{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2016743528","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aic.10481","title":"Local liquid holdups and hysteresis in a 2\u2010D packed bed using X\u2010ray radiography","display_name":"Local liquid holdups and hysteresis in a 2\u2010D packed bed using X\u2010ray radiography","publication_year":2005,"publication_date":"2005-05-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2016743528","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aic.10481","mag":"2016743528"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/aic.10481","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aic.10481","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aic.10481","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S147177414","display_name":"AIChE Journal","issn_l":"0001-1541","issn":["0001-1541","1547-5905"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"AIChE Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085655371","display_name":"Madivala G. Basavaraj","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8275-5671","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8275-5671"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59270414","display_name":"Indian Institute of Science Bangalore","ror":"https://ror.org/04dese585","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59270414"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99464096","display_name":"KU Leuven","ror":"https://ror.org/05f950310","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}],"countries":["BE","IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. G. Basavaraj","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept. of Metallurgy, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560 012, India","M. G. Basavaraj, a graduate student at the Dept. of Metallurgy, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India, is currently at the Dept. of Chemical Engineering, K.U. Leuven, Leuven B-3001, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Metallurgy, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560 012, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59270414"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"M. G. Basavaraj, a graduate student at the Dept. of Metallurgy, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India, is currently at the Dept. of Chemical Engineering, K.U. Leuven, Leuven B-3001, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59270414","https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016570087","display_name":"Govind Sharan Gupta","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9835-7339","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9835-7339"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59270414","display_name":"Indian Institute of Science Bangalore","ror":"https://ror.org/04dese585","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59270414"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"G. S. Gupta","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept. of Metallurgy, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560 012, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Metallurgy, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560 012, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59270414"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110027215","display_name":"K. Naveen","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59270414","display_name":"Indian Institute of Science Bangalore","ror":"https://ror.org/04dese585","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59270414"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K. Naveen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept. of Metallurgy, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560 012, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Metallurgy, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560 012, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59270414"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010104438","display_name":"Victor Rudolph","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5819-9302","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5819-9302"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165143802","display_name":"The University of Queensland","ror":"https://ror.org/00rqy9422","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165143802"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"V. Rudolph","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165143802"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"R. Bali","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I11880225","display_name":"National Institute of Technology Karnataka","ror":"https://ror.org/01hz4v948","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11880225"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59270414","display_name":"Indian Institute of Science Bangalore","ror":"https://ror.org/04dese585","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59270414"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. Bali","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept. of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal 575 025, India","R. Bali was a summer student at the Dept. of Metallurgy, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal 575 025, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11880225"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"R. Bali was a summer student at the Dept. of Metallurgy, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59270414"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5016570087"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59270414"],"apc_list":{"value":4940,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4940},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.9608,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":34,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89120901,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"51","issue":"8","first_page":"2178","last_page":"2189"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12063","display_name":"Heat and Mass Transfer in Porous Media","score":0.9545999765396118,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12063","display_name":"Heat and Mass Transfer in Porous Media","score":0.9545999765396118,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10615","display_name":"Granular flow and fluidized beds","score":0.013000000268220901,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10864","display_name":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","score":0.012299999594688416,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1507","display_name":"Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/15","display_name":"Chemical Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiography","display_name":"radiography","score":0.9039999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/expanded-polystyrene-beads","display_name":"expanded polystyrene beads","score":0.9390000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/calibration-methods","display_name":"calibration methodology","score":0.5669999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drainage-methods","display_name":"drainage methods","score":0.45500001311302185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tracer-response","display_name":"tracer response","score":0.9490000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/preferential-flow-pathways","display_name":"preferential flow paths","score":0.7490000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cold-model","display_name":"cold