{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2016367411","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2278-9626.116017","title":"Long-term effect of tobacco on resting whole mouth salivary flow rate and pH: An institutional based comparative study","display_name":"Long-term effect of tobacco on resting whole mouth salivary flow rate and pH: An institutional based comparative study","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-08-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2016367411","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2278-9626.116017","mag":"2016367411"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.4103/2278-9626.116017","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2278-9626.116017","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2278-9626.116017","pdf_url":"http://www.thieme-connect.de/products/ejournals/pdf/10.4103/2278-9626.116017.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2737575585","display_name":"European Journal of General Dentistry","issn_l":"2278-9626","issn":["2278-9626","2320-4753"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","poland-20","russia-white-list-4"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320000","host_organization_name":"Thieme Medical Publishers (Germany)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320000"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Thieme Medical Publishers (Germany)"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European Journal of General Dentistry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"http://www.thieme-connect.de/products/ejournals/pdf/10.4103/2278-9626.116017.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068324057","display_name":"Alpana Kanwar","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134705546","display_name":"Teerthanker Mahaveer University","ror":"https://ror.org/04vkd2013","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134705546"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alpana Kanwar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Teerthanker Mahaveer Dental College and Research Center, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Teerthanker Mahaveer Dental College and Research Center, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134705546"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033346277","display_name":"Kunal Sah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1808-9659","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1808-9659"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210127890","display_name":"Saraswati Dental College and Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/02r2tq059","country_code":"IN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210127890"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kunal Sah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Saraswati Dental College and Hospital, Faizabad Road, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Saraswati Dental College and Hospital, Faizabad Road, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210127890"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005176495","display_name":"Neeraj Grover","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134705546","display_name":"Teerthanker Mahaveer University","ror":"https://ror.org/04vkd2013","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134705546"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Neeraj Grover","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Teerthanker Mahaveer Dental College and Research Center, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Teerthanker Mahaveer Dental College and Research Center, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134705546"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022886010","display_name":"Sunira Chandra","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7717-8585","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7717-8585"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210127890","display_name":"Saraswati Dental College and Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/02r2tq059","country_code":"IN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210127890"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sunira Chandra","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Saraswati Dental College and Hospital, Faizabad Road, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Saraswati Dental College and Hospital, Faizabad Road, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210127890"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050197112","display_name":"Rana Randeep Singh","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800341339","display_name":"Indian Army","ror":"https://ror.org/04e5d6174","country_code":"IN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800341339"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rana Randeep Singh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dental Surgeon, Armed Forces, New Delhi, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dental Surgeon, Armed Forces, New Delhi, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800341339"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.0605,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":59,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.75074557,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"2","issue":"03","first_page":"296","last_page":"299"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11521","display_name":"Salivary Gland Disorders and Functions","score":0.9574999809265137,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11521","display_name":"Salivary Gland Disorders and Functions","score":0.9574999809265137,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13761","display_name":"HIV/AIDS oral health manifestations","score":0.017100000753998756,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3500","display_name":"General Dentistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/35","display_name":"Dentistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11452","display_name":"Oral Health Pathology and Treatment","score":0.008100000210106373,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3500","display_name":"General Dentistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/35","display_name":"Dentistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tobacco-use","display_name":"tobacco use","score":0.828000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/salivary-flow-rate","display_name":"salivary flow rate","score":0.8949999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/salivary-ph","display_name":"salivary pH","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tobacco-chewing","display_name":"tobacco