{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2016453199","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1901/jeab.2009.91-377","title":"RESPONSE ACQUISITION BY HUMANS WITH DELAYED REINFORCEMENT","display_name":"RESPONSE ACQUISITION BY HUMANS WITH DELAYED REINFORCEMENT","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2016453199","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1901/jeab.2009.91-377","mag":"2016453199","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19949494","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/2677568"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1901/jeab.2009.91-377","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1901/jeab.2009.91-377","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1901/jeab.2009.91-377","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1901/jeab.2009.91-377","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S168850678","display_name":"Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior","issn_l":"0022-5002","issn":["0022-5002","1938-3711"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","erih-plus","jufo-1","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1901/jeab.2009.91-377","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017801072","display_name":"Hiroto Okouchi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8905-9708","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8905-9708"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141479679","display_name":"Osaka Kyoiku University","ror":"https://ror.org/051j8zv27","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141479679"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hiroto Okouchi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Osaka Kyoiku University, Asahigaoka, Kashiwara, Osaka 582-8582, Japan. okouchi@cc.osaka-kyoiku.ac.jp","Osaka Kyoiku University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Osaka Kyoiku University, Asahigaoka, Kashiwara, Osaka 582-8582, Japan. okouchi@cc.osaka-kyoiku.ac.jp","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141479679"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Osaka Kyoiku University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141479679"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5017801072"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141479679"],"apc_list":{"value":3150,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3150},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.3547,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":25,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9292616,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"91","issue":"3","first_page":"377","last_page":"390"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10826","display_name":"Behavioral and Psychological Studies","score":0.9140999913215637,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10826","display_name":"Behavioral and Psychological Studies","score":0.9140999913215637,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10042","display_name":"Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies","score":0.0333000011742115,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10315","display_name":"Decision-Making and Behavioral Economics","score":0.01140000019222498,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1800","display_name":"General Decision Sciences"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/delayed-reinforcement","display_name":"delayed reinforcement","score":0.7940000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/response-acquisition","display_name":"response acquisition","score":0.7990000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/response-classes","display_name":"response classes","score":0.6340000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/post-reinforcement-pause","display_name":"post-reinforcement pause","score":0.8130000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-learning","display_name":"human learning","score":0.48500001430511475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operant-conditioning","display_name":"operant conditioning","score":0.3449999988079071}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67203356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321905","display_name":"Reinforcement","level":2,"score":0.9154309034347534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.5560697913169861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778112365","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3511065","display_name":"Sequence (biology)","level":2,"score":0.5279406905174255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780767217","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5532421","display_name":"Generality","level":2,"score":0.5198379158973694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112758219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16038819","display_name":"Duration (music)","level":2,"score":0.44414210319519043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46312422","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11024","display_name":"Communication","level":1,"score":0.43245401978492737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548259974","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q569965","display_name":"Audiology","level":1,"score":0.41926315426826477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3771839439868927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.24376371502876282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.10077771544456482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.06198948621749878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124952713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8242","display_name":"Literature","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542102704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183257","display_name":"Psychotherapist","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003216","descriptor_name":"Conditioning, Operant","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009042","descriptor_name":"Motivation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009949","descriptor_name":"Orientation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010364","descriptor_name":"Pattern