{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2016557481","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1196/annals.1314.025","title":"The Neurobiology of Trust","display_name":"The Neurobiology of Trust","publication_year":2004,"publication_date":"2004-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2016557481","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1196/annals.1314.025","mag":"2016557481","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15677415"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1196/annals.1314.025","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1196/annals.1314.025","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1196/annals.1314.025","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S8802318","display_name":"Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences","issn_l":"0077-8923","issn":["0077-8923","1749-6632"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028641366","display_name":"Paul J. Zak","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4563-8406","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4563-8406"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136722135","display_name":"Claremont Graduate University","ror":"https://ror.org/0157pnt69","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136722135"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I26347476","display_name":"Loma Linda University","ror":"https://ror.org/04bj28v14","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I26347476"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210130270","display_name":"Gruter Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/0425mk239","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210130270"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"PAUL J. ZAK","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Neuroeconomics Studies, Claremont Graduate University, Claremont, CA 91711-6165, USA. paul.zak@cgu.edu","Center for Neuroeconomics Studies, Claremont Graduate University, Claremont, California 91711-6167, USA","Department of Neurology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, USA","Gruter Institute for Law and Behavioral Research, Portola Valley, California, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Neuroeconomics Studies, Claremont Graduate University, Claremont, CA 91711-6165, USA. paul.zak@cgu.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136722135"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Neuroeconomics Studies, Claremont Graduate University, Claremont, California 91711-6167, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136722135"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26347476"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Gruter Institute for Law and Behavioral Research, Portola Valley, California, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210130270"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089042849","display_name":"Robert Kurzban","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7695-1513","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7695-1513"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","display_name":"University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"ROBERT KURZBAN","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070192083","display_name":"WILLIAM T. MATZNER","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136722135","display_name":"Claremont Graduate University","ror":"https://ror.org/0157pnt69","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136722135"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"WILLIAM T. MATZNER","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Neuroeconomics Studies, Claremont Graduate University, Claremont, California 91711-6167, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Neuroeconomics Studies, Claremont Graduate University, Claremont, California 91711-6167, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136722135"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5028641366"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136722135","https://openalex.org/I26347476","https://openalex.org/I4210130270"],"apc_list":{"value":5080,"currency":"USD","value_usd":5080},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":15.268,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":281,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9909957,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"1032","issue":"1","first_page":"224","last_page":"227"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11541","display_name":"Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11541","display_name":"Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10646","display_name":"Experimental Behavioral Economics Studies","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11118","display_name":"Evolutionary Psychology and Human Behavior","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oxytocin","display_name":"oxytocin","score":0.9900000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trust","display_name":"trust","score":0.9430000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cooperation","display_name":"cooperation","score":0.7279999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-dilemmas","display_name":"social dilemmas","score":0.75},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-behavior","display_name":"social behavior","score":0.515999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/monetary-exchange","display_name":"monetary exchange","score":0.5210000276565552}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777716012","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5318389","display_name":"Dyad","level":2,"score":0.8565875291824341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776176026","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q169960","display_name":"Oxytocin","level":2,"score":0.8402432203292847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778979077","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q330190","display_name":"Receipt","level":2,"score":0.73773592710495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153701036","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q659974","display_name":"Trustworthiness","level":2,"score":0.6730452179908752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.5665373206138611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778496695","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q254128","display_name":"Dilemma","level":2,"score":0.5569665431976318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.40635576844215393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.2871536612510681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.1682368516921997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121955636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4116214","display_name":"Accounting","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D003657","descriptor_name":"Decision Making","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007398","descriptor_name":"Interpersonal Relations","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010121","descriptor_name":"Oxytocin","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010121","descriptor_name":"Oxytocin","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1196/annals.1314.025","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1196/annals.1314.025","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1196/annals.1314.025","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S8802318","display_name":"Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences","issn_l":"0077-8923","issn":["0077-8923","1749-6632"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:15677415","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15677415","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences","raw_type":"Clinical Trial"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.514.7285","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.514.7285","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://carlo-hamalainen.net/stuff/neuroeconomics-of-trust-0507004.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.519.5171","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.519.5171","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www-rohan.sdsu.edu/~frantz/docs/Zak.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17","score":0.44999998807907104,"display_name":"Partnerships for the goals"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W164996279","https://openalex.org/W1516542054","https://openalex.org/W1541228389","https://openalex.org/W1977768222","https://openalex.org/W1998107589","https://openalex.org/W2015305921","https://openalex.org/W2017323063","https://openalex.org/W2029315800","https://openalex.org/W2045633722","https://openalex.org/W2069519651","https://openalex.org/W2082859469","https://openalex.org/W2130114735","https://openalex.org/W2165266294","https://openalex.org/W4211089860","https://openalex.org/W4388366923"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1736408163","https://openalex.org/W2091662798","https://openalex.org/W7096639833","https://openalex.org/W1593133826","https://openalex.org/W7021279706","https://openalex.org/W2022272404","https://openalex.org/W2138559331","https://openalex.org/W1586319728","https://openalex.org/W7100924498","https://openalex.org/W2121580366"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"is":[1,10,16,70,81],"the":[2,58,63,66,100,117,128],"first":[3],"report":[4],"that":[5,74,91,122,131],"endogenous":[6],"oxytocin":[7,89,123],"in":[8,30,62,92],"humans":[9],"related":[11,108],"to":[12,42,56,109],"social":[13,28],"behaviors,":[14],"which":[15,31],"consistent":[17],"with":[18,83],"a":[19,27,43,53,77,84,95,113],"large":[20],"animal":[21],"literature.":[22],"Subjects":[23],"are":[24],"put":[25],"into":[26],"dilemma":[29,46],"absent":[32],"communication,":[33],"cooperative":[34],"behavior":[35,111],"can":[36],"benefit":[37],"both":[38],"parties":[39],"randomly":[40],"assigned":[41],"dyad.":[44],"The":[45],"arises":[47],"because":[48],"one":[49],"participant":[50],"must":[51],"make":[52],"monetary":[54,97,118],"sacrifice":[55],"signal":[57,78],"degree":[59],"of":[60,76,79,87,99,116,127],"trust":[61,80],"other":[64],"before":[65],"other's":[67],"behavioral":[68],"response":[69],"known.":[71],"We":[72,120],"show":[73],"receipt":[75],"associated":[82],"higher":[85],"level":[86],"peripheral":[88],"than":[90],"subjects":[93],"receiving":[94],"random":[96],"transfer":[98],"same":[101],"average":[102],"amount.":[103],"Oxytocin":[104],"levels":[105],"were":[106],"also":[107],"trustworthy":[110],"(sharing":[112],"greater":[114],"proportion":[115],"gains).":[119],"conclude":[121],"may":[124],"be":[125],"part":[126],"human":[129],"physiology":[130],"motivates":[132],"cooperation.":[133]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":20}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