model","score":0.5849999785423279}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172331833","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q751029","display_name":"Packed bed","level":2,"score":0.6689453125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123299182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190837","display_name":"Hysteresis","level":2,"score":0.6509562730789185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172120300","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1134348","display_name":"Volumetric flow rate","level":2,"score":0.5542362928390503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778863792","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16909918","display_name":"TRACER","level":2,"score":0.5108954310417175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57879066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41217","display_name":"Mechanics","level":1,"score":0.4994058609008789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38349280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1434290","display_name":"Flow (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.49698880314826965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779328170","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34777","display_name":"X-ray","level":2,"score":0.469249963760376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.46490418910980225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43617362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050","display_name":"Chromatography","level":1,"score":0.4356740713119507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165838908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q736777","display_name":"Calibration","level":2,"score":0.4346843957901001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.4250294864177704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113196181","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485223","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry (journal)","level":2,"score":0.3853392004966736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.17373254895210266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.16557320952415466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185544564","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81197","display_name":"Nuclear physics","level":1,"score":0.08303558826446533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/aic.10481","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aic.10481","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aic.10481","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S147177414","display_name":"AIChE Journal","issn_l":"0001-1541","issn":["0001-1541","1547-5905"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"AIChE Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.iisc.ac.in:3530","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://eprints.iisc.ac.in/3530/1/page14.pdf","pdf_url":"http://eprints.iisc.ac.in/3530/1/page14.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196309","display_name":"NOT FOUND REPOSITORY (Indian Institute of Science Bangalore)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I59270414","host_organization_name":"Indian Institute of Science Bangalore","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59270414"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323128","display_name":"Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research","ror":"https://ror.org/0538gdx71"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320325323","display_name":"Ministry of Steel, Government of India","ror":"https://ror.org/00gm8tg57"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W281052592","https://openalex.org/W362003300","https://openalex.org/W1525611131","https://openalex.org/W1952084606","https://openalex.org/W1972037630","https://openalex.org/W1974085346","https://openalex.org/W1980297001","https://openalex.org/W1981789580","https://openalex.org/W1982713968","https://openalex.org/W1983344207","https://openalex.org/W1994500505","https://openalex.org/W1998214100","https://openalex.org/W2001018303","https://openalex.org/W2036891484","https://openalex.org/W2038380338","https://openalex.org/W2040690513","https://openalex.org/W2041605602","https://openalex.org/W2045614219","https://openalex.org/W2048789843","https://openalex.org/W2049204369","https://openalex.org/W2054915527","https://openalex.org/W2056276144","https://openalex.org/W2066633709","https://openalex.org/W2067824986","https://openalex.org/W2072372575","https://openalex.org/W2074224528","https://openalex.org/W2090418277","https://openalex.org/W2091689820","https://openalex.org/W2110271159","https://openalex.org/W2114123293","https://openalex.org/W2123338486","https://openalex.org/W2128076640","https://openalex.org/W2138155539","https://openalex.org/W2152170215","https://openalex.org/W2154428232","https://openalex.org/W2321416310","https://openalex.org/W2476918946"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W196650693","https://openalex.org/W898686317","https://openalex.org/W2077789021","https://openalex.org/W2034684115","https://openalex.org/W1155350164","https://openalex.org/W7096267312","https://openalex.org/W4380758705","https://openalex.org/W2110271159","https://openalex.org/W6992648886","https://openalex.org/W2460157416"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"An":[1,54],"X\u2010ray":[2,31,69,110,124],"visualization":[3],"technique":[4,80],"has":[5,33,81,112,128],"been":[6,34,82,113,129],"used":[7,35,60,87,130],"for":[8,88],"the":[9,38,73,91,135,160,167,176,187,196],"quantitative":[10],"determination":[11],"of":[12,50,90,104,154,195,203,217],"local":[13,39,74],"liquid":[14,18,75,106,136,144,161,178],"holdups":[15,40],"distribution":[16],"and":[17,98,120,133,157,175],"holdup":[19,179,188],"hysteresis":[20,137,189],"in":[21,41,139,146,182,192],"a":[22,42,47,62,77,140,209],"nonwetting":[23],"two\u2010dimensional":[24],"(2\u2010D)":[25],"packed":[26,141,197],"bed.":[27,142],"A":[28],"medical":[29],"diagnostic":[30],"unit":[32],"to":[36,64,131,186],"image":[37],"2\u2010D":[43],"cold":[44],"model":[45],"having":[46],"random":[48],"packing":[49],"expanded":[51],"polystyrene":[52],"beads.":[53],"aqueous":[55],"barium":[56],"chloride":[57],"solution":[58],"was":[59],"as":[61,95,159],"fluid":[63],"achieve":[65],"good":[66],"contrast":[67],"on":[68],"images.":[70],"To":[71],"quantify":[72,134],"holdup,":[76,107],"simple":[78],"calibration":[79],"developed":[83],"that":[84,151,180],"can":[85],"be":[86,200],"most":[89],"radiological":[92],"methods":[93],"such":[94],"gamma":[96],"ray":[97],"neutron":[99],"radiography.":[100],"The":[101,123,143],"global":[102],"value":[103],"total":[105],"obtained":[108],"by":[109],"method,":[111],"compared":[114],"with":[115],"two":[116],"conventional":[117],"methods:":[118],"drainage":[119],"tracer":[121],"response.":[122],"technique,":[125],"after":[126],"validation,":[127],"visualize":[132],"phenomena":[138],"flows":[145],"preferred":[147],"paths":[148,172],"or":[149],"channels":[150],"carry":[152],"droplets/rivulets":[153],"increasing":[155],"size":[156],"number":[158],"flow":[162,168,211],"rate":[163],"is":[164,169],"increased.":[165],"When":[166],"reduced,":[170],"these":[171,183],"are":[173],"retained":[174],"higher":[177,205],"persists":[181],"regions":[184,194],"leads":[185],"effect.":[190],"Holdup":[191],"some":[193],"bed":[198],"may":[199],"an":[201],"order":[202],"magnitude":[204],"than":[206],"average":[207],"at":[208],"particular":[210],"rate.":[212],"\u00a9":[213],"2005":[214,222],"American":[215],"Institute":[216],"Chemical":[218],"Engineers":[219],"AIChE":[220],"J,":[221]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-09-29T14:09:16.559479","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
