561746","https://openalex.org/W1988984658"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0],"have":[1,70],"performed":[2],"a":[3,226],"structural":[4],"study":[5,80],"of":[6,38,41,47,53,57,65,83,107,117,124,134,158,200,232,235,244,253,261],"GaAlAs/GaInAs":[7],"lasers,":[8],"designed":[9],"to":[10,79,95,153,250],"emit":[11],"at":[12,171,258],"980":[13],"nm,":[14],"ass":[15],"they":[16],"undergo":[17],"catastrophic":[18],"optical":[19],"damage":[20,168],"(COD)":[21],"during":[22],"L-I":[23],"testing.":[24],"Electron":[25],"beam":[26],"induced":[27,67],"current":[28,256],"analysis":[29,145],"shows":[30],"that":[31,165],"COD":[32,159,167,219],"is":[33,120,138,194,248],"characterized":[34],"by":[35,196],"the":[36,45,48,51,54,58,62,66,81,84,104,108,114,118,125,135,155,166,172,179,197,201,239,251,254,259],"introduction":[37],"high":[39],"densities":[40],"extended":[42],"defects":[43,85],"along":[44,178,238],"cavity":[46,137,180],"laser,":[49],"in":[50,86,99,103,122,130,225],"vicinity":[52],"output":[55,187],"facet":[56],"device.":[59,202],"Having":[60],"determined":[61],"approximate":[63],"location":[64],"defects,":[68],"we":[69],"employed":[71],"precision":[72],"transmission":[73],"electron":[74],"microscope":[75],"specimen":[76],"fabricating":[77],"techniques":[78],"structure":[82],"detail.":[87],"Dislocation":[88],"loops":[89],"ranging":[90],"from":[91],"<":[92],"10":[93],"nm":[94,98],">":[96],"100":[97],"diameter":[100],"are":[101,217],"observed":[102],"modal":[105],"region":[106,116],"degraded":[109],"lasers.":[110],"The":[111,185,242],"heterostructure":[112],"comprising":[113],"active":[115],"device":[119,183],"interdiffused":[121],"regions":[123],"highest":[126,186],"defect":[127,229],"density,":[128],"and":[129,175],"some":[131],"regions,":[132],"melting":[133],"laser":[136,143,173,240],"observed.":[139],"A":[140],"`fast":[141],"capture'":[142],"degradation":[144],"technique":[146],"has":[147],"been":[148],"developed,":[149],"which":[150,190,213],"allows":[151],"us":[152],"examine":[154],"infant":[156],"stages":[157],"failure.":[160,262],"These":[161],"experiments":[162],"clearly":[163],"demonstrate":[164],"initiates":[169],"exactly":[170],"facet,":[174],"propagates":[176],"back":[177],"with":[181],"continued":[182],"stressing.":[184],"power":[188,204],"level":[189],"can":[191,206],"be":[192,207],"attained":[193,208],"limited":[195],"thermal":[198],"characteristics":[199],"Higher":[203],"levels":[205],"under":[209,221],"pulsed":[210,222],"operation,":[211],"through":[212],"`thermal":[214],"rollover'":[215],"conditions":[216],"avoided.":[218],"failure":[220],"operation":[223],"results":[224],"dramatically":[227],"altered":[228],"distribution":[230],"consisting":[231],"periodic":[233],"arrays":[234],"dislocation":[236],"tangles":[237],"cavity.":[241],"periodicity":[243],"these":[245],"defective":[246],"`packets'":[247],"related":[249],"magnitude":[252],"drive":[255],"pulse":[257],"time":[260]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
