{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2016558540","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2118/99-09-01","title":"Bitumen Recovery From Oil-sand Extraction Tailings: I. Bench-scale Tests","display_name":"Bitumen Recovery From Oil-sand Extraction Tailings: I. Bench-scale Tests","publication_year":1999,"publication_date":"1999-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2016558540","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2118/99-09-01","mag":"2016558540"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2118/99-09-01","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2118/99-09-01","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2118/99-09-01","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S32777426","display_name":"Journal of Canadian Petroleum Technology","issn_l":"0021-9487","issn":["0021-9487","2156-4663"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["jufo-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4322614974","host_organization_name":"Society of Petroleum Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4322614974"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Society of Petroleum Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Canadian Petroleum Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"V.H. Cheng","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"V.H. Cheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Western Research Centre, Canmet"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Western Research Centre, Canmet","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054395525","display_name":"Magdy W. Mikhail","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M.W. Mikhail","raw_affiliation_strings":["Western Research Centre, Canmet"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Western Research Centre, Canmet","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111822873","display_name":"\u0391.I.A. Salama","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A.I.A. Salama","raw_affiliation_strings":["Western Research Centre, Canmet"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Western Research Centre, Canmet","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011240067","display_name":"Brendan Burns","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"B. Burns","raw_affiliation_strings":["Suncor Inc"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Suncor Inc","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4566,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.58,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"38","issue":"09","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11401","display_name":"Minerals Flotation and Separation Techniques","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1506","display_name":"Filtration and Separation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/15","display_name":"Chemical Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11401","display_name":"Minerals Flotation and Separation Techniques","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1506","display_name":"Filtration and Separation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/15","display_name":"Chemical Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12282","display_name":"Mineral Processing and Grinding","score":0.000699999975040555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12865","display_name":"Tailings Management and Properties","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bitumen-recovery","display_name":"bitumen recovery","score":0.9520000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oil-sands-tailings","display_name":"oil sands tailings","score":0.8349999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/froth-flotation","display_name":"froth flotation","score":0.6740000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flotation-kinetics","display_name":"flotation kinetics","score":0.5820000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/column-flotation","display_name":"column flotation","score":0.8650000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/impeller-speed","display_name":"impeller speed","score":0.765999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/airflow-rate","display_name":"air flow rate","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bubble-dispersion","display_name":"bubble dispersion","score":0.7310000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/athabasca-oil-sands","display_name":"Athabasca oil sands","score":0.8349999785423279}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5166401","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1784525","display_name":"Tailings","level":2,"score":0.9355560541152954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131779963","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q297322","display_name":"Oil sands","level":3,"score":0.8794137239456177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168056786","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202251","display_name":"Asphalt","level":2,"score":0.8689022064208984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154366045","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q898459","display_name":"Froth flotation","level":2,"score":0.6197976469993591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86922832","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q381105","display_name":"Aeration","level":2,"score":0.5500230193138123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4725764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844704","display_name":"Extraction (chemistry)","level":2,"score":0.516630232334137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185004128","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3011536","display_name":"Separator (oil production)","level":2,"score":0.495583176612854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548081761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180388","display_name":"Waste