chewing","score":0.5180000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smoking","display_name":"smoking","score":0.8199999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oral-health","display_name":"oral health","score":0.5389999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oral-mucosa","display_name":"oral mucosa","score":0.628000020980835}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C504460877","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q155925","display_name":"Saliva","level":2,"score":0.8448663949966431},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138040679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3512694","display_name":"Smokeless tobacco","level":4,"score":0.8072190284729004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.5071465969085693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90924648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q120569","display_name":"Gastroenterology","level":1,"score":0.4629304111003876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.3970593214035034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199343813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12128","display_name":"Dentistry","level":1,"score":0.382354736328125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019190695","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7212330","display_name":"Tobacco use","level":3,"score":0.3563057780265808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.33589714765548706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.4103/2278-9626.116017","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2278-9626.116017","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2278-9626.116017","pdf_url":"http://www.thieme-connect.de/products/ejournals/pdf/10.4103/2278-9626.116017.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2737575585","display_name":"European Journal of General Dentistry","issn_l":"2278-9626","issn":["2278-9626","2320-4753"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","poland-20","russia-white-list-4"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320000","host_organization_name":"Thieme Medical Publishers (Germany)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320000"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Thieme Medical Publishers (Germany)"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European Journal of General Dentistry","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.4103/2278-9626.116017","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2278-9626.116017","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2278-9626.116017","pdf_url":"http://www.thieme-connect.de/products/ejournals/pdf/10.4103/2278-9626.116017.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2737575585","display_name":"European Journal of General Dentistry","issn_l":"2278-9626","issn":["2278-9626","2320-4753"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","poland-20","russia-white-list-4"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320000","host_organization_name":"Thieme Medical Publishers (Germany)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320000"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Thieme Medical Publishers (Germany)"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European Journal of General Dentistry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9763000011444092}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2016367411.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2016367411.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1863148121","https://openalex.org/W1966734873","https://openalex.org/W1969157563","https://openalex.org/W2075393917","https://openalex.org/W2084107384","https://openalex.org/W2096271678","https://openalex.org/W2099152849","https://openalex.org/W2107117820","https://openalex.org/W2117028974","https://openalex.org/W2122060871","https://openalex.org/W2159668370","https://openalex.org/W2163825438","https://openalex.org/W2164425911","https://openalex.org/W2289527000","https://openalex.org/W2304855090","https://openalex.org/W2592631410","https://openalex.org/W2806126460","https://openalex.org/W2994009204"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2518649729","https://openalex.org/W4404163600","https://openalex.org/W2336925975","https://openalex.org/W7018799682","https://openalex.org/W2049326573","https://openalex.org/W3203003056","https://openalex.org/W2567548854","https://openalex.org/W3189099346","https://openalex.org/W2767199375","https://openalex.org/W4405838203"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Background:":[1],"Saliva":[2,80],"is":[3,9,14],"the":[4,20,41,103,178],"first":[5],"biological":[6],"fluid":[7],"that":[8,177],"exposed":[10],"to":[11,37,211,222],"tobacco":[12,46,52,69,183,198,215],"and":[13,25,29,39,49,55,58,76,89,122,130,149,156,171,208,225],"responsible":[15],"for":[16,95,113,140],"its":[17],"changes":[18],"especially":[19,185],"salivary":[21,26,105,164,193],"flow":[22],"rate":[23],"(SFR)":[24],"pH.":[27],"Aims":[28],"Objectives:":[30],"The":[31,109,136],"aim":[32],"of":[33,45,62,81,214],"this":[34],"study":[35,175],"was":[36,84,91,100,134,160,195],"analyze":[38],"compare":[40],"long-":[42],"term":[43],"effects":[44],"on":[47],"SFR":[48,90,112,179,207],"pH":[50,99,106,139,165,194,209],"between":[51],"chewers,":[53],"smokers,":[54],"controls.":[56],"Materials":[57],"Methods:":[59],"A":[60,170,190],"total":[61],"60":[63],"Subjects":[64],"were":[65,166],"divided":[66],"equally":[67],"into":[68],"smokers":[70],"(group":[71,74,78],"A),":[72],"chewers":[73],"B),":[75],"controls":[77],"C).":[79],"each":[82],"subject":[83],"collected":[85],"under":[86],"resting":[87],"condition":[88],"expressed":[92],"in":[93,168,197,206],"mL/min":[94,127],"10":[96],"min.":[97],"Salivary":[98],"determined":[101],"using":[102],"specific":[104],"strips.":[107],"Results:":[108],"mean":[110,137],"(\u00b1SD)":[111,138],"group":[114,118,123,141,145,150,169],"A;":[115,142],"4.34":[116],"(\u00b10.3),":[117],"B;":[119,146],"3.07":[120],"(\u00b10.26)":[121],"C;":[124,151],"5.65":[125],"(\u00b10.44)":[126],"when":[128,154],"compared":[129,155,201],"a":[131,157],"significant":[132],"relation":[133,159],"obtained.":[135],"6.8":[143],"(\u00b10.1),":[144],"6.7":[147],"(\u00b10.1)":[148,153],"7.04":[152],"non-significant":[158],"obtained":[161],"though,":[162],"lower":[163,191],"observed":[167,196],"B.":[172],"Conclusion:":[173],"Present":[174],"indicates":[176],"decreases":[180],"appreciably":[181],"among":[182,187],"abusers":[184],"more":[186],"smokeless":[188],"form.":[189],"(acidic)":[192],"users":[199],"as":[200],"with":[202],"control.":[203],"These":[204],"alterations":[205],"due":[210],"long-term":[212],"effect":[213],"user":[216],"can":[217],"render":[218],"oral":[219,224],"mucosa":[220],"vulnerable":[221],"various":[223],"dental":[226],"diseases.":[227]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}