{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2016943104","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1890/0012-9623-93.3.197","title":"History of Ecological Sciences, Part 43: Plant Physiology, 1800s","display_name":"History of Ecological Sciences, Part 43: Plant Physiology, 1800s","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2016943104","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1890/0012-9623-93.3.197","mag":"2016943104"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1890/0012-9623-93.3.197","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1890/0012-9623-93.3.197","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1890/0012-9623-93.3.197","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1890/0012-9623-93.3.197","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210178044","display_name":"Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America","issn_l":"0012-9623","issn":["0012-9623","2327-6096"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315736","host_organization_name":"Ecological Society of America","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315736"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Ecological Society of America"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1890/0012-9623-93.3.197","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112207267","display_name":"Frank N. Egerton","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183437572","display_name":"University of Wisconsin\u2013Parkside","ror":"https://ror.org/05s9f4d27","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183437572"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Frank N. Egerton","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of History, University of Wisconsin-Parkside, Kenosha, Wisconsin 53141, E-mail:frank.egerton@uwp.edu"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of History, University of Wisconsin-Parkside, Kenosha, Wisconsin 53141, E-mail:frank.egerton@uwp.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183437572"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5112207267"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183437572"],"apc_list":{"value":0,"currency":"USD","value_usd":0},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.3593,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93988726,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"93","issue":"3","first_page":"197","last_page":"219"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12471","display_name":"History of Science and Natural History","score":0.8715999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1207","display_name":"History and Philosophy of Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12471","display_name":"History of Science and Natural History","score":0.8715999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1207","display_name":"History and Philosophy of Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14475","display_name":"History of Science and Medicine","score":0.08179999887943268,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1207","display_name":"History and Philosophy of Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11137","display_name":"Historical Philosophy and Science","score":0.014800000004470348,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1207","display_name":"History and Philosophy of Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/history-of-plant-physiology","display_name":"history of plant physiology","score":0.9120000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phytogeography","display_name":"phytogeography","score":0.5550000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plant-ecology","display_name":"plant ecology","score":0.5770000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vitalism","display_name":"vitalism","score":0.9629999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agricultural-chemistry","display_name":"agricultural chemistry","score":0.8980000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antoine-lavoisier","display_name":"Antoine Lavoisier","score":0.9089999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/19th-century-botany","display_name":"19th-century botany","score":0.7009999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plant-growth-experiments","display_name":"plant growth experiments","score":0.5730000138282776}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.5343873500823975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.4530680775642395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42407357","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q521","display_name":"Physiology","level":1,"score":0.40952932834625244}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1890/0012-9623-93.3.197","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1890/0012-9623-93.3.197","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1890/0012-9623-93.3.197","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1890/0012-9623-93.3.197","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210178044","display_name":"Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America","issn_l":"0012-9623","issn":["0012-9623","2327-6096"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315736","host_organization_name":"Ecological Society of America","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315736"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Ecological Society of America"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1890/0012-9623-93.3.197","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1890/0012-9623-93.3.197","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1890/0012-9623-93.3.197","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1890/0012-9623-93.3.197","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210178044","display_name":"Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America","issn_l":"0012-9623","issn":["0012-9623","2327-6096"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315736","host_organization_name":"Ecological Society of America","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315736"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Ecological Society of America"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320290","display_name":"University of Oxford","ror":"https://ror.org/052gg0110"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2016943104.