management","level":1,"score":0.4180399477481842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.38961684703826904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.2146068811416626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.1745539903640747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.16695904731750488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191897082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467","display_name":"Metallurgy","level":1,"score":0.13743120431900024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43617362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050","display_name":"Chromatography","level":1,"score":0.13583478331565857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2118/99-09-01","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2118/99-09-01","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2118/99-09-01","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S32777426","display_name":"Journal of Canadian Petroleum Technology","issn_l":"0021-9487","issn":["0021-9487","2156-4663"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["jufo-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4322614974","host_organization_name":"Society of Petroleum Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4322614974"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Society of Petroleum Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Canadian Petroleum Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Responsible consumption and production","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/12","score":1.0}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320312262","display_name":"Suncor Energy Incorporated","ror":"https://ror.org/02q291e51"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2049654547","https://openalex.org/W4256164357","https://openalex.org/W4255344153","https://openalex.org/W2030120039","https://openalex.org/W4255476000","https://openalex.org/W2796970406","https://openalex.org/W4205867708","https://openalex.org/W3082749805","https://openalex.org/W7017220631","https://openalex.org/W4308447302"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Conventional":[1],"froth":[2,122,279,316,468],"flotation,":[3,280],"flotation":[4,37,58,97,106,125,135,158,172,191,281,291,300,332,346,374,377,413],"columns,":[5,282],"air-sparged":[6,283,381,447],"hydrocyclones,":[7,284],"and":[8,31,73,121,133,153,159,164,181,285,315,327,333,338,355,379,441,475],"combinations":[9,286],"of":[10,55,99,146,162,251,266,287,293,320,336,415,436,477,484],"these":[11,260,288],"were":[12,101,137,270,295,340],"used":[13,138],"to":[14,87,139,221,232,235,247,258,371,383,407,423,453,471],"recover":[15,88,236,384],"residual":[16],"bitumen":[17,32,89,94,100,119,157,165,184,202,209,223,262,294,313,331,339,358,385,394,417,455,485],"from":[18,90,203,208,219,238,386],"extraction":[19,210],"plant":[20,217,268,388],"tailings":[21,91,240,252,269,389],"in":[22,34,39,103,169,179,195,343,353,428,433,457,463,481,487],"bench-scale":[23],"tests.":[24],"Intensifying":[25],"the":[26,53,112,141,160,183,213,239,244,249,254,273,306,334,357,364,429,434,458,464,473,478,488],"interaction":[27],"between":[28,114,308],"air":[29,438],"bubbles":[30,163,337],"droplets":[33],"mechanically":[35,56],"agitated":[36,57],"cells":[38,59],"conjunction":[40],"with":[41,60,92],"a":[42,61,104,170,196,298,344,373,376],"quiescent":[43],"separation":[44,75],"process":[45,82,192],"produced":[46],"promising":[47],"results.":[48],"A":[49],"flowsheet":[50],"that":[51,80,403,450],"combines":[52],"use":[54,372],"stationary":[62,74],"separator":[63],"was":[64,166,369],"developed,":[65],"which":[66,108,302,431,469],"can":[67,420],"be":[68,421],"described":[69],"as":[70],"intensifying":[71],"aeration":[72,154,328,456],"processes.":[76],"The":[77,96,144,174,188,290,318,348,399,443],"results":[78,175,349,410,444],"showed":[79],"this":[81],"is":[83,193,227,405],"an":[84,367,380,446],"effective":[85,437],"approach":[86],"low":[93],"content.":[95],"kinetics":[98,292],"investigated":[102,296],"batch":[105,299],"cell,":[107,301,375],"provided":[109,303],"information":[110,304],"on":[111,156,253,305,330],"relationship":[113,307],"retention":[115,309],"(or":[116,310],"flotation)":[117,311],"time,":[118,246,312],"recovery,":[120,314],"quality.":[123,317],"Three":[124],"models":[126],"(i.e.,":[127,149,323],"simple":[128],"first-order":[129],"model,":[130,132],"Klimpel":[131],"fast/slow":[134],"model)":[136],"fit":[140],"kinetic":[142],"data.":[143],"effect":[145],"operating":[147,321],"parameters":[148,322],"impeller":[150,324],"rotation":[151,325],"speed":[152,326],"rate)":[155,329],"dispersion":[161,335],"also":[167,341],"examined":[168,342],"lab-scale":[171,345],"cell.":[173,347],"generated":[176,350,466],"are":[177,351],"helpful":[178,352],"interpreting":[180,354],"optimizing":[182,356],"recovery":[185,359],"process.":[186,360],"Introduction":[187],"hot":[189],"water":[190],"applied":[194],"large-scale":[197],"commercial":[198],"operation":[199],"for":[200],"extracting":[201],"Athabasca":[204],"oil":[205,215,237],"sands.":[206],"Tailings":[207],"operations":[211],"at":[212,243,272,395],"Suncor":[214,267,387],"sands":[216],"contain":[218],"0.2":[220],"0.4%":[222],"by":[224,392],"mass.":[225],"There":[226],"therefore":[228],"considerable":[229],"economic":[230],"incentive":[231],"develop":[233],"processes":[234],"streams":[241],"and,":[242],"same":[245],"reduce":[248],"impact":[250],"environment.":[255],"In":[256,363],"order":[257],"utilize":[259],"low-grade":[261],"resources,":[263],"benchscale":[264],"tests":[265,401],"conducted":[271],"Western":[274],"Research":[275],"Centre":[276],"using":[277,297,411,445],"conventional":[278],"units.":[289],"effects":[319],"Flowsheet":[361],"Development":[362],"preliminary":[365,400],"tests,":[366],"attempt":[368],"made":[370],"column,":[378],"hydrocyclone":[382,448],"containing":[390],"0.09%":[391],"mass":[393],"60":[396],"\u00b0":[397],"C.":[398],"indicated":[402,449],"it":[404,451],"difficult":[406],"achieve":[408],"acceptable":[409],"column":[412,430],"because":[414],"poor":[416],"aeration.":[418],"This":[419],"attributed":[422],"limited":[424],"turbulence":[425],"and/or":[426],"attrition":[427,462],"resulted":[432],"lack":[435],"bubblelbitumen":[439],"collision":[440],"attachment.":[442],"tends":[452],"intensify":[454],"centrifugal":[459],"field.":[460],"However,":[461],"cyclone":[465,489],"good-quality":[467],"reported":[470],"both":[472],"overflow":[474],"underflow":[476,490],"cyclone,":[479],"resulting":[480],"significant":[482],"amounts":[483],"lost":[486],"stream.":[491]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-09-29T14:09:16.559479","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}