{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2016522229","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/55.998869","title":"Self-aligned SiGe NPN transistors with 285 GHz f/sub MAX/ and 207 GHz f/sub T/ in a manufacturable technology","display_name":"Self-aligned SiGe NPN transistors with 285 GHz f/sub MAX/ and 207 GHz f/sub T/ in a manufacturable technology","publication_year":2002,"publication_date":"2002-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2016522229","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/55.998869","mag":"2016522229"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/55.998869","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/55.998869","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/55.998869","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S19887683","display_name":"IEEE Electron Device Letters","issn_l":"0741-3106","issn":["0741-3106","1558-0563"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-2","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Electron Device Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113602080","display_name":"B. Jagannathan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1341412227","display_name":"IBM (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05hh8d621","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"B. Jagannathan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Development Center, Hopewell, NY, USA","IBM Microelectron. Semicond. Res. & Dev. Center (SRDC), Hopewell Junction, NY, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Development Center, Hopewell, NY, USA","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Microelectron. Semicond. Res. & Dev. Center (SRDC), Hopewell Junction, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"M. Khater","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Khater","raw_affiliation_strings":["Development Center, Hopewell, NY, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Development Center, Hopewell, NY, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084349328","display_name":"Francois Pagette","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"F. Pagette","raw_affiliation_strings":["Development Center, Hopewell, NY, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Development Center, Hopewell, NY, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000657583","display_name":"Jae-Sung Rieh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0163-1640","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0163-1640"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J.-S. Rieh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Development Center, Hopewell, NY, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Development Center, Hopewell, NY, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021270301","display_name":"David Angell","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D. Angell","raw_affiliation_strings":["Development Center, Hopewell, NY, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Development Center, Hopewell, NY, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088856752","display_name":"H. Chen","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H. Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Development Center, Hopewell, NY, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Development Center, Hopewell, NY, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091520048","display_name":"John Florkey","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. Florkey","raw_affiliation_strings":["Development Center, Hopewell, NY, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Development Center, Hopewell, NY, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020109076","display_name":"F. Golan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"F. Golan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Development Center, Hopewell, NY, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Development Center, Hopewell, NY, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088967988","display_name":"D. Greenberg","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D.R. Greenberg","raw_affiliation_strings":["Development Center, Hopewell, NY, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Development Center, Hopewell, NY, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030543471","display_name":"Robert A. Groves","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. Groves","raw_affiliation_strings":["Development Center, Hopewell, NY, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Development Center, Hopewell, NY, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103423768","display_name":"S.J. Jeng","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S.J. Jeng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Development Center, Hopewell, NY, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Development Center, Hopewell, NY, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102832344","display_name":"Jaclyn E. Johnson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9757-5772","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9757-5772"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1341412227","display_name":"IBM (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05hh8d621","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. Johnson","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM, Essex Junction, VT, USA","IBM, Essex Junction, VT, USA#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM, Essex Junction, VT, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM, Essex Junction, VT, USA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008927864","display_name":"Endalkachew S. Mengistu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"E. Mengistu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Development Center, Hopewell, NY, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Development Center, Hopewell, NY, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064714712","display_name":"Kathryn T. Schonenberg","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K.T. Schonenberg","raw_affiliation_strings":["Development Center, Hopewell, NY, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Development Center, Hopewell, NY, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045622606","display_name":"C.M. Schnabel","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C.M. Schnabel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Development Center, Hopewell, NY, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Development