{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2016451288","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1353/mln.2006.0015","title":"The Normal and the Pathological in Bergson","display_name":"The Normal and the Pathological in Bergson","publication_year":2005,"publication_date":"2005-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2016451288","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1353/mln.2006.0015","mag":"2016451288"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1353/mln.2006.0015","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1353/mln.2006.0015","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1353/mln.2006.0015","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210173485","display_name":"MLN","issn_l":"0026-7910","issn":["0026-7910","0149-6611","1080-6598","2326-1978"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["jufo-2","norway-1"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"MLN","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022230352","display_name":"David Lapoujade","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"David Lapoujade","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5022230352"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":17,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.27734354,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"120","issue":"5","first_page":"1146","last_page":"1155"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13545","display_name":"Philosophical and Theoretical Analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1211","display_name":"Philosophy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13545","display_name":"Philosophical and Theoretical Analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1211","display_name":"Philosophy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12559","display_name":"French Literature and Critical Theory","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1208","display_name":"Literature and Literary Theory"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12308","display_name":"Mental Health and Psychiatry","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1211","display_name":"Philosophy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/henri-bergson","display_name":"Henri Bergson","score":0.9900000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/normal-and-pathological","display_name":"normal and pathological","score":0.8889999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-two-sources-of-morality-and-religion","display_name":"The Two Sources of Morality and Religion","score":0.8960000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matter-and-memory","display_name":"Matter and Memory","score":0.902999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/delirium","display_name":"delirium","score":0.6970000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/false-recognition","display_name":"false recognition","score":0.5860000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reality-and-unreality","display_name":"reality and unreality","score":0.5559999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/philosophy-of-life","display_name":"philosophy of life","score":0.4009999930858612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychoanalysis-and-philosophy","display_name":"psychoanalysis and philosophy","score":0.4909999966621399}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.6609310507774353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115786838","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192105","display_name":"Unconscious mind","level":2,"score":0.5545114278793335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11171543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41630","display_name":"Psychoanalysis","level":1,"score":0.4579751193523407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780775679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170579","display_name":"Laughter","level":2,"score":0.41706302762031555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.3997359275817871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15708023","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80083","display_name":"Humanities","level":1,"score":0.3898933529853821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.35680246353149414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.12527495622634888}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1353/mln.2006.0015","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1353/mln.2006.0015","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1353/mln.2006.0015","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210173485","display_name":"MLN","issn_l":"0026-7910","issn":["0026-7910","0149-6611","1080-6598","2326-1978"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["jufo-2","norway-1"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"MLN","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:muse.jhu.edu:/article/193254","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://muse.jhu.edu/article/193254","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196299","display_name":"Project Muse (Johns Hopkins University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","host_organization_name":"Johns Hopkins