{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2016934028","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.457668","title":"The adaptive optics point-spread function at moderate and high Strehl ratios","display_name":"The adaptive optics point-spread function at moderate and high Strehl ratios","publication_year":2003,"publication_date":"2003-02-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2016934028","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.457668","mag":"2016934028"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1117/12.457668","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.457668","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.457668","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S183492911","display_name":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","issn_l":"0277-786X","issn":["0277-786X","1996-756X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315543","host_organization_name":"SPIE","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315543"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SPIE"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SPIE Proceedings","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-paper","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042133979","display_name":"Anand Sivaramakrishnan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1251-4124","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1251-4124"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1297127228","display_name":"Space Telescope Science Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/036f5mx38","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1297127228","https://openalex.org/I1313867356"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anand Sivaramakrishnan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Space Telescope Science Institute (United States)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Space Telescope Science Institute (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1297127228"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Philip E. Hodge","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1297127228","display_name":"Space Telescope Science Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/036f5mx38","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1297127228","https://openalex.org/I1313867356"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Philip E. Hodge","raw_affiliation_strings":["Space Telescope Science Institute (United States)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Space Telescope Science Institute (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1297127228"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000808637","display_name":"Russell B. Makidon","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1297127228","display_name":"Space Telescope Science Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/036f5mx38","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1297127228","https://openalex.org/I1313867356"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Russell B. Makidon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Space Telescope Science Institute (United States)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Space Telescope Science Institute (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1297127228"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044281656","display_name":"Marshall D. Perrin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3191-8151","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3191-8151"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95457486","display_name":"University of California, Berkeley","ror":"https://ror.org/01an7q238","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marshall D. Perrin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Univ. of California/Berkeley (United States)","University of California, Berkeley (United States)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Univ. of California/Berkeley (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Berkeley (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044530291","display_name":"James P. Lloyd","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9434-8860","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9434-8860"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95457486","display_name":"University of California, Berkeley","ror":"https://ror.org/01an7q238","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"James P. Lloyd","raw_affiliation_strings":["Univ. of California/Berkeley (United States)","University of California, Berkeley (United States)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Univ. of California/Berkeley (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Berkeley (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113548724","display_name":"Eric E. Bloemhof","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1334627681","display_name":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/027k65916","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122411786","https://openalex.org/I1334627681","https://openalex.org/I4210124779"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eric E. Bloemhof","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jet Propulsion Lab. (United States)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jet Propulsion Lab. (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1334627681"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064732027","display_name":"Rebecca Oppenheimer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7130-7681","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7130-7681"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1338124936","display_name":"American Museum of Natural History","ror":"https://ror.org/03thb3e06","country_code":"US","type":"archive","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1338124936"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ben R. Oppenheimer","raw_affiliation_strings":["American Museum of Natural History, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"American Museum of Natural History, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1338124936"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":8.9604,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97824107,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"4860","issue":null,"first_page":"161","last_page":"161"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11484","display_name":"Adaptive optics and wavefront sensing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11484","display_name":"Adaptive optics and wavefront sensing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12917","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysical Research","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3105","display_name":"Instrumentation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11517","display_name":"Advanced