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2016943104.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":85,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W88939657","https://openalex.org/W92932076","https://openalex.org/W225834746","https://openalex.org/W227821305","https://openalex.org/W264419445","https://openalex.org/W288030450","https://openalex.org/W309317802","https://openalex.org/W357234031","https://openalex.org/W424887513","https://openalex.org/W438398913","https://openalex.org/W561388558","https://openalex.org/W579033238","https://openalex.org/W588100226","https://openalex.org/W588578172","https://openalex.org/W600188375","https://openalex.org/W614121513","https://openalex.org/W624558208","https://openalex.org/W633978725","https://openalex.org/W642071562","https://openalex.org/W1018441025","https://openalex.org/W1044573082","https://openalex.org/W1487243836","https://openalex.org/W1503731935","https://openalex.org/W1514576921","https://openalex.org/W1538360580","https://openalex.org/W1541132471","https://openalex.org/W1574643574","https://openalex.org/W1582455692","https://openalex.org/W1963825367","https://openalex.org/W1974323638","https://openalex.org/W1974778670","https://openalex.org/W1994096075","https://openalex.org/W2004440680","https://openalex.org/W2029882052","https://openalex.org/W2031217506","https://openalex.org/W2031450902","https://openalex.org/W2037648875","https://openalex.org/W2043424949","https://openalex.org/W2045822203","https://openalex.org/W2046708446","https://openalex.org/W2058903007","https://openalex.org/W2063736762","https://openalex.org/W2067425645","https://openalex.org/W2072427592","https://openalex.org/W2079836308","https://openalex.org/W2081006245","https://openalex.org/W2081205917","https://openalex.org/W2094733942","https://openalex.org/W2133844234","https://openalex.org/W2138546077","https://openalex.org/W2278289151","https://openalex.org/W2320808056","https://openalex.org/W2326568850","https://openalex.org/W2329756346","https://openalex.org/W2329791783","https://openalex.org/W2331342769","https://openalex.org/W2431748212","https://openalex.org/W2472642085","https://openalex.org/W2478542503","https://openalex.org/W2592661750","https://openalex.org/W2733055556","https://openalex.org/W2766095182","https://openalex.org/W2795503980","https://openalex.org/W2898127852","https://openalex.org/W2915909941","https://openalex.org/W2918053194","https://openalex.org/W3008293615","https://openalex.org/W3131978590","https://openalex.org/W3150186605","https://openalex.org/W4232161447","https://openalex.org/W4232172878","https://openalex.org/W4243999193","https://openalex.org/W4244891132","https://openalex.org/W4246405087","https://openalex.org/W4248070881","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4298311149","https://openalex.org/W4361764537","https://openalex.org/W4361867911","https://openalex.org/W4388331297","https://openalex.org/W4405170003","https://openalex.org/W6627025932","https://openalex.org/W6720686452","https://openalex.org/W6986924126","https://openalex.org/W7082322376"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4315618842","https://openalex.org/W2562287910","https://openalex.org/W4253032843","https://openalex.org/W4298038595","https://openalex.org/W1994317584","https://openalex.org/W2616588226","https://openalex.org/W7168365406","https://openalex.org/W2030842527","https://openalex.org/W614729026","https://openalex.org/W4315618813"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Plant":[0],"geography":[1],"and":[2,25,29,51,59,73,91,144,152,168],"plant":[3,10,45,64,100],"physiology":[4,65],"were":[5,31,139],"two":[6],"foundations":[7],"upon":[8],"which":[9,102],"ecology":[11],"arose":[12],"during":[13,48,66,95],"the":[14,40,49,67,76,83,86,96,158],"later":[15,153],"1800s.Plant":[16],"geographers":[17],"Alexander":[18],"von":[19],"Humboldt,":[20],"Hewett":[21],"Watson,":[22],"Joseph":[23],"Hooker,":[24],"de":[26],"Candolle,":[27],"father":[28],"son,":[30],"discussed":[32],"in":[33,69,104,170],"previous":[34],"parts":[35],"of":[36,85,129,136,160,166],"this":[37],"history.Building":[38],"on":[39,44,52],"outstanding":[41],"experimental":[42],"studies":[43],"growth":[46],"conducted":[47],"1700s,":[50],"Antoine":[53],"Lavoisier's":[54],"chemical":[55],"revolution,":[56],"botanists,":[57],"agronomists,":[58],"chemists":[60],"established":[61],"a":[62,126,150,154],"flourishing":[63],"1800s.Scientists":[68],"Britain,":[70],"France,":[71],"Germany,":[72],"Switzerland":[74],"led":[75],"way.Two":[77],"poorly":[78],"developed":[79],"theories":[80],"accepted":[81],"at":[82,157],"beginning":[84],"1800s,":[87],"humus":[88,131],"as":[89,132],"fertilizer":[90],"vitalism,":[92],"became":[93],"discredited":[94],"1800s.Humus":[97],"was":[98,113,125],"disintegrated":[99],"matter,":[101],"varied":[103],"composition":[105],"from":[106,115],"place":[107],"to":[108,121],"place,":[109],"intermixed":[110],"with":[111],"topsoil.It":[112],"different":[114],"animal":[116],"manure,":[117],"though":[118],"both":[119],"seemed":[120],"have":[122],"similar":[123],"effects.There":[124],"long":[127],"tradition":[128],"using":[130],"fertilizer.Two":[133],"early":[134],"founders":[135],"agricultural":[137],"chemistry":[138],"Scotsman":[140],"Francis":[141],"Home":[142],"(1719-1813)":[143],"Swede":[145],"Johan":[146],"Gottschalk":[147],"Wallerius":[148],"(1709-1785).Home,":[149],"physician":[151],"medical":[155],"professor":[156],"University":[159],"Edinburgh,":[161],"published":[162],"his":[163],"important":[164],"Principles":[165],"Agriculture":[167],"Vegetation":[169],"1757.":[171]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}