{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2016529417","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1375/bech.21.2.115.55423","title":"Cyber-Flirting: An Examination of Men's and Women's Flirting Behaviour Both Offline and on the Internet","display_name":"Cyber-Flirting: An Examination of Men's and Women's Flirting Behaviour Both Offline and on the Internet","publication_year":2004,"publication_date":"2004-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2016529417","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1375/bech.21.2.115.55423","mag":"2016529417"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1375/bech.21.2.115.55423","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1375/bech.21.2.115.55423","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1375/bech.21.2.115.55423","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S72584517","display_name":"Behaviour Change","issn_l":"0813-4839","issn":["0813-4839","2049-7768"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-3","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Behaviour Change","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Cyber-flirting_An_examination_of_men_s_and_women_s_flirting_behaviour_both_offline_and_on_the_Internet/10105034","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054441117","display_name":"Monica Therese Whitty","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8143-289X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8143-289X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126231945","display_name":"Queen's University Belfast","ror":"https://ror.org/00hswnk62","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126231945"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Monica T. Whitty","raw_affiliation_strings":["Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom","School of Psychology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126231945"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Psychology","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5054441117"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126231945"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.2193,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":71,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94242458,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"2","first_page":"115","last_page":"126"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11118","display_name":"Evolutionary Psychology and Human Behavior","score":0.9038000106811523,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11118","display_name":"Evolutionary Psychology and Human Behavior","score":0.9038000106811523,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13155","display_name":"Digital Communication and Language","score":0.03099999949336052,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10677","display_name":"Attachment and Relationship Dynamics","score":0.02810000069439411,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flirting","display_name":"flirting","score":0.7260000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chat-rooms","display_name":"chat rooms","score":0.8600000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gender-differences","display_name":"gender differences","score":0.6899999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonverbal-cues","display_name":"nonverbal cues","score":0.7699999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-attractiveness","display_name":"physical attractiveness","score":0.9390000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/body-language","display_name":"body language","score":0.5730000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face-to-face-interaction","display_name":"face-to-face interaction","score":0.7580000162124634}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778467200","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208704","display_name":"Flirting","level":2,"score":0.997903048992157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776086947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q758234","display_name":"Physical attractiveness","level":3,"score":0.5952754616737366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.5542600750923157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780102126","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10928179","display_name":"Online and offline","level":2,"score":0.5472530722618103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.4872997999191284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.44731128215789795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31173074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2632514","display_name":"Attractiveness","level":2,"score":0.4331994354724884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112698675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37038","display_name":"Advertising","level":1,"score":0.4086166322231293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.164747953414917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.16428327560424805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.12990623712539673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.11066076159477234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.07799088954925537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11171543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41630","display_name":"Psychoanalysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1375/bech.21.2.115.55423","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1375/bech.21.2.115.55423","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1375/bech.21.2.115.55423","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S72584517","display_name":"Behaviour Change","issn_l":"0813-4839","issn":["0813-4839","2049-7768"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-3","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Behaviour Change","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:wrap.warwick.ac.uk:83765","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/83765/7/WRAP_Cyberflirting%20Chat%20rooms_Whitty.pdf","pdf_url":"http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/83765/7/WRAP_Cyberflirting%20Chat%20rooms_Whitty.