University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","score":0.7099999785423279}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":2,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1515502753","https://openalex.org/W2044048743"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2979360017","https://openalex.org/W2074111021","https://openalex.org/W4210467436","https://openalex.org/W2388043658","https://openalex.org/W2124493874","https://openalex.org/W2613568553","https://openalex.org/W4309100525","https://openalex.org/W4240379216"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,353,380,406],"Normal":[1],"and":[2,17,45,47,78,108,133,142,281,291,328,358,390,423,532,540,567,657,683,689],"the":[3,15,18,21,59,73,86,129,227,235,238,257,260,279,282,286,289,292,300,316,360,402,409,413,416,449,463,501,508,527,530,533,538,541,553,562,565,568,574,603,616,619,632,643,645,647,650,663,666,674,677],"Pathological":[4],"in":[5,20,43,51,72,81,85,92,97,102,109,119,128,135,276,305,352,379,388,514],"Bergson":[6,35,137,249,277,585],"David":[7],"Lapoujade":[8],"I":[9,318,441,492,547,560],"would":[10,493],"like":[11,494],"to":[12,63,94,206,220,224,234,254,320,338,343,364,372,385,399,420,428,448,467,495,505,550,581,588,602,629,660,662,694],"talk":[13,321],"about":[14,88],"normal":[16,280,531,566],"pathological":[19,283,534],"work":[22],"of":[23,31,34,54,61,76,123,131,210,214,237,244,259,356,362,405,412,418,438,462,465,477,482,489,510,576,615,626,634,654,665],"Henri":[24],"Bergson,":[25],"but":[26,323,596],"from":[27,503,573,579,642],"a":[28,39,52,182,242,274,325,347,377,460,474,479,486,511,523,593,597,635,697],"particular":[29],"point":[30,185],"view.":[32],"Readers":[33],"are":[36,425],"familiar":[37],"with":[38,268,341],"notion":[40,60,118,317],"that":[41,48,252,284,349,370,401,443,451,521,526,676],"appears":[42,71,350],"Matter":[44,77,132,389],"Memory":[46,134],"then":[49,80,84],"returns":[50],"number":[53],"different":[55],"articles.":[56],"It":[57,69,345,590,640,671],"is":[58,197,226,247,256,302,346,415,445,470,498,507,519,552,571,591,641,672,687],"\"attention":[62,253,342,384,466,587,693],"life\"":[64,255,373,386,630,695],"[attention":[65],"\u00e0":[66,153,167,188],"la":[67,168],"vie].":[68],"first":[70,203,332],"third":[74],"chapter":[75],"Memory,":[79],"Laughter":[82],"(1900),":[83],"texts":[87],"dreaming":[89],"(1901),":[90],"and,":[91,484],"reference":[93],"false":[95],"recognition":[96],"\"La":[98],"fausse":[99],"reconnaissance\"":[100],"(1908),":[101],"\"L'\u00e2me":[103],"et":[104],"le":[105,162],"corps\"":[106],"(1912),":[107],"\"Les":[110],"fant\u00f4mes":[111],"de":[112,164,184,186],"vivants\"":[113],"(1913).":[114],"We":[115],"find":[116,434],"this":[117,140,195,269,439,444,556,577],"every":[120],"important":[121,199,304],"text":[122],"Bergson.":[124,201],"But,":[125,265],"most":[126],"importantly,":[127],"foreword":[130],"1911,":[136],"insists":[138],"on":[139],"concept":[141,196,301,348,361,464],"declares:":[143],"\".":[144],".":[145,146,157,158,159],"notre":[147,165,189],"vie":[148],"psychologique":[149],"peut":[150],"se":[151],"jouer":[152],"des":[154,173],"hauteures":[155],"diff\u00e9rentes":[156],",":[160],"selon":[161],"degr\u00e9":[163],"attention":[166,580],"vie.":[169],"L\u00e0":[170],"est":[171],"une":[172],"id\u00e9es":[174],"directrices":[175],"du":[176,263],"pr\u00e9sent":[177],"ouvrage,":[178],"celle":[179],"m\u00eame":[180],"qui":[181],"servi":[183],"d\u00e9part":[187],"travail.\"1":[190],"One":[191,366,392],"can":[192,250,272,367,431,609],"understand":[193,551],"why":[194,248,299],"so":[198,303,396],"for":[200,555],"He":[202],"uses":[204],"it":[205,455,471,518,570,611],"give":[207],"an":[208,457,613,623],"account":[209],"our":[211,680,684],"constant":[212],"strain":[213],"adjustment,":[215],"whether":[216],"conscious":[217],"or":[218,459,652],"unconscious,":[219],"real":[221,290,539],"situations.":[222],"Attention":[223],"life":[225,637,682],"operation":[228],"through":[229,241,673],"which":[230,600],"we":[231,426,432],"adapt":[232],"ourselves":[233],"exigencies":[236],"outer":[239],"world,":[240],"kind":[243,481],"equilibrium.":[245],"This":[246,297,311],"say":[251,400],"\"sense":[258],"real\"":[261],"[sens":[262],"reel].":[264],"above":[266],"all,":[267],"concept,":[270],"one":[271,329,452,608],"draw":[273],"line":[275],"between":[278,288,529,537,564,679],"crosses":[285],"divide":[287],"unreal":[293],"(dreams,":[294],"deliriums,":[295],"etc.).":[296],"explains":[298],"those":[306],"texts.":[307],"[End":[308],"Page":[309],"1146]":[310],"is,":[312],"however,":[313],"not":[314,433,472,592],"precisely":[315,499],"want":[319],"about,":[322],"rather":[324],"similar":[326],"notion,":[327],"that,":[330],"at":[331],"sight,":[333],"some":[334],"commentaries":[335],"have":[336],"considered":[337],"be":[339],"synonymous":[340],"life.\"":[344,365,468],"only":[351,453,572],"Two":[354,381,407],"Sources":[355,382],"Morality":[357],"Religion:":[359],"\"attachment":[363,371],"even":[368,394],"suppose":[369],"plays":[374],"as":[375,383,398,456,612,622],"central":[376],"role":[378],"does":[387,584],"Memory.":[391],"might":[393],"go":[395],"far":[397],"main":[403],"problem":[404],"Sources,":[408],"very":[410],"core":[411],"book,":[414],"question":[417],"attachment":[419],"life.":[421],"Why":[422,430],"how":[424,500],"attached":[427],"life?":[429],"any":[435],"specific":[436],"analysis":[437],"notion?":[440],"think":[442],"primarily":[446],"due":[447],"fact":[450],"considers":[454],"extension,":[458],"variation,":[461],"Yet":[469],"describing":[473],"new":[475,480,487],"type":[476,488],"equilibrium,":[478],"vitality,":[483],"therefore,":[485],"pathology?":[490],"What":[491,546],"understand,":[496],"then,":[497],"passage":[502,578],"\"attention\"":[504],"\"attachment\"":[506],"sign":[509],"major":[512],"shift":[513,524],"Bergson's":[515],"thought,":[516],"because":[517],"obvious":[520],"such":[522],"implies":[525],"boundary":[528],"(but":[535],"also":[536],"unreal)":[542],"has":[543],"been":[544],"displaced.":[545],"will":[548],"try":[549],"reason":[554],"transformation.":[557],"So,":[558],"if":[559],"consider":[561],"relation":[563],"pathological,":[569],"perspective":[575],"attachment.":[582],"How":[583],"define":[586,610],"life\"?":[589],"psychological":[594,681],"attention,":[595,599],"biological":[598],"belongs":[601],"human":[604],"species.":[605],"Generally":[606],"speaking,":[607],"encroachment":[614],"present":[617],"onto":[618],"future,":[620],"essentially":[621],"adaptive":[624],"capacity":[625,659],"anticipation.":[627],"\"Attention":[628],"defines":[631],"situation":[633],"balanced":[636],"[vie":[638],"\u00e9quilibr\u00e9e].":[639],"body\u2014from":[644],"brain\u2014that":[646],"intelligence":[648],"receives":[649],"weight":[651],"ballast":[653],"its":[655,658],"equilibrium":[656],"adjust":[661],"requirements":[664],"material":[667],"(or":[668],"social)":[669],"world.":[670],"brain":[675],"solidarity":[678],"motor":[685],"activity":[686],"established":[688],"maintained.":[690],"More":[691],"specifically,":[692],"requires":[696],"double...":[698]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-09-29T14:09:16.559479","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}