optical system design","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adaptive-optics","display_name":"adaptive optics","score":0.9890000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/point-spread-function","display_name":"point spread function","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/strehl-ratio","display_name":"Strehl ratio","score":0.9779999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-disturbance","display_name":"phase disturbance","score":0.41499999165534973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fourier-series","display_name":"Fourier series","score":0.6710000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speckle","display_name":"speckle","score":0.7080000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extended-halo","display_name":"extended halo","score":0.7739999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dynamic-range","display_name":"dynamic range","score":0.9440000057220459}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90416638","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1459394","display_name":"Strehl ratio","level":3,"score":0.9420865774154663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.7364029884338379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.7289482951164246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69179731","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q510427","display_name":"Point spread function","level":2,"score":0.6463300585746765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51427946","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q618827","display_name":"Apodization","level":2,"score":0.6186515092849731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132771110","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q506922","display_name":"Adaptive optics","level":2,"score":0.5824553370475769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780848835","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4213","display_name":"Telescope","level":2,"score":0.5208666324615479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78336883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4779385","display_name":"Aperture (computer memory)","level":2,"score":0.48454180359840393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102290492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7575045","display_name":"Speckle pattern","level":2,"score":0.45862311124801636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33995572","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17105392","display_name":"Pupil function","level":3,"score":0.41208139061927795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207114421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133900","display_name":"Diffraction","level":2,"score":0.26689934730529785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1117/12.457668","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.457668","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.457668","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S183492911","display_name":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","issn_l":"0277-786X","issn":["0277-786X","1996-756X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315543","host_organization_name":"SPIE","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315543"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SPIE"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SPIE Proceedings","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309018","display_name":"University of California, Santa Cruz","ror":"https://ror.org/03s65by71"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320314503","display_name":"Space Telescope Science Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/036f5mx38"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320177","display_name":"US-UK Fulbright Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/037nbwt68"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332359","display_name":"Office of Science","ror":"https://ror.org/00mmn6b08"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2102431331","https://openalex.org/W2082445323","https://openalex.org/W2049350181","https://openalex.org/W7097346903","https://openalex.org/W2063030329","https://openalex.org/W7223010230","https://openalex.org/W3013139083","https://openalex.org/W1998194029","https://openalex.org/W1991708829","https://openalex.org/W2050768420"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,26,48],"describe":[1],"the":[2,6,28,33,37,60,73,81,84,103,115,119,127,130,143,150,157,161,164,176,183,187,191,195,216],"symmetries":[3,82],"present":[4],"in":[5,30,100,190],"monochromatic":[7],"point-spread":[8],"function":[9],"(PSF)":[10],"corrected":[11,121],"by":[12,114,149,202],"an":[13,41,67],"adaptive":[14],"optics":[15],"(AO)":[16],"system":[17],"to":[18,59,156,214],"Strehl":[19],"ratios":[20],"of":[21,32,36,66,72,83,118,129,163,194,219],"about":[22,80],"60%":[23],"or":[24],"greater.":[25],"expand":[27],"PSF":[29,75],"powers":[31],"Fourier":[34],"transform":[35],"phase":[38],"disturbance":[39],"over":[40],"arbitrarily":[42],"shaped":[43],"and":[44,145,179,205,210],"apodized":[45],"entrance":[46],"aperture.":[47],"show":[49],"that":[50],"for":[51,182],"traditional":[52],"unapodized":[53],"aperture":[54],"geometries,":[55],"bright":[56,61,94],"speckles":[57],"pinned":[58],"Airy":[62,152],"rings":[63],"are":[64,133],"part":[65],"antisymmetric":[68],"first":[69,87],"order":[70,88],"perturbation":[71],"perfect":[74,104,151],"(we":[76],"make":[77],"no":[78,98,108],"assumptions":[79],"aperture).":[85],"This":[86],"term":[89,170],"redistributes":[90],"power":[91,99],"within":[92],"each":[93],"ring,":[95],"but":[96],"contributes":[97],"regions":[101],"where":[102],"image":[105,177],"would":[106],"have":[107],"light":[109],"because":[110],"it":[111],"is":[112,140,146,171,180],"modulated":[113,148],"square":[116],"root":[117],"perfectly":[120],"PSF.":[122,165],"It":[123],"also":[124,147],"vanishes":[125],"at":[126,142,160,175],"center":[128,162],"image.":[131,196],"There":[132],"two":[134],"symmetric":[135],"second":[136,168],"degree":[137,169],"terms,":[138],"one":[139],"negative":[141],"center,":[144,178],"field":[153],"strength--it":[154],"reduces":[155],"Marechal":[158],"approximation":[159],"The":[166],"other":[167],"non-negative":[172],"everywhere,":[173],"zero":[174],"responsible":[181],"extended":[184],"halo--it":[185],"limits":[186],"dynamic":[188,217],"range":[189,218],"dark":[192],"portions":[193],"These":[197],"features":[198],"can":[199],"be":[200],"exploited":[201],"appropriate":[203],"telescope":[204],"instrument":[206],"design,":[207],"observing":[208],"strategies,":[209],"data":[211],"reduction":[212],"methods":[213],"improve":[215],"AO":[220],"observations.":[221]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}