{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2016311201","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1116/1.1317052","title":"Development and Evaluation of Materials for Vacuum Power Interrupters","display_name":"Development and Evaluation of Materials for Vacuum Power Interrupters","publication_year":1972,"publication_date":"1972-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2016311201","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1116/1.1317052","mag":"2016311201"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1116/1.1317052","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1116/1.1317052","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1116/1.1317052","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S52593085","display_name":"Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology","issn_l":"0022-5355","issn":["0022-5355","2331-1754"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320257","host_organization_name":"American Institute of Physics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320257"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109371948","display_name":"E. A. Attia","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"E. A. Attia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Allis Chalmers Corporation, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53201"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Allis Chalmers Corporation, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53201","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5109371948"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3041,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.52223334,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"6","first_page":"1419","last_page":"1423"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12077","display_name":"Vacuum and Plasma Arcs","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12077","display_name":"Vacuum and Plasma Arcs","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12371","display_name":"Electrical Contact Performance and Analysis","score":0.002099999925121665,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10592","display_name":"Fusion materials and technologies","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/residual-gas-contamination","display_name":"residual gas contamination","score":0.5220000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/copper-contacts","display_name":"copper contacts","score":0.6790000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vacuum-induction-melting","display_name":"vacuum induction melting","score":0.777999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/degassing","display_name":"degassing","score":0.5490000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contact-materials","display_name":"contact materials","score":0.41999998688697815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/methane","display_name":"methane","score":0.3140000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carbon-monoxide","display_name":"carbon monoxide","score":0.9750000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hydrogen","display_name":"hydrogen","score":0.9679999947547913}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195801359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6452502","display_name":"Vaporization","level":2,"score":0.7207714915275574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112570922","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60528603","display_name":"Contamination","level":2,"score":0.6019896268844604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.544846773147583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512968161","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q556","display_name":"Hydrogen","level":2,"score":0.5267341136932373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140205800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5860","display_name":"Carbon fibers","level":3,"score":0.4862467050552368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C544778455","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q753","display_name":"Copper","level":2,"score":0.47527948021888733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C540031477","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q629","display_name":"Oxygen","level":2,"score":0.4651782214641571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114375839","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207456","display_name":"Electric arc","level":3,"score":0.4642537236213684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44441586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4102677","display_name":"Vacuum arc","level":3,"score":0.4589579701423645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155512373","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q287450","display_name":"Residual","level":2,"score":0.45277196168899536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82225425","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7880334","display_name":"Ultra-high vacuum","level":2,"score":0.42858999967575073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113196181","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485223","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry (journal)","level":2,"score":0.3779311776161194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191897082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467","display_name":"Metallurgy","level":1,"score":0.31037402153015137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.29490047693252563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49110097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175233","display_name":"Cathode","level":2,"score":0.18480458855628967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107872376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q321355","display_name":"Environmental chemistry","level":1,"score":0.18270888924598694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.18192312121391296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17525397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176140","display_name":"Electrode","level":2,"score":0.11696916818618774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.09575784206390381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147789679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11372","display_name":"Physical chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104779481","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50707","display_name":"Composite number","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1116/1.1317052","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1116/1.1317052","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1116/1.1317052","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S52593085","display_name":"Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology","issn_l":"0022-5355","issn":["0022-5355","2331-1754"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320257","host_organization_name":"American Institute of Physics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320257"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1834208731","https://openalex.org/W2004730073","https://openalex.org/W4242542954","https://openalex.org/W2169869299","https://openalex.org/W2170013638","https://openalex.org/W2115107697","https://openalex.org/W4385668509","https://openalex.org/W2160839142","https://openalex.org/W3091962388","https://openalex.org/W2096607354"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"order":[1],"to":[2,23],"predict":[3],"the":[4,28,44,84,105],"interruption":[5,12],"ability":[6],"and":[7,39,65,73,77,101],"residual":[8,59,107],"gaseous":[9,25],"environment":[10],"after":[11],"in":[13,83],"hermetically":[14],"sealed":[15],"vacuum":[16,54],"power":[17],"interrupters,":[18],"experimental":[19],"procedures":[20],"were":[21],"developed":[22],"measure":[24],"contamination":[26],"of":[27,43,62,67,69,80,95],"materials":[29],"intended":[30],"for":[31],"contact":[32],"application":[33],"using":[34],"dc":[35],"arc":[36],"induced":[37],"vaporization":[38],"mass":[40],"spectrometric":[41],"analysis":[42],"released":[45,109],"gases.":[46],"It":[47],"was":[48],"found":[49],"that":[50],"copper":[51],"degassed":[52],"by":[53],"induction":[55],"melting":[56],"contains":[57,90],"bulk":[58],"gas":[60],"compounds":[61],"carbon,":[63],"oxygen,":[64],"hydrogen":[66],"concentration":[68],"about":[70],"0.08,":[71],"0.02,":[72],"0.02":[74],"ppm-wt,":[75],"respectively,":[76],"is":[78],"capable":[79],"interrupting":[81],"currents":[82],"10-kA":[85],"range.":[86],"The":[87],"surface":[88],"layer":[89],"a":[91],"much":[92],"higher":[93],"degree":[94],"contamination.":[96],"CH4":[97],"(65%),":[98],"CO":[99],"(22%),":[100],"H2":[102],"(7%)":[103],"are":[104],"major":[106],"gases":[108],"during":[110],"interruption.":[111]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-01T08:54:57.152042","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}