Recognition, Visual","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011597","descriptor_name":"Psychomotor Performance","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012055","descriptor_name":"Reinforcement Schedule","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012691","descriptor_name":"Serial Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013998","descriptor_name":"Time Perception","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1901/jeab.2009.91-377","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1901/jeab.2009.91-377","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1901/jeab.2009.91-377","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1901/jeab.2009.91-377","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S168850678","display_name":"Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior","issn_l":"0022-5002","issn":["0022-5002","1938-3711"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","erih-plus","jufo-1","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:2677568","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/2677568","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"J Exp Anal Behav","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:19949494","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19949494","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.634.9072","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.634.9072","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://seab.envmed.rochester.edu/jeab/articles/2009/jeab-91-03-0377.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1901/jeab.2009.91-377","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1901/jeab.2009.91-377","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1901/jeab.2009.91-377","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1901/jeab.2009.91-377","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S168850678","display_name":"Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior","issn_l":"0022-5002","issn":["0022-5002","1938-3711"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","erih-plus","jufo-1","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2016453199.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2016453199.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W43477315","https://openalex.org/W134966593","https://openalex.org/W601293185","https://openalex.org/W1968543500","https://openalex.org/W1978004245","https://openalex.org/W1989875043","https://openalex.org/W1990405777","https://openalex.org/W1998415440","https://openalex.org/W2002959062","https://openalex.org/W2004631425","https://openalex.org/W2015897745","https://openalex.org/W2019146902","https://openalex.org/W2022106712","https://openalex.org/W2022992017","https://openalex.org/W2026171814","https://openalex.org/W2033175958","https://openalex.org/W2033659604","https://openalex.org/W2033742916","https://openalex.org/W2047799918","https://openalex.org/W2048602380","https://openalex.org/W2053706998","https://openalex.org/W2065884108","https://openalex.org/W2068468618","https://openalex.org/W2069620052","https://openalex.org/W2079565691","https://openalex.org/W2092201722","https://openalex.org/W2097938304","https://openalex.org/W2100450123","https://openalex.org/W2107890255","https://openalex.org/W2113058516","https://openalex.org/W2170161232","https://openalex.org/W2178093636","https://openalex.org/W2226384946","https://openalex.org/W2302918779","https://openalex.org/W2418149116","https://openalex.org/W2606263070","https://openalex.org/W2911066837","https://openalex.org/W2993998235"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1968543500","https://openalex.org/W7042816190","https://openalex.org/W3196233374","https://openalex.org/W2092201722","https://openalex.org/W2041800474","https://openalex.org/W171473315","https://openalex.org/W2026171814","https://openalex.org/W2264595650","https://openalex.org/W2053706998","https://openalex.org/W7065887017"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,121],"present":[1],"experiment":[2],"examined":[3],"whether":[4],"a":[5,21,35,101,125],"response":[6,126],"class":[7,127],"was":[8,128],"acquired":[9,129],"by":[10],"humans":[11],"with":[12,82,86,130,140],"delayed":[13,83,131],"reinforcement.":[14,88],"Eight":[15],"white":[16],"circles":[17,33],"were":[18,80],"presented":[19],"on":[20],"computer":[22],"touch":[23],"screen.":[24],"If":[25],"the":[26,31,41,45,49,76,92,119,134],"undergraduates":[27,107],"touched":[28],"two":[29],"of":[30,63,75,91,103,112,136],"eight":[32],"in":[34,57],"specified":[36],"sequence":[37,79,94],"(i.e.,":[38],"touching":[39],"first":[40],"upper-left":[42],"circle":[43],"then":[44,48],"bottom-left":[46],"circle),":[47],"touches":[50],"initiated":[51],"an":[52],"unsignaled":[53],"resetting":[54],"delay":[55,104],"culminating":[56],"point":[58,114],"delivery.":[59],"Participants":[60],"experienced":[61],"one":[62],"three":[64],"different":[65],"delays":[66],"(0":[67],"s,":[68,70],"10":[69],"or":[71],"30":[72],"s).":[73],"Rates":[74],"target":[77,93],"two-response":[78],"higher":[81],"reinforcement":[84],"than":[85],"no":[87],"Terminal":[89],"rates":[90],"decreased":[95],"and":[96],"postreinforcement":[97],"pauses":[98],"increased":[99],"as":[100],"function":[102],"duration.":[105],"Other":[106],"exposed":[108],"to":[109,117,143],"yoked":[110],"schedules":[111],"response-independent":[113],"deliveries":[115],"failed":[116],"acquire":[118],"sequence.":[120],"results":[122],"demonstrate":[123],"that":[124],"reinforcement,":[132],"extending":[133],"generality":[135],"this":[137],"phenomenon":[138],"found":[139],"nonhuman":[141],"animals":[142],"humans.":[144]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}