Center, Hopewell, NY, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"P. Smith","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P. Smith","raw_affiliation_strings":["Development Center, Hopewell, NY, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Development Center, Hopewell, NY, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110977691","display_name":"Andy Stricker","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Stricker","raw_affiliation_strings":["Development Center, Hopewell, NY, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Development Center, Hopewell, NY, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112106496","display_name":"D. Ahlgren","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D. Ahlgren","raw_affiliation_strings":["Development Center, Hopewell, NY, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Development Center, Hopewell, NY, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110900991","display_name":"Greg Freeman","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G. Freeman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Development Center, Hopewell, NY, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Development Center, Hopewell, NY, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113283941","display_name":"K. Stein","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4706-5797","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4706-5797"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K. Stein","raw_affiliation_strings":["Development Center, Hopewell, NY, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Development Center, Hopewell, NY, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054038218","display_name":"Seshadri Subbanna","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Subbanna","raw_affiliation_strings":["Development Center, Hopewell, NY, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Development Center, Hopewell, NY, USA","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2645,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2645},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":44.3618,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":271,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99932072,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":"5","first_page":"258","last_page":"260"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10558","display_name":"Advancements in Semiconductor Devices and Circuit Design","score":0.9609000086784363,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10558","display_name":"Advancements in Semiconductor Devices and Circuit Design","score":0.9609000086784363,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10187","display_name":"Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design","score":0.02930000051856041,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10472","display_name":"Semiconductor materials and devices","score":0.004000000189989805,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heterojunction-bipolar-transistors","display_name":"heterojunction bipolar transistors","score":0.9789999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/high-frequency-performance","display_name":"high-frequency performance","score":0.6150000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maximum-frequency-of-oscillation","display_name":"maximum oscillation frequency","score":0.8830000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parasitic-resistance-and-capacitance","display_name":"parasitic resistance and capacitance","score":0.8050000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/breakdown-voltage","display_name":"breakdown voltage","score":0.46399998664855957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sheet-resistance","display_name":"sheet resistance","score":0.4869999885559082}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.4827289283275604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.3446577191352844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.08212000131607056}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/55.998869","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/55.998869","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/55.998869","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S19887683","display_name":"IEEE Electron Device Letters","issn_l":"0741-3106","issn":["0741-3106","1558-0563"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-2","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Electron Device Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1593935398","https://openalex.org/W1878936288","https://openalex.org/W2010780476","https://openalex.org/W2016270879","https://openalex.org/W2022876490","https://openalex.org/W2050703950","https://openalex.org/W2095430105","https://openalex.org/W2112296350","https://openalex.org/W2535765957","https://openalex.org/W2543356528","https://openalex.org/W6787593404"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1541972668","https://openalex.org/W4402931239","https://openalex.org/W2096507333","https://openalex.org/W2016270879","https://openalex.org/W2033739176","https://openalex.org/W2108684524","https://openalex.org/W2543268619","https://openalex.org/W1513953104","https://openalex.org/W1486946506","https://openalex.org/W2013416123"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"reports":[2],"on":[3],"SiGe":[4],"NPN":[5],"HBTs":[6],"with":[7],"unity":[8],"gain":[9,22,30],"cutoff":[10],"frequency":[11],"(fT)":[12],"of":[13,23,44,70,81,90],"207":[14],"GHz":[15,57],"and":[16,74,100],"an":[17,54,75],"fmaxextrapolated":[18,26],"from":[19,27],"Mason's":[20],"unilateral":[21],"285":[24],"GHz.":[25,33],"maximum":[28],"available":[29],"is":[31,87],"194":[32],"Transistors":[34],"sized":[35],"0.12\u00d72.5":[36],"\u03bcm2have":[37],"these":[38],"characteristics":[39],"at":[40,58],"a":[41,65,88,91],"linear":[42],"current":[43],"1.0":[45],"mA/\u03bcm":[46],"(8.3":[47],"mA/\u03bcm2).":[48],"Smaller":[49],"transistors":[50],"(0.12\u00d70.5":[51],"\u03bcm2)":[52],"have":[53,64],"fTof":[55],"180":[56],"800":[59],"\u03bcA":[60],"current.":[61],"The":[62,84],"devices":[63],"pinched":[66],"base":[67],"sheet":[68],"resistance":[69,99],"2.5":[71],"k/spl":[72],"Omega//sq.":[73],"open-base":[76],"breakdown":[77],"voltage":[78],"BV/sub":[79],"CEO/":[80],"1.7":[82],"V.":[83],"improved":[85],"performance":[86],"result":[89],"new":[92],"self-aligned":[93],"device":[94],"structure":[95],"that":[96],"minimizes":[97],"parasitic":[98],"capacitance":[101],"without":[102],"affecting":[103],"fTat":[104],"small":[105],"lateral":[106],"dimensions.":[107]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