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400665","display_name":"Warwick Research Archive Portal (University of Warwick)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I39555362","host_organization_name":"University of Warwick","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39555362"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:figshare.com:article/10105034","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Cyber-flirting_An_examination_of_men_s_and_women_s_flirting_behaviour_both_offline_and_on_the_Internet/10105034","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196282","display_name":"Figshare","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210132348","host_organization_name":"Figshare (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132348"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:irep.ntu.ac.uk:16107","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://irep.ntu.ac.uk/id/eprint/16107/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400559","display_name":"Nottingham Trent University's Institutional Repository (Nottingham Trent Repository)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I52590639","host_organization_name":"Nottingham Trent University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52590639"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:lra.le.ac.uk:2381/10040","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.atypon-link.com/AAP/doi/abs/10.1375/bech.21.2.115.55423","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402365","display_name":"Leicester Research Archive (University of Leicester)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I153648349","host_organization_name":"University of Leicester","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153648349"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.qub.ac.uk/portal:publications/e107c536-6854-4248-974c-58c42f9dd0f5","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pure.qub.ac.uk/en/publications/e107c536-6854-4248-974c-58c42f9dd0f5","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402319","display_name":"Research Portal (Queen's University Belfast)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I126231945","host_organization_name":"Queen's University Belfast","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126231945"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Whitty, M 2004, 'Cyber-flirting: An examination of men's and women's flirting behaviour both offline and on the Internet.', Behaviour Change, vol. 21 (2), pp. 115-126.","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:figshare.com:article/10105034","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Cyber-flirting_An_examination_of_men_s_and_women_s_flirting_behaviour_both_offline_and_on_the_Internet/10105034","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196282","display_name":"Figshare","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210132348","host_organization_name":"Figshare (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132348"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/5","score":0.6025999784469604,"display_name":"Gender equality"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/5","score":0.6600000262260437,"display_name":"Gender equality"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W83713758","https://openalex.org/W1495038747","https://openalex.org/W1773156807","https://openalex.org/W1970343069","https://openalex.org/W1973984584","https://openalex.org/W1980278207","https://openalex.org/W1983307412","https://openalex.org/W1996533425","https://openalex.org/W2003942881","https://openalex.org/W2010612393","https://openalex.org/W2015476624","https://openalex.org/W2015588498","https://openalex.org/W2019428330","https://openalex.org/W2034350759","https://openalex.org/W2061143199","https://openalex.org/W2069222050","https://openalex.org/W2076585683","https://openalex.org/W2077266105","https://openalex.org/W2094395905","https://openalex.org/W2105394865","https://openalex.org/W2107031757","https://openalex.org/W2132298199","https://openalex.org/W2133498342","https://openalex.org/W2504817557","https://openalex.org/W2559371787","https://openalex.org/W3114766905","https://openalex.org/W4246080589","https://openalex.org/W4250394383","https://openalex.org/W4255165596","https://openalex.org/W4319588665","https://openalex.org/W6676028428"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7100157194","https://openalex.org/W1983307412","https://openalex.org/W2737606420","https://openalex.org/W1568176720","https://openalex.org/W2133498342","https://openalex.org/W88926070","https://openalex.org/W7212393179","https://openalex.org/W2559371787","https://openalex.org/W2948426929","https://openalex.org/W2248688294"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"While":[1],"flirting":[2,66],"is":[3,12,141,145],"a":[4,62,124,149],"relatively":[5],"underresearched":[6],"area":[7],"within":[8,39],"psychology,":[9],"even":[10],"less":[11],"known":[13],"about":[14,64],"how":[15,21,34],"people":[16],"cyber-flirt.":[17],"This":[18],"paper":[19],"explores":[20],"often":[22],"individuals":[23,102],"flirt":[24,38,87],"offline":[25],"compared":[26],"to":[27,32,86,123,137,158],"online.":[28,109],"Moreover,":[29],"it":[30,98],"attempts":[31],"examine":[33],"men":[35,131],"and":[36,47,56,72,153],"women":[37,55,136],"these":[40],"different":[41],"spaces.":[42],"Five":[43],"thousand,":[44],"six":[45],"hundred":[46],"ninety-seven":[48],"individuals,":[49],"of":[50,106,151,162],"which":[51,78],"3554":[52],"(62%)":[53],"were":[54,59,132],"2143":[57],"(38%)":[58],"men,":[60],"completed":[61],"survey":[63],"their":[65],"behaviour":[67],"both":[68],"in":[69,73,165],"face-to-face":[70],"interactions":[71],"chatrooms.":[74],"The":[75],"first":[76],"hypothesis,":[77],"stated":[79],"that":[80,101,143,154],"the":[81,104,160,163],"body":[82,164],"would":[83],"be":[84],"used":[85],"with":[88],"as":[89,92],"frequently":[90],"online":[91,166],"offline,":[93],"was":[94,99],"partly":[95],"supported.":[96],"However,":[97],"found":[100],"downplayed":[103],"importance":[105],"physical":[107],"attractiveness":[108],"Women":[110],"flirted":[111],"by":[112],"displaying":[113],"nonverbal":[114,120],"signals":[115],"(offline)":[116],"or":[117],"substitutes":[118],"for":[119],"cues":[121],"(online),":[122],"greater":[125],"extent":[126],"than":[127,135,147],"men.":[128],"In":[129],"chatrooms":[130],"more":[133,146],"likely":[134],"initiate":[138],"contact.":[139],"It":[140],"concluded":[142],"cyber-flirting":[144],"simply":[148],"meeting":[150],"minds":[152],"future":[155],"research":[156],"needs":[157],"consider":[159],"role":[161],"interactions.":[167]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}